Ture mo te Haumaru Ahi. Ngā pūnaha haumaru ahi. Ko te haumaru ahi he ...

meinga ahi kino nui. I roto i te nuinga o te wā e haere tahi ratou e te whakangaromanga e kore anake o whare, taputapu, ratonga engineering, engari ano hoki te mate o te ora. I roto i tenei whakaaro, kua meinga te tiaki tūturu o te haumaru ahi tenei ra. I te taumata kāwanatanga whāngai ngā ture whakahaere i tēnei wāhi. Next, tango i te titiro, he aha te haumaru ahi o nga whare, me te mea e ti'a mehua haumaru kia tangohia ki te ārai me te ahi whawhai.

Overview

Ko te whakaaro o te tiaki ahi ko te rapu o te whai hua tino, whaitake, me te öhanga ka whakatikaia ai i te wāhi hangarau o te tirohanga, tikanga, me ngā tikanga o te ārai ahi me te haepapatanga. Ko te mahi matua - ki te whakaiti kino i roto i te whakamahi tino kouma o tikanga kaha me te pehanga. haumaru Fire - ko reira he āhua o te ahanoa, i roto i nei matua tutakina te tūponotanga o pātīmata. I roto i te take o tona tupu i roto i te anga o te tiaki e whakaratohia ana mō te mehua e tika ana. Ko te whāinga matua whaia e haumaru ahi - ko te whakakorenga o nga pānga kino o ngā āhuatanga mōrearea o te ahi i runga i te iwi, rawa rauemi me ngā rauhanga.

turanga normative

Ko te mahi ture matua whakahaere te tukanga, kia rite ki nei tāutatia haumaru ahi - ko te ture Federal №69. Ko te ture ture i roto i te toi, ko te hanga i te mana nga tuhinga e hāngai ana, whakahaua nei mahi ko ki te whakahaere o whanaunga tūmatanui mo te tiaki. kawea whanaketanga o ture i te tinana matua kei te roto i roto i te tikanga i whakaritea e te Kawanatanga. E te tika ki te waihanga me te whakapai, i roto i o ratou tuhinga mātau, nga tikanga o nei e hāngai ana ki te whakarite me te whakapakari i te tiaki o ngā ki ahi Kaupapa o te whenua. Me tautuku i tetahi tikanga haumaru kia ahi ranei ki nga whakaritenga e hānga ana whānui.

Whanaketanga me te whāngai o mehua

Ture "I Haumaru Ahi" te kaiwhakau ia etahi whakaritenga mō mehua tiaki. Whanaketanga o mehua kawea atu i roto i runga i te anga ture i roto i te kaha i roto i te whenua, me te i runga i te pūtake o te wheako o e pā ana ki te mau hopearaa o ahi, te aromātai o te mana rauemi, matū, hua, tukanga, hanganga, whare me te hangahanga. whakatakoto "I Fire Safety" ture kaituku (kaiwhakanao) ki te pupuri i te tuhinga hangarau e hāngai ana mō ngā hua. I roto i te reira, ki te kahore hoki te whakaahuatanga, i reira kia kia tohutohu mō te whakamahi. Ko te āhuatanga hangarau o nga hua me whakapūtā koe te piha haapiiraa ahi hua haumarutanga. He mea tika ki te tīpako i te tikanga o te tukatuka me te transportation.

Nga mana mātau, kia whakarato whakawhanake whakaurunga haumaru ahi rongoā, i roto i nei e kia whakaratohia te hōneatanga o te iwi. kia whakatinana i tēnei tūmahi i te wā hoahoa. No te hinonga me pūtahi katoa, ahakoa o ratou ahua o te mana, kia whakawhanakehia reira mahere haumaru ahi. Ia, i roto i era atu mea, kia ngā mehua ki te whakarite i te tiaki o ngā kaimahi, me te taupori o te wāhi e karapoti ana. Me ngā pūnaha haumaru ahi whakaaetia e te kāwanatanga, me te rohe mana.

