Te atamira reira i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahurea āhuatanga e te aha?

Modern ahurea ao he ona ake āhuatanga motuhake e hanga ahurei reira me ahurei i roto i te horopaki ahurea, me te kōrero o mua whānui. He mea nui ki te hamani i te reira toopuu, rite te rōpū ki ngā āhuatanga ngā o te ora i roto i te hapori hou, kia reira matatika, morare, hononga ture ranei te taumata o te whanaketanga hangarau, me te tauwehe ohaoha. O te akoranga, tenei ahua o te whakaahuatanga whānui o te ahurea i roto i te kotahi tuhinga kore e pai, ka pera ka arotahi tatou anake i runga i te āhuatanga faufaa tino o te ora ahurea. Na, he aha te mea motuhake e pā ana ki te wāhanga hakari o te whanaketanga o kei ahurea?

Ko te tūranga o te ahurea Pākehā i roto i te wāhi ahurea ao

Ko reira kahore ngaro e āhuatanga te atamira o nāianei i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahurea e te tukanga kaha o te ao, mau e tu ana i runga i te pūtake o te iho Pākehā. Ko te pono tenei hoki tata rohe katoa o te ao, ahakoa i roto i te taumata. huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko Westernization me te whakaritea e te Eurocentrism faaheporaa i roto i te aromatawai i te opuaraa no te whanaketanga ahurea atu o te hapori. Ko te aha me hoatu te arotahi ki tenei iho rite te nui tino me faufaa ki te ora o pirioni o iwi i roto i te ao nei i teie mahana.

Ko nga rohe o te ahurea Pākehā

Te iho Pākehā, rite tetahi atu, kitea e tona kāhua, āhuatanga motuhake me te huinga o uara. O te akoranga, te whānuitanga o ona whakaaro ngā tautuhi rerekē, me te te puna o ona take, me te whanaketanga āhuatanga. Here, ka piri matou ki te ariā tino kūpapa me tata hoa e te ahurea Pākehā hou ki tona mentality me āhuatanga i hanga i roto i te Renaissance, a ngā wā hou. Ētahi atu awenga - te tawhito, puāwaitanga me etahi ētahi atu - tautapa tatou rite taketake ki te momo rerekē o mua ngā ahurea hou i roto i Europe.
Na, he aha te mea rerekē i roto i te wāhanga nei o te whanaketanga o te tikanga? I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te aha e taea te tāutuhia ona āhuatanga faufaa rite tohu tauwhāiti e te wehe ratou i te tahi atu momo o te ahurea?

rationalism

Ko te tino mārama faaite te whanaketanga o te ahurea i tenei wā huānga Rationalist. whakakitea ana tēnei i roto i, notemea reira haputanga o te ao, ngā uara i ko te matua o te rauemi o te maramarama tangata. He mea nui ki te tautuhi i te pere o rationalism Pākehā, no te mea e rere ke te reira tino i te tahi atu, ahurea-rāwhiti matua tuku iho. Ko tōna āhuatanga matua ko te fakahehema ki riro, ki codify te ao, kia tino taua mea i raro i te mana me te kaimahi i te tihi tangata. Te ara o te whanaketanga o te tikanga hou i roto i Russia e, i te ara, hoki rite te huarahi ano ki mooni, ka takoto te uara o te ao e te tohu o tona rawatanga anō me te tōtika. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te take tangata i roto i te pūnaha taua he pokapū, i te toenga o te ao e whakawhitia ki te tūnga rauemi.

Ko te mana o te rationalism i runga i nga āhuatanga o te atamira o nāianei (whanaketanga ahurea)

Kua tukua tenei takotoranga o te mentality Western ki te waihanga i tētahi taiao ora whakamarie, whakatairanga tawhiti i mua o te hangarau, me te ki te whakatutuki angitu nui i roto i ngā ōhanga. Ko ko reira te tahatua, he taha mumura, i te mea te destabilization hinengaro o te mahara (hei tauira, taumata tino tiketike o te whārua, me mau hinaaro suicidal i roto i te whai tino i te wāhi ōhanga o te tirohanga, Europe, Amerika me Ahitereiria), Kōnei-intellectualism, ki te whara o te wāhanga fakalaumālie whanaketanga tuakiri o te hononga kiritaki, a i roto i te tikanga whānui - i roto i te expansionism ahurea, me te ōhanga pukuriri me te huru whakarihariha ki te taiao, me te taiao.

subjectivism

Te atamira reira i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahurea e hoki āhuatanga e te subjectivity korerotia. Ko te whakamutunga i roto i tenei take i matau rite kaupapa absolutized o faufaa i roto i tetahi tukanga waho me ari.

