Academician Pavlov haurongo mahi pūtaiao

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov - Nobel toa me mohio mana pūtaiao ao. Te riroraa i te kaiputaiao pūmanawa, hanga he wāhi nui ki te whanaketanga o te hinengaro me te whaiaroaro. E te whakaaro ia te kaiwhakarewa o te mara pūtaiao, rite te mahi teitei io. hanga e ia he maha o ngā āhuatanga nui i roto i te mara o te ture o te nakunaku, a whakaturia i roto i te kura whaiaroaro Russian.

ngā mātua

haamata Haurongo Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha i 1849. Ko reira ka e whanau i te academician heke mai i roto i te pa o Ryazan. Tona papa, Pita D., ka haere mai i te utuafare kaiahuwhenua, me mahi kia rite ki te tohunga i roto i tetahi o nga pāriha iti. Independent me pono, ko ia tonu i te aroaro ki ana rangatira, na noho ia i te ora rawa. Pita D. aroha ora, i te ea pai, ka aroha ki te mahi i roto i te kari, me te kari.

Varvara Ivanovna, whaea o Ivan, ka haere mai i te utuafare i te pae varua. I te kuao tau ko ia oaoa, ngahau, me te hauora. Ko haputanga auau (i roto i te utuafare i 10 tamariki) nui takahi tona hauora. a Varvara Ivanovna kahore mātauranga, engari mahi pakeke me te maramarama tūturu tahuri reira ki te mohio te kaiwhakaako o ratou tamariki.

tamarikitanga

ko Future academician Pavlov Ivan te matamua o te utuafare. Kōhungahunga mahue ona tohu e ngaropoina ana i runga i te mahara. I roto i ana tau pakeke, haamana'o ia: "mahara ahau rawa mārama toku haerenga tuatahi ki te whare. Ko te mea mīharo ko te e ko ahau he anake tau, me te tapuhi i mau ana ahau i roto i ona ringa. Hoki te meka e taea ahau mahara wawe, ta rua mahara oraora. A, no te tangihanga o te teina o te whaea, i kawea e ahau ki runga ki nga ringa ki te mea poroporoaki ki a ia. tu tonu te scene i roto i mua o ahau. "

Ivan Ros koa, me te hauora. hihiko ia takaro ki taea'ee te mau tuahine teina. Ua tauturu atoa tona whaea (take kāinga) me te papa (i roto i te hanga o te whare, me te i roto i te kari). korerotia tona tuahine L. P. Andreeva e pā ana ki tenei wā o tona ora te kupu: "mahara tonu Hoani ki te mauruuru te popa. i taea e ki te faatupu i roto i a ia te peu o te mahi, te tika, pū, me te kia puta noa ia. To tatou metua vahine i kaimahi. Te riroraa he toiler nui, tamata ia ki te mahi i nga mea katoa i ahau. Otiia i koropiko nga tamariki katoa ia ia, ka tamata ki te āwhina: kawea wai, te wera ake te oumu, tapatapahia rawatia rakau. i katoa o enei ki te mahi i te iti Ivan ".

Kura me te whara

Paetahi, ka anga ia ki te ako ki te 8 tau, engari ko te kura 11. anake te hara ki katoa o te take: ra kotahi te tamaiti e takoto i roto i ki te aporo maroke i runga i te tūāpapa. tutuki ia, hinga ana ia i te arawhata, a hinga tika i runga i te papa kohatu. ko tino kaha laiki, a hinga mate Ivan. ka tahuri te tamaiti ha ma, taimaha ngaro, ngaro tona wairua, a ka anga ki te moe kino. tamata te mau metua ki te whakaora i te reira i te kāinga, engari kahore i awhina. Kia, i runga i te haerenga ki Pavlov ka haere ki te Abbot o Tokotoru Tapu Monastery. Te kitenga tamaiti e mate ana, ka mau ia ia ki a ia. Whakarei kai tōtika, rangi ma me taka porepore auau hoki ki Ivan te kaha, me te hauora. ka tahuri te kaitiaki he tangata mahara, atawhai, me te tino mātauranga. arahina e ia i te āhua noho-fefeka, me te rota o te pānui. E whakaputaina ēnei huru maitatai i runga i te tamaiti i te mana'o puai. Ko te pukapuka tuatahi i ko academician Pavlov he tangata taitamariki i te Abbot, ka tito I. A. Krylova. ako te tamaiti i te reira na roto i te ngakau, me te kawea te aroha o te fabulist roto i te ora. Tenei pukapuka e takoto tonu i runga i te tēpu o te kaipūtaiao.