Whakarato tiaki ki te ahi i roto i te hinonga

haumaru Fire - ko reira tetahi o nga āhuatanga matua o te ahanoa. I runga i tona taumata tata o te tiaki, ka rite ki te pai kia rite ki te whai huatanga o te mehua pohewatia. Ki te whakarite i te tiaki o te rohe o te hinonga, pātengi raraunga, me te pupuri i poke rokiroki. I muri i te otinga o te rohe ki te kia horoia otaota i wahie koraha, tākai me te tahi atu rauemi ahei o te hanga i te tūpono o te ahi. Me auau te tikanga reira o, kaweake i roto i ngā wāhi rawa whakaritea.

kia whakarato te mahere haumaru ahi uru noa ki katoa whakaurunga, whare, huānga hanganga. kia tonu kia tuwhera tomokanga me te haere ki ngā puna wai. I runga i te whare i te po kia mahi rama. hipi rāhuitia, tahu ururua, rauemi tākai me ngā roto i te hinonga. Me whakaratohia te tikanga tuatahi o te tupohe i roto i runga i nga rekureihana ngā whakahaere, rokiroki, production, hokohoko, me te tahi atu whakaurunga. e kore te Smoking tukua i roto i te rohe o te whare putunga me wāhi hokohoko. Ki tenei mutunga, me ngā te wahi motuhake. Me kia pūrere tiaki tatau me tatau hangarau i roto i te tuanui me te taiepa roto i roto i te mahi tikanga.

A, no te whiti i te aukati ahi e kore e rerekē kōrero ki te wahi pakaru i waenganui i nga hanganga ô i te hua ngingiha. Me kia arawhata Waho me kohukohu i runga i nga tuanui o ngā whare i roto i te huru pai. Storage horoia rauemi hanga o ngā pouaka whakarewa motuhake ki te tapo'io te. I muri te raveraa i te tākai tika mahi kia watea tawhetawhe i. kaimahi Clothing te whakamahi i peita, varnishes, hinu, kia puritia i roto i cabinets whakarewa e kia tāuta i roto i ngā wāhi motuhake. Local mahi normative me whakaturia te raupapa i roto i i tū i te tirohanga haumaru ahi.

kāwai o ngā

E ai ki te SNP, e tahuri iho production ki 6 ngā rōpū i te pahūtanga, pūmate taikaha me te ahi:

• A - tipu mā te whakamahi i hau combustible, te taumata raro o te pātīmata i te mea ki runga ki te 10%. Ko te kupu kia hanga i taua māngai pūhui taikaha i roto i te rōrahi nui atu i te 5% o te rōrahi o te wāhi. Na roto i te Kāwai ngā ano te te hinonga i reira e whakamahia nga haurehu me te wai e taea o te pāhekoheko ki te hāora, te wai ranei ki ia atu ki te tahu me te pahū.
• B - Production, e hau e whakamahia ki te taumata o raro o te pātīmata o neke atu i te 10%. Ki tenei kāwai ngā ano te hinonga i reira nga muka combustible me puehu i te rohe pahūtanga raro o 65 g / m ³ iti iho ranei.
• B - Production te wahi e hāngai wai pūkākā ki te mata flash o neke atu i te 610 nga nekehanga. Tenei kāwai ngā tipu mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi totoka, e e taea ki te tahu i waho makape ki runga ki whakapā ki te wai, te hau ranei ki ia atu.
• T - production wahi whakamahi rauemi kore-combustible me pūhui i roto i te mea whakarewa, aano atu huru wera ranei, me te haurehu, totoka, me te mahi wai rite wahie.
• D - hinonga i ai te tukatuka o rauemi kore-combustible me rauemi mata i roto i te huru makariri.
• E - production te wahi e whakamahia rauemi taikaha i roto i te nui o neke atu i te 5% o te rōrahi o te wāhi me te wahi, i roto i runga i te tikanga tukanga kia puta pakaru anake kahore tahu. Ki tenei kāwai ngā ano hinonga tono he pūhui e taea e te tauhohenga ki te hāora, te wai ranei ki ia atu ki te pahū.

rohe kāwai

I roto i runga ki te EMP, whakaritea nei e te pūrere hiko i roto i ngā wāhi ahumahi me te i roto i ngā tautuhinga waho, te paearu matua ko te piha o te haumaru ahi. hanga teie mahana e rave rahi ngā kāwai o ngā rohe. I roto i ngā, taratahi:

• Class B. tenei kāwai ngā te tapawha i runga e kia hanga ranunga taikaha o haurehu me kohu ki rangi i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere noa.
• Class B-1a. I ēnei wāhi i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere noa e kore e hanga i ranunga taikaha, engari ko reira taea hei he me ngā aituā.
• ahi piha haumaru B-1b. Kei roto i tēnei te rohe i reira nga kohu combustible me hau ki pātīmata tiketike te taumata o raro me te kakara titohea, me te hanga, e kia hanga ranunga taikaha, te rōrahi o te mea whakahaere rōrahi nui atu i te 5%.
• Class B-1B. Kei roto i tēnei tāutanga waho, te wahi i te taikaha wai, kohu me hau.
• Class B-2. I roto i tenei tukatuka wāhi kāwai whakamana te puehu combustible me muka taea o hanga ranunga taikaha i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere noa.
• Class 2a B. Kei roto i tēnei rohe i reira kia hanga muka pūkākā, me te puehu pūhui taikaha i roto i te take o te arā aituā ranei.
• Class II-1. Tenei kāwai ngā te hanga, e roto i wai he pūkākā.
• Class II-2. I ngā reira puehu combustible, te rohe kukū raro o nui ake i 65 g / m3.
• Class II-2a. Tenei kāwai ngā te hanga, i roto i nei e reira i roto i te āhua totoka matū pūkākā, taea ki te haere ki te whakatārewatanga.
• Class II-3. Tenei kāwai ngā te tāutanga, e kei wai pūkākā me pūhui mārō.

haumaru ahi i roto i hararei te Tau Hou o te

Rooms i roto i nei e kawea ngā mahi i roto i papatipu kore e waiho i runga te rua o te patunga witi, me te whai 2 whakaputanga. E ai ki nga ture, kia rite ki nei te ahi haumaru me whakarite i roto i te kari, kura, kia whakanohoia ētahi atu whare, i roto i ngā wāhi wātea tupohe i āpiha. kia whakanohoia te rakau Kirihimete i runga i te tu pūmau. Kei te whakanohoia atu te reira i taputapu whakawera me whakaputanga. Manga e kore e pa ki nga pihi, pihi, me ētahi atu rauemi he pūkākā.

Te tukanga, kia rite ki whakarite nei ahi haumaru i roto i kōhungahunga, kura me ētahi atu whare, ka taea te whakamahi ki te whakapaipai i electrogarlands wheketere production. Me tukinotia kākahu, huruhuru, tākaro whāriki katoa ki mura retardant. Hoki tona production tango 150 go o houra, a rewa 50 go o māngaro i roto i te wai mahana (1 L). kakahu, me tākaro haurangi i roto i reira mo te 10 meneti, ka maroke.

Te tukanga, kia rite ki whakarite nei ahi haumaru i roto i kōhungahunga, kura me ētahi atu whakanōhanga opani te whakamahi mo te hanga o whakapaipai Kirihimete rauemi combustible. Kaua e whakamahi i mumura, sparklers, kānara, firecrackers i roto i ngā kaupapa. He tu roa, rakau maroke, kua hanga nei o te rauemi waihanga Ngā whakawehi. I roto i parariraa emit ratou pūhui paitini kino.

haumaru ahi i roto i ngā rōpū Eva i te Tau Hou o te whakaratohia e te pūtahi haepapa. Me te hui hakari i runga i te ohipa i roto i te whakahaere. Ko te kawenga matua o te kaiwhakahaere o te whare. I mua i ki te kia kawea te mahi i roto i ngā arowhai haumaru ahi.

NSOM

Ki te whakarite i te tiaki o ngā rawa, te ora me te hauora o te iwi i roto i te tari, i roto i ngā wheketere, me te i roto i te wāhi e karapoti ana Me ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere haumaru ahi. Ko te kaupapa ki te whakamātautau tūmatanui te tuhinga. Ko te tono matawai he huinga oti, tae atu ki ngā hoahoa, drawings, me ētahi atu pepa. Making mahere haumaru ahi, he mea tika ki te rapu i te āwhina o ngaio mātau. I roto i te whanaketanga tango me ki pūkete te hanganga āhuatanga o te whare, me te tukanga hoki tona mahi. Kei Natl o tuhi me ngā wāhanga kauwhata. Kia titiro tatou ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

poraka kuputuhi

Kei roto te reira i:

• Tātaitanga o mōrea me haumaru whakaritenga.
• He rārangi, me te whakamārama o ngā wāhi i reira whakanohoia koutou taputapu paruru, mahi reira me ngā pūrongo i te āhuatanga hanganga katoa o te whare.
• ahanoa haumarutanga Kāwai.
• Whakaahuatanga o te whakaaro supply wai i waho whare me te tohu o te ara tomokanga ki te toi.
• Kia mōhio te tawhiti tangohia i waenganui i nga wahi, hinonga waho, ai whakaratohia rawaka haumarutanga.
• Measures ki te hanga i nga tikanga e tika ana mo te whakakorenga o te pātīmata.
• Solutions ki te whakarite i te tiaki o te iwi i roto i te ahi.
• Rārangi o whakaurunga, ngā utanga, me te taputapu, hono nei te ki te whakaoho aunoa me e riro nei ki raro ki te tiaki whakahauanga o āpiha tupohe i.

wahi kauwhata

Kei roto te reira i:

• kaupapa tiaki ahi.
• wāhanga tuhi ki etahi rori wāhi mō te mīhini me rori ki te waiho i te rohe.
• Ko te mahere hōneatanga.

āhuatanga haaputuraa

Mahere i hanga stepwise. kia tukanga waihanga kaupapa here e aroturuki e te tangata mana. Ka rite ki reira te tikanga te kaimahi te kaitirotiro ahi. I roto i runga ki te GOST ture te mahere whanaketanga, kia te wahi whakairoiro kia hanga mārama, me te ohie rite taea, no te mea te mea he hoho'a. Me mau te reira ki pūkete ara motuhake e iti hoahoanga, rawa pūnaha ventilation, rere o te hau, rohe paowa taea. tango me ki pūkete tetahi āhuatanga e taea pā i te akoranga o te hōneatanga o iwi i te whare. kia ako i te take o te kohikohi papatipu i roto i te wāhanga kuiti ki te tiaki ngā. Ko ētahi o ēnei, i roto i ngā, ngā arapiki, hallways, tatau. kore me kiato i roto i ēnei wāhanga nui 9 ia mita tapawha.

pūnaha haumaru

Ko te whakaaro o tona hanganga tavini matua ki te ārai i te ahi. I te wa ano kia whakaratohia ki te tiaki i te iwi, me te taonga, ka mura. Kei ngā nga tūemi e whai ake nei i roto i te pūnaha haumaru ahi:

• Ko te matatini o te mehua whakahaere, me te hangarau.
• Measures ki te ārai ahi.
• pūnaha tiaki ahi.

Measures mō te ārai o te pātīmata kėia he matatini motuhake, te whakakore i te tūponotanga o rawa ngā uara whakaae o te mōrea. uara Tepe whakaturia i roto i runga i te ture i runga-whakahuatia "I Haumaru Ahi". He huinga o te mehua e hāngai ana i te ārai i te tūponotanga, me te kino hua i te ahi. tūponotanga Whakarerenga o takanga o te āhuatanga ahi tutuki e te ārai i te kamupene, institution, whakahaere hanga he tikanga taiao combustible mō te hanga puna pātīmata ranei.

Ko te whakaaro o te tiaki o te matatini, ko te ki te whakarite tikanga e tika ana mo te ārai o te pānga kino iti ranei. tutuki tēnei whāinga e whakaiti i te akiaki o te tupu o mōrearea, hōneatanga me ngā mahi pehanga. ki te whakarite pūnaha tiaki ahi ka rerekē ātete ki te pānga kino o te ahi mo te wā i te mea e tika ana mo te whakakorenga PE. I roto i runga ki tenei taputapu, i roto i nei ki te whakamōhiotanga, te mana kite, me te hōneatanga, whakahaere i roto i te aratau ore. I roto i tenei pūnaha kē me kia aunoa.

I roto i te mutunga

I teie mahana, kua whakaritea te whenua whakaritenga tino i runga i te haumaru ahi i roto i hinonga me pūtahi. Ko te ture tukua tiaki tika o te taonga me te iwi. Tūkinotanga o te haumaru ahi e taea meinga nunu'a mamafa, me te ētahi wā tina heke. I roto i tenei whakaaro, tightened reira me te kawenga o rangatira, kaitirotiro, kaiwhakahaere mō te mahi hē o whakahau.