YaMZ-236: nga āhuatanga, te mana pūrere

YaMZ-236 - te diesel pūkaha rongonui, e hua OJSC "Autodiesel" mua Yaroslavl Motor Plant. riro tenei V-āhua "ono" Kua rongonui i roto i te Soviet Union, me i muri i tona tiango - a roto katoa te Kihi. Kei te whakamahia te pūkaha ki te wa nei i roto i ngā taraka, tarakihana me matini. Ka taea te kitea te reira i runga i taua waka mohiotia rite Mace, KRAZ, Ural, Zil me tarakihana K-700.

Katia hoa tenei tauira ko YaMZ-238 8 rango me YMZ-240 - 12 tsilidrovy. He maha putanga ki tau rerekē o te horsepower YaMZ-236.

History o hanga

I roto i te tau 1950 riro te tipu Yaroslavl tikanga motuhake te kāwanatanga ki te hanga i te engines diesel atu kaha, i nga ki te whakakapi tawhitotia he tākupu. Ko enei motors ki riro atu kaha, me te ake economical atu ratou matua. I te tahi atu te ringa, hiahia te kāwanatanga ki te tiki i te pūkaha parariraa ā ao, e taea te tono i runga i rama rerekē o waka.

I raro i te arata'iraa o te kaihoahoa tino me te pūtaiao USSR Honoured kua Chernyshova GD YaMZ-236 kua hanga, me te te toenga o te whānau o engines diesel taua wa. Ia whakawhanakehia hoki te kore iti wae raupapa rongonui mō te KAMAZ.

Ko te kupu i whanau i te pūkaha parariraa ā, e te tonu pai-mohiotia ki tokomaha. Kei te kaha nui, te tika, ngāwari ki te hanga, tiaki ngāwari, me manawapa wahi cheap. te ora roa, me te maintainability tukua ki a ia pono te mahi mō ngā tau e maha.

production inaianei

Ki te rā, tonu production YaMZ-236, ahakoa i reira he kē he mono YaMZ-530. Rōrahi hokona e kore e motors hinga, engari e tika ana ki te mahi hōia i roto i Ukraine mutu te tuku o te Kremenchug whakaminenga motokā tipu, i whakaputaina nga taraka KrAZ rongonui. O te akoranga, ngaro Yaroslavl wheketere hokohoko pūkaha wāhanga, engari e kore i taua production heke.

Whakatakotoranga me taputapu

he mahi feunga nui YaMZ-236. Kei te rite rawa te reira ki ono ipurau, e kua whakaritea i roto i te whakarara, me te whai i te koki honga o 90 nekehanga. tukua Fuel te tika ki te ipurau, e ko, te momo i werohia tika. 16.5 Pressure i roto i te huru pūkaha. Ko te kōkeke he diameter 130 mm i te turanga, me te 140 mm i roto i te whakatinanatanga hanga o, he te nekehanga 140 mm.

eke te pūkaha wahie papu pēhanga teitei, me injectors momo aunoa, e he tika, ka mahi i werohia i ia rango. Ia poraka matenga he piha 6 - 3 3 o te kokoru me putanga.

pūnaha meangiti - wai takoha tohanga, kawea nei i roto i na tikanga o papu wai. Ko te actuator Ko te whitiki i tītaka te papu tauru i te wīra kawau hake.

YaMZ-236 kua he kaha o 11 rita awhe kaha i 150 ki te 420 horsepower. I roto i te tauira whakamutunga, kua reira kua nui haere ki te 500 hp I roto i te hononga ki te tariffs teitei mō kaiwhakanao wahie YaMZ-236, te auau rere o nei i 40 rita ia 100 km, tenei ahua heke ki te 25 l.

Ko te tipu te mana matua i roto i te maka rino tae noa ki 2010, tae noa ki i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakawhiti a ia ki te konumohe, me te te matenga puoto. hanga tenei e taea ki te faaohie i te tukanga mō te pakaru me te hōhā i te kaki rango me honingovka riro tika atu. I roto i tenei take e kore e te ngaro te poraka wae kaha o mua.

āhuatanga Main YaMZ-236 tohu e te pūkaha he hanga āhua ohie, tuku mo te ngāwari hanga me te mahi.

whakatikatikanga

YaMZ-236, i hanga whakarerekētanga e te ringa, e titau te reira kahore taputapu motuhake. Kei roto te reira i te rota o ngā mahi. A feruri i te whawhe taketake e kia kawea i roto i:

• Te huri i te mapuni, e te hanga mā te whakamahi i te uiuia ai motuhake tikanga mo YAMZ-236. pūrere nekeneke taea ki a koe te mahi i tenei mahi i te tango i te taupoki takirere.
• Whakarite i te mamau, atu āta, ka karanga he tukanga whakatautika. Kei te kawea te reira i roto i runga i te tu motuhake.
• Te huri i te supply wahie i roto i te papu i werohia.