Mātauranga i roto i te haapiiraa evanelia

I roto i te 1864, i raro i te mana o te kaitiaki tomo Ivan te haapiiraa evanelia. I reira, ka ia tonu te ākonga runga, a tae noa awhinatia ana hoa rite te kaiako. Kua mohio nga tau o whakangungu ki te mahi a Ivan i te whakaaro Russian rite DI Pisarev, N. Dobrolyubov, V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Gertsen, N. G. Chernyshevsky, a na i runga i. D. fana'o te tamarikitanga ratou hiahia ki te whawhai hoki haere noa me te ahu whakamua pāpori huringa. Ko te wā, neke ana ngā ngākau nuitanga ki te pūtaiao. Na konei he mana nui i runga i te hanganga o te pepa rangahau Pavlov i I. M. Sechenova "reflexes o te Brain." I puta ia i te haapiiraa evanelia tamaiti kōeke tuaono kitenga ia kihai ia i hiahia ki te mahi i mahi i te pae varua, a ka anga teuteu mo whakamātautau tomokanga whare wānanga.

Akoranga i te University o

I roto i te 1870 oho Pavlov ki St Petersburg ki te hiahia ki te tomo i te Physics ko Pāngarau Faculty. Otiia tahuri ki te haere ki te ture. Ko te take hoki tenei - te rāhui o seminarians i ngā o te kōwhiringa o te tikanga. tonoa Ivan he pitihana ki te Rector, me rua wiki i muri mai i whakawhitia e ia ki te Ahupūngao me Pāngarau Tari. haere te tangata taitama rawa pai, a ka te karahipi teitei (emepaea).

Neke atu i te wa, nui noa atu te aroha o Ivan whaiaroaro, me te toru o nga tau e oti rawa rawa ia ki tenei pūtaiao. Ko te kōwhiringa whakamutunga i hanga e ia i raro i te mana o Professor Tsion - he kaiputaiao pūmanawa, he kaiwhakaako anaana me te experimenter mohio. Here te pehea, ki te haamana'o e wā o tona koioranga ia academician Pavlov: "Ka rite ki te tikanga matua whiriwhiria e ahau te whaiaroaro o te kararehe, ka tāpiri - matū. Ahakoa kua hanga he ongo nui i te katoa Ilya Fadeevich. patua matou i te reira te amuitahiraa masterfully ohie o ngā take whaiaroaro matatini me te taranata toi i roto i te ngā. Tenei kaiako ka mahara ahau ki taku ora katoa. "

ngā mahi rangahau

Ko te tuatahi rangahau rā Pavlov hoki ki 1873 tau. Na, i raro i te aronga o Ivan Ovsyannikov whakawakia nga raru i roto i nga pūkahukahu o te poraka. I roto i te taua tau, tahi ki te hoa ākonga, i tuhituhi e ia tona tuatahi mahi pūtaiao. Te matenga, o te akoranga, ko Tsion. I roto i tenei mahi, te korenga i te ākonga te pānga o raru ko laryngeal i runga i tohanga toto. I te mutunga o 1874 i kōrero te hua i te hui o te Society o Naturalists. tae wā Pavlov enei hui, ka kōrero ki a Tarkhanovo Ovsyannikov me Sechenov.

timata i maoro ākonga M. M. Afanasev me I. P. Pavlov ako raru pancreatic. whakawhiwhia University Kaunihera tenei mahi te mētara koura. Heoi, pau Ivan i rangahau i te rota o te wā, a kihai haere te whakamutunga, ka ngaro te karahipi. Tenei takoha ia ki noho i te whare wānanga mo tetahi atu tau. I te tau 1875 puta ia tīrama. Ko ia 26 anake (photo Ivana Petrovicha Pavlova i tenei tau, kāore, i kore ora), a ka kite te tino whaihua te heke mai.

whaiaroaro circulatory

I roto i te 1876, ka te tangata taitamariki he mahi hei kaiāwhina ki Ahorangi KN Ustimovich, upoko o te taiwhanga i te Medico-Whārangi Academy. I roto i te rua tau i muri mai, tū Ivan kua he maha o rangahau i runga i te whaiaroaro o te tohatoha toto. whakamoemiti Whakahaerenga Pavlov Ahorangi S. P. Botkin ka karangatia ia ki te haere mai ki te whare hauora. Ōkawa, whakaritea Ivan i taiwhanga kaiāwhina, engari mau meinga upoko o te taiwhanga. Ahakoa te ruma rawakore, kore o te taputapu me te pūtea kino iho, kua tutuki Pavlov hua nui i roto i te ako o te whaiaroaro o te nakunaku me te tohanga toto. I roto i te porowhita pūtaiao, te tona ingoa hoko pai mohiotia.

aroha tuatahi

I roto i te mutunga o nga fitungofulú tutaki ia Serafima Karchevsky - ākonga tari ako. faitatau Young amui o whakaaro, ngākau nuitanga noa, tukupā ki te mau mana'o o te taviniraa hapori me te pakanga mo te ahunga whakamua. I roto i te whānui, i aroha ratou tahi i te tahi. E whakaatu ana te Tiaki photo Ivan Petrovich Pavlov me herapima Vasilevny Karchevsky i ratou tokorua tino ataahua. Kua tutuki te tautoko o te hoa faaipoipo taua angitu ki te tangata taitamariki i roto i te mara pūtaiao.

