Te ako tamataraa Bourdon. Te tāutu i whakapūmautanga arotahi

maha amuamu ngā mātua e pā ana ki te kore o whakarongo, te manawanui tamariki. marara iwi uaua ki te ako, pakeke mahi ki te whakatutuki i te angitu i roto i te mahi me te ora whaiaro. Ahakoa ki te whakatau i te taumata o te whakarongo me ona āhuatanga, he tamaiti noa, nui ki te haere i te whakamātautau iti, me te ohie. A, i mohio "hinonga hoariri", he māmā ake ki te riro.

Hei whakatau i te pūmautanga o te whakarongo, ki te kaha aro reira, te aroaro o te rohirohi tono Bourdon proofreading anga matou.

Kua whakawhanakehia tēnei tikanga kua ka whakaarohia ki te whakamahi i kaimātai hinengaro i France B. Bourdon i 1895. Ko reira ki te mea tino hira i tenei ra, no te o tona tapatahi, me te ringa rehe, rawa rite ake atu tākuta e rave rahi taime.

tamataraa ako taea te kawea Bourdon i mō ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki o te kura, me te kōhungahunga tau. E anake rua tikanga: Me e taea ki te pupuri i te kitenga me te pupuri i te peni e aore ra te tangata.

Tikanga. Compensation tauira (Bourdon whakamātautau)

Ki te whakarite i haere katoa te pai, e hiahia ana koe puka motuhake, me te stopwatch.

I te panereta (whārangi A4) tāngia Cyrillic reta i roto i te rārangi kia matapōkere. ui te kaupapa kei te ki te whakawhiti atu, ki te tāraro kotahi, neke atu rānei ngā reta o tenei puka tahuri i roto i ia rarangi.

Hei tauira, ka taea e te mahi hei: inaianei ko reira e tika ana ki te haapapu i ia pukapuka A, ka whiti i roto i ia pukapuka ahau, i roto i ia raina, ka pānui, e hiahia ana koe ki te mahi i te mahi rite hohoro rite taea, engari ata, timata ki te mahi i runga i te ware. A, no te rongo koe "Fuck!", Hoatu he aho poutū wahi i tenei momeniti mahi i runga i.

Tautuhi rite te raupapa o ngā reta i roto i te puka, whakaturia pokanoatia. Ko te hei whakamatau katoa e toru tekau e ono ranei hekona (mo tenei me te hiahia te stopwatch) homai te whakahau, "Whakatara!". Ko te wheako katoa e wahi mo te 10 meneti. "Otcherkivanie" hanga reira taea ki te ahu pehea te pūkete i runga i te wā, e ko te rohirohi.

E ai ki nga kaiuru o te mutunga whakamātautau pooti, ratou whakaaro tuakiri e pā ana ki te whakamātautau, haere reira, te maha o nga hapa kiia, ka hoatu a reira te whai wāhi ki te ake tika whakamāori i te raraunga tau.

Tirohia hua

homai tamataraa ako Bourdon tatou raraunga i runga i te tepu, ka taki whakamana whakamatautau te puka ki te whakautu tika (Tāhīpae).

Ko te whakarea o te tika, me te hua e tātai i runga i te tepu raraunga, te tātai:

B = (C - P) / (C + D)

E = U x V.

Hei aromatawai i te kaha o te whakamātautau ki te kukū i reira ko te tātai:

K = (ΣS - ΣO - ΣYU) / ΣR × 100%.

Kua whakaritea nga hua ki te tauine:

Ko te hua meneti te āwhina ki tatou ia maramarama i te tatūnga whakamātautau, te kaha ki te aro tona mahi hinengaro, ki te whakangungu whakarongo , ranei wātea me te ngaro.

tikanga whakarerekē

Te angitu, me te pinepine whakamahia, te ako tauira Bourdon whakawhanake kawea rerekē pūtaiao i roto i ona innovations me tāpiritanga. Ki te rā, putu e toru whakarerekētanga:

1. mowhiti Landolt. ako Puka Ko te raupapa o mowhiti ki āputa i roto i tohutohu rerekē. whakawhanakehia tētahi tikanga e hoki te iwi e kore nei e matau ki te tātai reta, tamariki.
2. tikanga vy Anfimova. Te āhuatanga i roto i taua i te tetahi kairangahau wā tīmata reo hoki ki te 15 hēkona puaki rerekē pukapuka i roto i te tikanga huru. Tenei taea ki a koe tirohia te tohu o te pūmautanga o te whakarongo ki whakaohooho waho.
3. tikanga AG Ivanov-Smolensky. Whiti i roto i kore tetahi, engari he huinga o reta (MF - WG).

Te ako tamataraa Bourdon. puka

Ki te tika, he mea ka taea ki te hanga i runga i ona ake, engari i te kau, ko te nui tauira pai. Kei raro ko etahi o ratou.

puka Paerewa mō ngā pakeke.

Ko te puka mō ngā tamariki kura tuatahi.

No te tamariki, ka taea e kitea e koe i te puka ki te ata, rozhitsami rorirori me tānga.

Ko te kupu, aru i noa te taumata ine, me te kounga o te aro tangata. I muri i te whakatau i te reira nui māmā ki te feruri i roto i te wahi ki te haere i muri, rite mo te whakapakari me te whanaketanga o te aro , rawa, i to ratou ake tikanga. He mea nui ki te tāutu i ona tōnounoú i te wawe tau, me te ako ki te mana, ki te whakangungu ia i te kura, ka ka kia te tukanga ako ngāwari, ngahau me te kahore tetahi raruraru.