Wai te ahi: ngā whakaritenga Taki

Hei wāhanga o ngā whare noho, tūmatanui, me te ahumahi whakarato pūnaha pehanga ahi. Ko tētahi o nga tikanga whai hua te nuinga o taua te supply hongere wai e whakamahia nei mō te tahi atu mau tumu i roto i ngā motuhake o te ahanoa. Te taha whakahaua nga rārangi o te wai wai te ki te teihana köurarangi me atu - ki te whakatikatika i te arotahi. wai te ahi ki te mahi tika o ratou mahi mo te wa roa, i te tiaki i te kawenga tino arotau, kia pai ai ki whakamātautau auau, me te tiaki.

Ko te hoahoa o te supply wai

ahi pūnaha wai - he reira e kore anake te supply, me te tango i kararehe o awa wai. Ko te katoa pūrere hanganga, oko me taputapu, kahore nei i e tonu tika hono ki te ratonga kawe wai tenei. Otiia, tata katoa raina pūnaha ahi i hanga i runga i nga paipa turanga parahi, wahi ranei ona, e hono e kakano ia. wähanga mātua ko te paipa, me te piha - hei rauemi tino pai mo tenei wahi whakamahia te mahi rino, i te iti rawa te tono parahi ranei. Kei te hangaia te warou mō hononga ki ngongo ahi, ki te he te reira i te pūnaha ahi-whawhai pūkoro.

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, tetahi o nga ngā tukatuka ratonga hongere wai ko te papu. Ka taea e waiho he teihana papu pēhanga teitei taea o te taviniraa maha sprinkler takere rere te wai pūkoro me te pahoho tenei. Ano i roto i te paipa whakaratohia mō te ture me te shutoff vaolo, whakakā, tāke, me pera nga pūhohe. D. kia rerekē te whirihoranga o te whakanohonga o enei whakaaro i runga i te aha kaupapa whakatinana tika te ahi wai i roto i te hanganga o te ahanoa ngā rānei. Ko te kupu, i reira he tikanga ā-waho hoki o te noho kōrero.

Fire wai waho

tikanga tāutanga Outdoor me mahi o te wai ahi ko te pai, ka tae mai te reira ki maka ana kaupapa hanga nui ki te whakamahi o te tikanga hangarau motuhake. I roto i ngā, arotahi te nuinga o nga pūnaha o tenei momo i runga i te tiaki o ngā whare o runga ki te 1000 m3. Ki te whakaaro ki ngā momo motuhake o ngā, wai ahi waho whakamahia hoki tata whakaurunga hanga katoa o ngā akomanga B, kua whakaaetia hoki D me E. reira tinei hangars, terminals, warehouses.

Te rere te wai i roto i tenei take, ko te pā ana ki 10 l / s. Tenei uara toharite rite te uara takahi mōrahi e taea tae me 35 l / s. Heoi, i roto i te take o ngā noho me te tūmatanui e whāiti ngā whakaritenga o pikaunga i runga i nga raina whatunga me tohatoha wai. I mua-tātai me te taumata o te pēhanga ki i kawea te wai i roto. Hei tauira, te uara tūtohutia e te whakamahi i te pēhanga iti ko 10 m Ki te whakanui ake i te maha o te kaha whakapaparanga kia whakapiki ake i te tere o -. 4 m Per papa. Ahakoa te cardinality tohu ātaahua pērā i te wai te ahi waho e kore he whai hua i roto i te mahi ki te puna ā-o pātīmata tonu. Fakatatau ki ai, i roto i taua āhuatanga maha whakamahi i te rārangi supply wai ā-.

