Transplantation o whēkau me te kopa. transplantation ōkena i roto i Russia

okana kaimahi raruraru mō te transplantation he akiaki mo te katoa o te tangata kia rite ki te katoa. mate Mō 18 iwi i nga ra katoa e tika ana ki te kore o whēkau kaituku me te kopa ngawari, a kahore e tatari mo ratou tahuri. transplantation ōkena i roto i te ao hou mō te wahi tino hanga i te iwi mate, e i roto i tona ora hainatia nga tuhinga e hāngai ana o ratou whakaaetanga ki te takoha i muri i te mate.

He aha te mea transplantation

Okana transplantation Ko te tango o whēkau kopa ngohengohe o te kaituku ranei ka whakawhiti ratou ki te kaiwhiwhi. Ko te aronga matua o Transplantation ko te transplantation o faufaa whēkau - e ko, aua mana, kahore nei oraraa e taea. Ēnei whekau ngā te ngakau, whatukuhu, me pūkahukahu. Ahakoa atu whekau pērā i te repe taiaki, e taea te whakakapi whakakapinga therapy. Ka rite ki o tenei ra, nui ngā tūmanako mō te toronga o te ora o te tangata e homai okana transplantation. Kua oti pai mahi transplantation. Tenei huringa o te ngakau, tākihi, ate, thyroid repe, taupoki io, kōateate, pūkahukahu, oko toto, kiri, wheua ngohe me te wheua ki te hanga i tētahi anga ki te tirohanga ki te kiko hou i hanga i roto i te heke mai. Hoki te wā tuatahi kawea te transplant tākihi ki te whakakore i whakapeka manawanui täkihi i roto i roto i 1954, kaituku i mahanga ōrite. transplantation ōkena i roto i Russia i tuatahi kawea atu e academician Petrovskim B. V. i 1965.

He aha e nga momo rerekē o te transplantation

I roto i te ao i reira e pera maha iwi marere i roto i te hiahia o te transplant whekau, me te kopa ngohengohe rite te pai kia rite ki ngā tikanga tuku iho o te maimoatanga o te ate, whatukuhu, pūkahukahu, ngakau, e hoatu anake te tauturu rangitahi, heoi e kore e huri faufaa huru o te manawanui. Okana transplantation vai wha momo. Ko te tuatahi o ratou - allotransplantation - e wahi i roto i te take, ina no te kaituku me te kaiwhiwhi ki te taua momo, me te rua o nga momo he Huarangawhēkau - no kaupapa e rua ki ngā momo rerekē. I roto i te take i reira te transplantation o te kopa whekau whakaputaina i ranei mahanga ōrite kararehe ranei whakaarahia rite ki te hua o te kahui consanguineous, ka karanga te mahi ko izotransplantatsiey. I roto i te take tuatahi e rua, kia wheako te kaiwhiwhi kiko makanga, meinga nei e te korero ārai o te kaiao ki te pūtau ke. A i roto i ngā tauira kiko e hāngai ana te nuinga o angitu pai. te wha o nga momo ngā autotransplantation - te huaranga kopa me whēkau i roto i te tinana.

iteraa papû

Ka rite ki whakaaturanga mahi, te angitu o te ngā mahi, ko te nuinga o tika ana ki te tātaritanga wā me te faaotiraa tika o te aroaro o contraindications, me te whēkau transplant i kawea i roto i roto i te wā. kia tohu transplantation ki te huru o te manawanui ki te aroaro o te mahi, me te i muri i. Ko te tohu matua mō te pokanga ko te aroaro o hē mahu, mate me pathologies e kore e taea te tukinotia tikanga whakaora me te hāparapara, me te whakawehi ora o te manawanui. A, no te transplantation i roto i ngā tamariki te āhuatanga tino nui ko ki te whakatau i te wa tino pai mō te pokanga. E ai ki nga tohunga o te whare kia rite ki te Institute o Transplantation, faataime pokanga kia kore e whakamana i runga i te wā te faahapa rahi roa, rite te roa i roto i te whanaketanga o te kuao tinana e taea riro tina heke. whakaaturia transplantation te i roto i te take o te waitohunga ora pai i muri i te mahi rānei i runga i te āhua o te māuiuitanga.