Kua kawea ngā mahi katoa i roto i faatanoraa anake i roto i te motokā hanga, kia rite ki taputapu motuhake e hiahiatia, i te mea uaua ki te kitea i roto i te karati.

ratonga

Ko te tino māmā te mahi diesel engine YaMZ-236, ki te matau koutou pehea me aha ki te mahi. A feruri i te ngā mahi taketake e kua whakaurua i roto i te mahi:

1. huringa Oil. Ko te tikanga e tūtohu ana ki te whakamahi i te hinu engine mō engines diesel o te momo M10G2K.
2. Ko te whakakapinga o huānga tātari. He maha ngā whiriwhiringa e kia kia whakakapia nga 15 000 km te nekeneke. Tenei tātari hinu, te makaka huānga tātari me te wahie horoi pai, remkoplekty whiriwhiringa katoa.
3. Faatanoraa e werohia, kia hoatu ai noa - pupuhi nozzles.
4. Whakakapi gaskets matenga puoto hipokina me matenga rango. I roto i ētahi wā, te huri i te moenga rauemi cushioning.
5. Tightening whakakapi i te whitiki puku ranei.

Here, i roto i te parau tumu, me ngā mahi tiaki katoa, e kua whakahaeretia i runga i YaMZ-236. Mea katoa atu e te huri i roto i te hanga o nāianei, me te whakaritea.

hanga

kawea Engine hanga YaMZ-236 i roto i anake i roto i te motokā hanga, mai titau te reira i taputapu motuhake, me te taputapu. ngā ratou taua turanga: hoki te disassembly me huihui o te kōwae mana me ona āhuatanga, te whakaōrite i, whakatikatika me te whakamātautau.

Me hoki taputapu motuhake:

• mīhini hōhā me te Papatūānuku.
• Taputapu mō te huri me te oro o te kawau hake.
• Tu ki kaukau mō te crimping.
• Matawai mō te huri tūru tūru takirere.
• Taputapu mo te tāutanga o kaiarahi piha.
• Tarai me te mīhini mira.
• E tu hoki horoi injectors.
• Press mō te pēhi i te ahunga me te kekeno.
• Hauhauhā fehokotakianga, i roto i ētahi wā.
• Ko tētahi atu taputapu me ngā taputapu-whakaaro motuhake mō te hanga o engines diesel.

I taea te kite i te rārangi, ka tangohia e te reira i te rota o turanga me ngā taputapu e taea kore utu horoi motokā katoa.

kawea Engine hanga YaMZ-236 i roto i roto i te maha ngā wāhanga. He tino matatini katoa o ratou, a he kawenga hoki nga kōtaha kuiti ngaio. A feruri i te tetahi hikoinga katoa e kotahi:

1. Tuuraki. Pea, a pera ko reira mārama e whakawete te pūkaha ngingiha ā-whakamahi i te huinga whänui paerewa o taputapu, me te pū whāhauhau.
2. Te hape tātaritanga me te whakatau i te rārangi o ngā wāhanga e manawapa e Me whakakapi.
3. huri kawau hake me te faaineineraa o te poraka rango.
4. Cleaning o nga wahi me hahi katoa. Tikanga, kua whakahaere te reira ki te karahīni wera.
5. A, no te e rite koe, e huihui.

ka mau Tukanga disassembly YaMZ-236 e pā ana ki 6-8 haora. Ko te faaineineraa o ngā wāhanga ki te whakaminenga e pā ana ki 16-20 haora, i runga i te whīwhiwhi o te kino rānei. Ko te tukanga whakaminenga e ki runga ki te 36 haora. Te reira i katoa tei runga i te āhua o tawhito i roto i nga wae matua me ngā wāhanga me te pai o ratou rite mo te wāhanga whakamutunga o te mahi.

Mahere mo te heke mai

I roto i te 2020, mahere te whakato Yaroslavl ki mutu production YaMZ-236, pera i whakakapi ia e teuteu he hou YaMZ-660, e ka e 100 horsepower atu kaha, a ka nui ake i te rōrahi ki te 12.5 rita. Ko te kupu tonu reira whakaritenga puāwaitanga o ngā ipurau me takirere. mahere auaha ki te hanga papu werohia hiko, e ka Euro 5 paerewa, e ka haere mai i roto i runga i te engines o te mākete ao. Kei te whakamaheretia hoki te reira ki te haere tonu ki te whakaputa i tipu diesel mana i runga i te pūtake o YaMZ-236.