Fire paipa roto

E tautuhia whakahaere paerewa o ā-supply wai ahi i roto i te wāhanga e hāngai ana o Katikati 2.04.01-85 taua. E whakarato ana tēnei i te whawhai ahi supply wai i roto i ngā whare ahumahi, me te tūmatanui, ahakoa o ratou kāwai. Ko te tiketike o te supply wai e taea e 50 m, me te rōrahi ki runga ki te 50 mano. ^M3. Hoki nga whare fare wai ahi ā-whakarato te tere kai toharite o te wai ki te 1.5 l / s - ki te, kia āhei kua whakaritea nga diameters o nga ngongo me nozzles ki 38 mm.

Ko te whakawhetai ki te awa kuiti o taua pūnaha taea tuku reo ki altitudes teitei te reira. Hoki tenei take, ratou whakamahi he koretake ki te tiaki ki whare iti-ara ahi. E whakaurua te nuinga o enei hanganga ki te hanganga o ngā hōhipera, ngā kura, whare wānanga, fare whakaminenga, whare ahumahi.

Ko te mahi matua whakamana e te wai ahi ā-, ko ki te ārai i te horapa o te ahi i roto i te ngā motuhake. Na reira, ki te i roto i te take o te wai whakaaro matua waho ko ki te whakarato rārangi pūkoro ki karekau, e arahina ana e sprinklers pahoho, integrated i roto i ngā wāhi tuanui te pūnaha ā-roto. kia sprinkler me waipuke nozzles ki whakaaro rerekē o nozzles hāngai manene o rūrūtia kohu ranei tenei. rerekē taua whakaaro matatini constructional, engari painga ratou ko te taea o te whakahaere i roto i te aratau aunoa.

Tirohia hoki te ngaronga inu

I roto i te tukanga o te arowhai pūnaha i runga i te ngaronga te wai tata te rite tohu pēhanga i runga i te kātua matua o te pēhanga ture e hāngai ana. Tenei taki taea ki a koe te tutaki ki overloads i runga i te raina, me te ārai i ngā aituā. Whakamātautau i runga i te ngaronga wai e wahi rua te tau. tīpakohia wā Test e hāngai i runga i te wā i roto i nei i reira ko te whakamahi i te wai tino kaha i roto i te whare. Hei tauira, i roto i te wa raumati. I roto i tenei kōrero kia tirotirohia i te pēhanga i raro i roto i te raina pokapū matua. Tenei ka tukua ki te whakatau tata i te hongere o wāhitanga mahi i roto i te tikanga iti rawa pai.

heheu hoki Haunga te pēhanga raina Taki ahi taumata teitei wāhanga jet whāiti, te rōrahi o te kohi wai me te pēhanga i te piha. Otiia rawa ki te hanga e kore e te inenga rerekē i roto i nuinga o te wā e hiahiatia ana, mai i te kōtuitui o enei tohu. Hei tauira, te pēhanga ki runga ki te kātua matua e hāngai ki te hunga i roto i te tap. A i te iti rawa te rere raraunga me te tiketike o te kōpana pupuri i roto i täkupu.

E taki ana mō te ngaronga inu iho e kawea i roto i raupapa mō hydrants ahi, e kua te tawhiti rahi i te teihana papu. Ki te haere te raina ki te kawenga i te torutoru cranes - ia o ratou kua ki te whakahohe. E whakamahia tae vaolo pātata me kōrero hono ki te riser, hono nei te ki te ahi wai. Whakaritenga Kei te tuhia te reira e kia ana te ruri te pēhanga anake i runga i te tap supply matua. Ranei, i ētahi wā, mo te haratau, koutou e taea te whakahaere i te pūnaha ahi piha tino vysokoraspolozhenny.

Ine pūrere mō te whakamātautau

Pressure inenga Ko te tawhā matua, ka pera ano te mehua te taputapu matua i roto i te whakamātautau. Ko te tikanga ine fakahū ki gauges pēhanga whakamahia hoki taua take. te kōkuhu i te mutunga o te mua whakaratohia e te matenga hononga motuhake.