Ko te rapu hoki i te mahi hou

Hoki 12 nga tau o te mahi i roto i te whare hauora taonga S. P. Botkina Biography Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha ki te momo o ngā o te āhua pūtaiao, a ka meinga e ia te pai-mohiotia e rua i te kāinga, me te ki waho. Te whakapai ake mahi me te tikanga ora o te pūtaiao pūmanawa kua meinga hei tikanga mo te whakaaro ki o ana ngā pānga whaiaro kore anake, engari ano hoki mo te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao Russian.

Otiia i roto i nga ra o tsarist Russia hanga i tetahi huringa ki te, faitotonu, tangata manapori-whakaaro, koretake, whakamā, me te mātanga kuware, me aha a Pavlov, ko tino uaua. I tua atu, ka haere mai te ora uaua o te pūtaiao physiologists tairanga, e Ivan Petrovich, i taitamariki tonu, tomo nuitia ki kōrero wera, me te maha atu i te toa. Ko te kupu, e tika ana ki te arotake kino o Ahorangi I. R. Tarhanova o te mahi a Pavlov i te tohanga whakamutunga e kore e whakawhiwhia te utu.

kihai i taea e Ivan kitea he taiwhanga pai ki te haere tonu o ratou akoranga. I roto i te 1887, ngā ia he pukapuka ki te Minita o te Mātauranga, i roto i i tonoa e ia he wahi ki te Tari o te whare wānanga paerata. Na ka tonoa e ia ki waho te maha pukapuka ki ngā whakanōhanga a nga wahi katoa i pai. Otiia hohoro te pūtaiao waimarie.

Ko te Nobel

I roto i te Paenga-whāwhā 1890, i pōtitia Pavlov te ahorangi o te Pūtaiao i kotahi i roto i rua wānanga: Warsaw ko Tomsk. A i roto i te 1891 i karangatia ia ki te whakarite i te Tari o Pātukitukinga i te University hou whakatuwheratia o whakamātautau Medicine. ahu Pavlov reira noa tona mate. Ko konei e whakamana ia rave rahi pepa matarohia i runga i te whaiaroaro o te repe kūnatu, i whakawhiwhia nei e te Nobel i te 1904 tau. mahara hapori pūtaiao katoa kupu i mea a academician Pavlov "I te whakaaro Russian" i te hui. Me kï reira e ko te taonga tuatahi, whakawhiwhia hoki ngā i roto i te mara o te rongoā tenei.

Whanaunga ki te kāwanatanga Soviet

Ahakoa te matekai, me te pahua i roto i nga ra o te mana Soviet, puta V. I. Lenin he tikanga motuhake i roto i nei mauruuru nei te mahi o Pavlov, tohu he huru tino mahana me te atawhai o nga mua. Wawe tonu, kua hanga academician me tona tokotoko nga tikanga tino pai mō te mahi pūtaiao. Laboratory Ivan Petrovich anōtia i roto i Physiological Institute. A i runga i te tau 80 o te academician whakatuwheratia i Leningrad Institute o Science-pa.

Fakahoko maha moe roa kua e whanga he academician Pavlov Ivan Petrovich. whakaputaina wā mahi Scientific ahorangi. I ona whare puta whare hauora mate hinengaro, me te io. riro taputapu hou katoa arahina e te pūtahi mātauranga. Ko te atui ake i roto i te maha o ngā kaimahi. I tua atu ki te pūtea, ki te pūtaiao katoa marama tiki i te moni ki te kia pau i to ratou ngarahu pai.

i oaoa Ivan, a ka whakatutehu huru na tahuri me te mahana o nga mua ki tona mahi pūtaiao. I muri i te katoa, i raro i te tikanga tsarist, ko ia tonu i roto i te hiahia o te moni. Na inaianei he academician ara āwangawanga e pā ana ranei e taea ki te whakatika i te whakawhirinaki me te kāwanatanga e manaaki ana ia. Ia pinepine korero e pā ana ki tenei i roto i tona taiao, me te iwi whānui.

mate

mate academician Pavlov i 87 th tau o te ora. Kahore Ua tohu te mate o te kaiputaiao, no te mea i Ivan hauora pai me te varavara i mate. Pono, i pängia ana ki maremare ia, ka tukua i te kakā e rave rahi taime. Niumōniá a ko te take o te mate. February 27, 1936 mahue te kaipūtaiao kua tenei ao.

tangihia iwi Soviet katoa ia ka mate a academician Pavlov (whakaahuatanga o te mate Ivan Petrovich o hohoro puta i roto i ngā nūpepa). mate ia te tangata nui, me te aivanaa nui, nana nei i hanga te takoha nui ki te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao whaiaroaro. i tanumia Ivan Petrovich i te urupā Volkov, e tata ana nga urupa o D. I. Mendeleeva.