I roto i te mahi, tenei te tikanga e te mehua katoa ko te tangata motuhake, te takitahi, e kore te hapori, te piha haapiiraa, kaihe, me te rite. Ki tenei whakahaere o ngā uara ahurea hanga taea te, i te iti rawa i te taurite ture ōkawa me te whanaketanga o te tōrangapū ora i roto i te tikanga manapori. O te akoranga, i roto i te ora tūturu mea e he bit uaua ake, engari ko te reira tenei kupu whakaari huru taata-hāngai whakaritea e te atamira reira. Tenei whanaketanga o te tikanga e kore e anake hei wewete i te tangata, homai tona ngā tūpuna me tika, engari haamau ano he fatongia nui, he i te wa ano i te wero. Ko te takitahi, ko te, i roto i te meka, kotahi-i runga i-tetahi ki te ao i roto i nei whanaungatanga katoa tango te ahua o te kirimana, me te kawenata whaihua. Ko te tangata i roto i tenei ao, ko te mokemoke, e kore he pakiaka hohonu i roto i te utuafare e, me te iwi, wairua, motu ranei etahi atu wāhi.

pū Russian

Ki te whakaaro ki te whanaketanga o te tikanga hou i roto i Russia, he tonu reira rawa he tu'ati ki te tauira Pākehā, ahakoa te neke te reira tamau i roto i tona aronga. Hei tauira, i roto i te wāhi ahurea o te Russian Federation kua kore ano i tino whakaaetia e te whakaaro o te kātakí me te ōritetanga pluralistic hapori noa i te tukino o te takitahi mea katoa i te kaha pāpori. I te tahi atu te ringa, he iti haria ki te arumoni me te whakawhitinga ki te hōputu whanaunga mākete maha ngā āhuatanga o te ora ahurea o te mua Soviet Union. Noa ko reira taea ki te whakapuaki i hohonu i te pae varua o te manene ariā ki te taha ōhanga.

scientism

whanaketanga arorau o subjectivity, i whakaongaongatia e R. Descartes i tona tuhinga rongonui, "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau te tīariari", kua riro te mārua faufaa o te ahurea Pākehā. Roto i te rerekē ki wharekarakia te whakarau teotaratia pōpula ranei o onamata, kei te āhuatanga atamira hou i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahurea, rite kua whakahuatia, he anthropocentrism tuwhena, i raro nei i te hinonga kua kahore atu tautoko me te paearu o te matauranga, engari ki a ia. Ko te kupu, i raro i te patototanga nga waewae o te tangata katoa oneone. mahi e vai i roto i te tukanga iho e te pai ai e tineia ki te mana, me te ki mana, e hāngai ana i runga i te turanga o te tikanga pūtaiao. Tahi, enei āhuatanga katoa he: subjectivism, rationalism me scientism muri tetahi - ko te whakahoki ki te pātai "aha e nga āhuatanga o te wāhanga hakari o te whanaketanga o te tikanga."

Mathesis

I raro i Mathesis matau he tauira taua o whakaaro me te hinengaro, e arotahi nei te nuinga i runga i taputapu pāngarau. Ko tenei kounga na huru o te mentality Pākehā hou. He nui ki te whakanui i te motuhake, no te mea ahakoa ia āta whakaahua ana te mauri o te scientism Pākehā reira, engari kāore e whāiti ki a ratou. Ka rite ki ngingila rite i roto i te a'oraa pūtaiao, whakakitea Mathesis i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te ora o te tangata Pākehā, ara i roto i te hunga i reira he tika te tātai ngali pāngarau. He tauira a Tūrongo, o tenei ko te ahumahi ataahua, i whakatikaia me ariā paerewa o te ataahua, me te ataahua tino ngaro te koreutu, o horihori me te taha wairua, me te kua riro he kaupapa o te hanga me te ahanoa o hokohoko, me te mākete whanaunga. mutu Ataahua ki kia faufaa, i roto i-hōhonu kounga o te tangata, ka tahuri ki te tahi mea e taea te pai hangaia mā te whakamahi i te pāngarau manatoko kai, mahi, matū me tafa. Ko te kupu, kua riro te reira tino kaunuku, raro ki tawhā me paerewa tohua.

expansionism

Te atamira reira i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahurea e hoki āhuatanga e etahi expansionism. Kua tukua tenei take ki te riro i te reira i teie nei i te tauira ārahi e kerēme ki hei te turanga mo te kōtuitui o te ahurea ao. Puta, Ko te tuatahi, me te tuatahi reira, he wāhanga tōrangapū o te ora pāpori, engari e kore e anake. He tauira a Tūrongo, ko te hahi tamau e kimi Western Karaitiana, te horapa o Western tauira ohaoha me ngā uara o te hapori manapori. I te wa ano e kore e te roha o te ahurea Pākehā iti ki te tahi atu, te hapori kore-Pākehā, engari ano hoki ki te ao rite taua. Colorfully e raina te mentality Western whakaatu te hononga ki te taiao, āhuatanga e te pauraa i me te hiahia irrepressible ki te kaimahi ona ake ngākau nuitanga, e maha arata'i ki nunu'a fakatupu 'auha -. Ko te whakangaromanga o te kararehe, me te tipu momo, te kēkeno o ngā rauemi kohuke, tūkinotanga taiao, me ētahi atu Kia aroha mai, ko te āta tenei huru hinga i roto i te nuinga o nga whenua Pākehā, me te kaimau o tona tauira ahurea i roto i te whanaketanga o te mōhio taiao, te āhuatanga tonu o te p ahurea Russian he nd. Ko te nui o te otaota tata ki tetahi pa wāhi park ngahere Russian korero hoki iho, me te paera,, te tauine o te ture ngahere āhuatanga me te anga ture faatura tenei i roto i te e te tau'a tata katoa.