Ki te whakaaro ki te whakanohonga o ngā pūrere, te tūranga tino arotau ko waenganui i te ngongo ahi me te takirere. Tika eke mauhaa mehua i runga i te whakauru. Ki te kore koe e taea e te hono tika, he reira taea ki te whakamahi i te ngongo wai mita ngāwari e taea hoki ki te whakawhiti i te nui o te pēhanga ki runga ki te tauine manometer.

Tei runga i te raina ahi whāinga whakamātautau Test kia ngā atu tawhā me inenga. Hei tauira, te pāmahana. Ko hoki tenei te mea e tika ana ki te whakamahi i te mehua pēhanga ngā ranei ki te mahi o te ine pāmahana, ranei pūrere bimetal ahumahi ki pūoko ruri waho.

Taki huānga pūnaha

I tua atu ki te taki o tawhā metrological, me te mahi hanganga wai ahi whakamatauria hoki me te huru hangarau o ona wāhanga. Ko te ahanoa matua o te whakaū i roto i te ahi manakohia oko. e kore e whakamatauria ratou tonu i roto i te anga o te arowhai i runga i te ngaronga te wai, na utua reira atu te rangahau motuhake.

Ngaro o roimata, deformities me hē i runga i te mata o te kātua - te paearu matua e ai ki te arotake i tēnei wāhanga, me te wai te ahi ā-. Whakaritenga mō ngā pūnaha waho, me te ā-tuatahi whakahau e kia waiho te ā-ngahaú putanga diameters i roto i te whānuitanga 13-19 mm. uara tīkina Toharite - 16 mm.

Kei te takina hoki nga karekau ki te tapatahi, me te rahi. I roto i ngā, ka taea e te roa ringaringa e 10, 15 ranei 20 m. Ki te whakaaro ki te diameter, ngā ratou i 51 ki te 66 mm. tīpakohia te rahi ngā o te oko, me te ringaringa hoki e rite ki te momo o te ahanoa ka mahi ki te firefighting tātai whakaritenga.

E te ara, whakamatautau te supply wai ahi ā-pā hoki ki te tātaritanga o te kounga o te sprinklers ki ngā āhuatanga ratou hoahoa. Artists aromatawai ratou tapatahi, te kounga o te supply wai, te tapatahi o te wāhanga me ngā hononga rawakore. Tata E titiro whakamua nga pūnaha te aroaro o Faarii wai, e ai kia huaina mana tūtatari. E takina Tanks o tenei momo mo tapatahi, me te kounga o te hononga ki te kōrero raina supply wai.

Aromatawai me te rēhitatanga o ngā hua whakamātautau

I roto i ia take, ka kia rerekē nga tawhā pai, no te mea i taea e te reira i te paipa kaupapa takitahi. i titiro te tohu pēhanga te rite te paearu taketake. Ko tōna uara i runga i te tikanga utaina ki runga ki nga hanganga ka hei uara tino arotau i kitea i roto i te otinga hoahoa. I roto i tetahi take he raina whakaū ahi pai e anake, ki te taua taputapu tapatahi, me te whakatau tawhā hangarau motuhake - te roa, diameter, etc ...

I muri whakatika nga hua whakamātautau ko te tuhinga motuhake. I roto i ngā, tuhia e te whakamātautau he kawa e tuhi raraunga rite ki te hua o te mate wai o te whakamātautau kaha. Te mōhiohio tuhinga errata e pā ana ki te pēhanga i te kakau me te piha. I te wa ano i whakaputaina reira he mahi o te aho ahi, e tohu ana i te wa, me te wahi o nga whakamātautau, me te mōhiohio e pā ana ki te whare, me te mau tonu i te taputapu. Detail pania ka whakamatauria āhuatanga o kōrero - .. Hei tauira, te momo o te kātua, rauemi ngongo, te rahi mata, me ētahi atu e rua ngā tuhinga e iku e haina e nga mema o te komiti katoa e whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga whakaū.