Transplantation o whēkau me te kopa

I roto i transplantation, te autotransplantation tino whānui, no te mea faaore te reira i incompatibility me kiko makanga. I roto i te nuinga o ngā mahi whakahaere i runga i transplantation kiri, te kiko adipose me uaua, ngohe, wheua whatiwhatinga, raru, pericardium. uaua whānui me te transplant iaia. hanga tenei i te whakawhetai taea ki te whanaketanga o te microsurgery hou, me te taputapu mo enei take. Ko te paetae nui o transplantation ko te transplantation o matimati ki te waewae i runga i te paraihe. Na roto i te transplantation autologous hoki ngā huhu o tona toto ake ki mate toto nui i roto i te pokanga. A, no te maha whakatokia allograft wheua wheua, oko toto, wheua kiko. Tenei rōpū o āwangawanga toto huhu i whanaunga. Tino uaua whakamana transplantation pokanga o te roro, kia rite ki te roa rite kei te anga tenei mahi fifi nui, engari te whakawhitinga o wāhanga takitahi kararehe pai te mahi. taiaki transplant taea ki a koe te aukati i te whanaketanga o te taua mate nui pērā i te mate huka. I roto i nga tau tata nei, 7-8 i roto i te 10 o nga ngā mahi e angitu. I te wa ano e kore whakatokia rawa te tinana katoa, ko te wahi anake - pūtau pakupaku kei e hua taiāki.

Ture i runga i transplantation ōkena i roto i te Russian Federation

I runga i te rohe o te ahumahi transplant to tatou whenua o whakaritea e te ture o te Russian Federation i 22.12.92 "I transplantation o whēkau me (ranei) kiko tangata". I roto i Russia, tino maha kawea i roto i huaranga tākihi, i ētahi wā te ngakau, ate. o te okana transplant whakaaro ture tenei āhuatanga rite te ara ki te whakaora i te ora me te hauora o tangata. Heoi, i tenei ture whakaaro he kaupapa matua te tiaki o te ora o te kaituku ki te hauora o te kaiwhiwhi. E ai ki te ture Federal i te Transplantation o whekau, Ka taea e ahanoa hei wheua wheua, ngakau, pūkahukahu, whatukuhu, ate, me te tahi atu whekau me te kopa. Ka taea te kawea Tangohanga o whēkau rite te tangata ora, me te mate. kawea okana transplantation i roto anake ki te whakaae i tuhituhia o te kaiwhiwhi. Kaituku kia anake hei tangata pakari hunga i pehia whakamātautau hauora. whakahaere okana transplantation i roto i Russia te utu o te tiaki, ka rite ki rāhuitia te hoko o whēkau e ture.

Kaituku i roto i te transplantation

E ai ki te Institute o Transplantation, Ka taea e te tangata i ia e he kaituku mō huaranga okana. Hoki tangata i raro i ma waru nga tau o tau, e hiahia ana koe whakaaetanga a ngā mātua ki te mahi. A, no te waitohu i te whakaaetanga ki te tuku whēkau i muri tātaritanga mate me te whakamātautau hauora, e taea ai e koe te whakatau e taea te whakatokia whēkau. I Hātepengia i te rārangi o kaituku mō huaranga whēkau me kawe kiko o HIV, mate huka, mate pukupuku, mate tākihi, ngakau, me te tahi atu pathologies nui. whakahaeretia te transplantation hāngai ana te nuinga o te wā mō ngā whēkau takirua - whatukuhu, pūkahukahu, me whekau unpaired - ate, whēkau, repe taiaki.

Contraindications ki transplantation

He etahi contraindications tika ki te aroaro o mate e kia kino ake ngaa rite ki te hua o te mahi me te whakawehi ora o te manawanui, tae atu mate okana transplantation. Kua wehea contraindications katoa ki e rua ngā rōpū: pūmau, me te whanaunga. Na roto i te pū ngā:

• mate hopuhopu i roto i te tahi atu whēkau i runga i te par ki te hunga e whakamahere ki te whakakapi, tae atu i te aroaro o te mate kohi, AIDS;
• tauwhatinga o te mahi o whekau faufaa, pokapū kino io;
• pukupuku;
• te aroaro o malformations me hē whanau, e kore e hototahi ki te ora.