Whakaritenga Haumarutanga

I roto i te whakamātautau, me ū ngā kaiuru i roto i te tirohanga ki te ture haumaru. Tuatahi o te katoa, ki te whakamātautau tūturu whakaaetia tangata e whakangungua tika mo te whāwhā o te raina taputapu ahi. Me whai ia kaiuru he kakahu motuhake ki te wai-atiati paninga. Me ū Āhuatanga o ona kopa kawenga, mahi ai ki te wai examinee.

Ko te tikanga, kei te puritia taua ngā i roto i landfills motuhake, engari i roto i ētahi wā i te mea e tika ana ki te arotake i te mahi o te pūnaha rite te katoa, te taniwha tirohia e kawea i roto i runga i-pae mahi taputapu. I roto i taua āhuatanga, hei tauira, whakamātautau i runga i te mate inu taea te whakamana anake i roto i te mau taime, no te kore e kawe te supply o te kōpana te riri o haere iwi me te waka.

Roto te whare Me whakarato hoki te tiaki ahi supply wai, ki te manatoko mahitahi pūtake anga, papu me sprinklers. Mai whai wāhi ai uaua tika te whakatinanatanga o te maha o whawhe taiwhanga e aroha tono ki te faaineine i te huinga whānui o ngā taputapu, me te oko e te hunga e tika ana mō te momo ngā o whare tap.

whakaritenga tiaki

kia huru Hangarau ki te whakamahia hanganga kei te wā e takina i te iti rawa e rua i te tau. taki te reira i te putorino, ata, tendons, whare tūhonohono, karekau ki kahiwi, ahi cabinets me ētahi atu pūrere, me taputapu. Ki te tika, mahi te tokotoko te taviniraa mahi tiaki, te huri i te wahi tawhito, faaapî te wai lubricating i roto i te papu, me te hanga nekeneke hau huringa hoahoa.

kia whanau te reira i roto i te ngakau e kia whai i te āhua o te pūnaha wai te pā tōraro i runga i te whai huatanga o te mahi ahi-whawhai kore anake, engari ano hoki i runga i te haumaru o te whare whare ranei ki te piri nei te reira. Hei tauira, i raro i kawenga pēhanga teitei noa waho te riri o te ahi putorino iahiko e taea takirihia mawhiti i pūhui kiritea, meinga rawa rauemi kino.

Me ki tenei ahi ratonga pānga wai take hauora me te aho ano. Kaimahi te aromātai i te kounga o te teihana köurarangi me te pūmautanga o te wai i te puna matua. Ki te tika, hanga hoki e ratou whakatikatika ki te tawhā o te pēhanga, me te hua o te taputapu ki optimally ōrite te whakaritenga o te haumaru ahi mo te wā o nāianei.

mutunga

whakaratohia te kī ki te whakaū angitu me te mahi pai o te wai ahi te i te wā o te hoahoa me te tāuta mahi. Mataotao whakatau tango takiwa whakapanga kouma mō ngā kaupapa ki pūkete nga hydrants pea, te kutētē teihana me te rārangi supply wai. Ki te enei wāhanga i mahi mahi uaua, he mea pea atu ki te ahi i te wai whakaatu hanganga ture me ngā ture ki runga ki tukua te wai, me ngā whakaritenga hangarau.

I roto i te kounga o te tap hanganga me te mahi heke mai ka whakawhirinaki i runga i ētahi atu āhuatanga. Hei tauira, me pehea tatou tiaki te tukuwai taua i roto i te hotoke. No iti whakapeka me pātai ki wāhi mō te waka. Tata whare tūmatanui, me te hanga whakaurunga e tika ana ki te whakarato mo te waka o engines ahi. I te tino iti rawa, kia tatou kia rite arawaka me rori ki te puna tata o te wai ahakoa o te wa.

E riro te reira he tikanga i ki te whakarato mō te mana me te motuhake e. Tikanga, te teihana köurarangi ki te mana aunoa o te mahi hiko, na ka ka tukua he generator tārua te inihua i roto i te hui o te ohorere mutu te rere o nāianei i te raina pokapū.