Heoi, i roto i te wā o te faaineineraa mo te pokanga no o te maimoatanga me te whakakorenga o maha tohu o contraindications pūmau haere i roto i te kāwai o te whanaunga.

transplant tākihi

O te faufaa ngā i roto i te rongoā e te transplant tākihi. Mai te mea te okana takirua tenei, kua nekehia te reira i kore te te kaituku kitea disorders o te tinana, whakawehi tona ora. Nā ki te peculiarities o toto supply ki te tākihi whakatokia ora pai i roto i ngā kaiwhiwhi. ngā Tuatahi i runga i huaranga tākihi i whakamana i roto i te kararehe i roto i te 1902, he pūtaiao rangahau E. Ullman. A, no te ki te transplant kaiwhiwhi, ara i roto i te ngaro o maimoatanga tautoko ārai i ora pato'iraa o te okana ke he iti neke atu i te ono marama. I te tīmatanga, ko te tākihi whakatokia i roto i te huha, engari i muri mai ki te whanaketanga o te pokanga tū i transplantation pokanga i roto i tona rohe papatoiake, mahi tenei tikanga te ki tenei ra. whakamana te transplant tākihi tuatahi i roto i 1954 i waenganui i mahanga ōrite. Na ka ka puritia reira i roto i 1959. Ko te whakamātautau o te tākihi transplant mahanga fraternal, me te tikanga e whakamahia ana ki te haukoti i makanga uhi, a kua kï reira whai hua i roto i te mahi. taputapu hou e taea te ārai tikanga tūturu o te tinana, tae atu azathioprine i kitea, e Kōpeke kua tāutuhia parepare ārai o te tinana. Mai inaianei i runga i roto i transplantation kua immunosuppressants whakamahia whānui.

tinana tiaki

Tetahi okana faufaa, tikanga nei mo te transplantation kahore toto supply me te hāora, ko te kaupapa ki huringa tina heke, i muri nei te whakaaro reira kāore mō te transplantation. No te whēkau katoa, tatau tenei wā i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē - mo te ngakau, whanganga wa e i roto i meneti, mo te tākihi - he torutoru haora. Na reira, ko te ahanoa matua o te transplantation ko ki te tiaki i nga okana me mau tonu ratou mahi ki runga ki te transplant ki tetahi atu rauropi. Hei whakaoti i tēnei raruraru, te whakamahi i te kēna, e ko ki te tuku i te tinana ki te hāora, me te matao o. Tākihi kia e taea e koe te whakaora mo te torutoru nga ra. Ka taea e tiaki ōkena ake i te wa mo tona rangahau me te kōwhiringa o ngā kaiwhiwhi.

Ia o nga tinana i muri i te fariiraa i te reira tika i raro ki te tiaki, whakanohoia tenei kei roto i te ipu ki te tio horomata, ka whakahaere i te otinga tiaki motuhake i te pāmahana o te 40 degrees. Nuinga o ngā wā e whakamahia ana hoki enei otinga take i huaina Custodiol. Ko te whakaaro tino unu Perfusion ina protrudes te mangai o te uhi rua otinga rokiroki toto parakore kahore poke. I muri i whakanohoia i tenei tinana i roto i te otinga tiaki, i mahue te ki te kau o te mahi.

pato'iraa transplant

A, no te ◊auhani ko te transplant ki te rauropi kaiwhiwhi riro te reira i te ahanoa o te whakautu immunological. Ka rite ki te hua, e tuu i te maha o ngā tukanga i te taumata pūtau e arahi ki te pato'iraa o te okana whakatokia te kaiwhiwhi tiaki tauhohe pūnaha ārai mate. E faataa ēnei tukanga whakatupuranga o paturopi kaituku-motuhake, me antigens o te pūnaha ārai mate o te kaiwhiwhi. E rua ngā momo o te pato'iraa - humoral me hyperacute. I roto i te puka whakapeka whakawhanake e rua tikanga makanga.

Rehabilitation me immunosuppressive maimoatanga

Kia kore ai tenei pānga taha o te therapy immunosuppressive kua whakaritea i runga i te momo o te mahi rānei, te rōpū toto, te tohu o te hototahi o te kaituku me te kaiwhiwhi, me huru o te manawanui. I raro makanga kitea i roto i te transplantation hāngai ana o whēkau me te kopa me te i roto i tenei take, kia rite ki te tikanga, 3-4 antigen i 6 hāngai. Na reira, he horopeta iti o immunosuppressants. whakaatu te ora pai ate transplant. E whakaatu ana Practice e whakaatu te tinana he auau ora-tau kotahi tekau atu atu i muri i te pokanga i te 70% o tūroro. tauhohenga auroa o te kaiwhiwhi, me te uhi microchimerism puta, tuku wa ki te āta whakaiti i te horopeta o immunosuppressants tae noa oti makanga o ratou.