Albrecht Durer: haurongo, me te mahi. Mahi e Albrehta Dyurera: rārangi

A. Dürer (1471-1528) - te toi German nui, a i roto i nga tau whakamutunga o tona ora, me te theorist toi. He tino hononga tona haurongo me mahi ki te Renaissance. Works e Albrehta Dyurera me tenei ra kukume maha connoisseurs o toi. E hiahia ana ki te mohio atu e pā ana ki reira? Life me mahi o Albrehta Dyurera aroaro i roto i tenei tuhinga.

tāhuhu tangata

Ko tona papa he tangata whenua o Hungary, te hiriwa. ako Albrecht tuatahi ki tona papa, a ka ki Michael Wohlgemuth, kaipeita, me te kaituhi i Nuremberg. 1490-1494 - "Tau o noho manene ai", e hiahiatia ana i roto i te tikanga ki te whiwhi i te taitara o te ariki. pau Albrecht tenei wa i roto i nga pa o te Upper Rhine (Strasbourg, Colmar, Basel). Here tomo ia te porohita o ngā pūreretā pukapuka me humanists. Kei te mohiotia te reira e hiahia ana Dürer ki te whakapai ake i roto i te tuhi i runga i te whakarewa M. Shogauera i Colmar, engari kihai i kitea ora ia. ka timata Albrecht ki ako i te mahi o tenei ariki, korero ki ana tama, i hoki toi.

I te 1494 ka hoki ia ki a Nuremberg Albrecht Dürer. mahi Haurongo a ka tuhia ai i te wa o ngā nui. I reira tū te reira i te faaipoiporaa ki Agnes Frey, me te whakatuwheratanga tona ake studio. I muri i te tahi mau wa, faaoti Albrecht ki te hanga i te ara hou, tenei wa kōwhiri i te raki Itari. haere ana ia ki Padua ko Venice i 1494-95, aua. I roto i te Venice, haere Dürer, a i roto i 1505, i noho ia i reira tae noa ki 1507. mohio Albrecht ki te Emepara Maximilian ahau e pā ana ki te tau 1512. Te āhua, i te wa ano, ka timata Dürer ki te mahi hoki a ia, tae noa ki te pai mohiotia te mate o Maximilian, i puta i roto i 1519 e tae mai ano hoki Albert te Netherlands. I roto i te wā i 1520 ki te 1521, haere ia ki nga pa pērā i Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent, Bruges, Malines, me ētahi atu.

auaha Durer

Albrecht Dürer, biography me te auahatanga o e hāngai ki te ara o te German Renaissance, e kore i taea e noho atu i nga ngā o tona wa. Ko reira he uaua, wā te nuinga disharmonious. Tona huru mahue tona tohu i runga i nga mea katoa o te toi. Ko te whakaoranga i roto i nga mahi o Albrecht piki te taketake me te momonatanga o ngā kōrero tuku iho toi Tiamana. faaite mai ratou ia ratou i roto i te puka o pūāhua dyurerovskih tawhiti i te ataahua i te tirohanga o te pai puāwaitanga. I tua atu, pai Wehewehe te ariki, utu aro nui ki takitahi taipitopito. O faufaa nui hoki Albrecht ko i te wa ano whakapā ki te toi o Itari. tuhia Creativity Albrehta Dyurera e tamata ia ki matau i te mea ngaro o tona tino me te au maite. Dürer Ko te māngai kapu o te Renaissance Northern, i te mea matamaha, me te aronga o te moni, e taea te hoatu te hiahia ki te matau i te ture o te toi, ki te hanga i te hanganga tino o te ahua tangata i runga i te par ki nga rangatira nui o te Italian Renaissance.

drawings

Creativity Albrehta Dyurera kanorau. I tukuna e ia kia rite ki te whakaīngoatia, kaituhi me te kaipeita. I te wa ano e te tuhi, me te tuhi a ia te tahi mau taime noa ārahi tūranga. Neke atu i te 900 ngā rau o te kainga tupu kua Dürer-kaipeita. E ai ki te momo me te nui o reira e taea te whakaritea anake ki te mahi a Leonardo da Vinci. Te āhua, ko te peita wahi o te ora rā o te ariki. Dürer maitai taukei nga tikanga whakairoiro katoa o te wa - i waro, te peita wai, pene ki te pene kakaho Italian, me te titi hiriwa. Ko nga rangatira Italian, kua meinga tuhi he wāhanga nui hoki te compositing Durer. Tenei wā ngā Studi, huahua o upoko, waewae, ringa, kakahu tauarai.

Hoki tuhinga Durer ko te mea ki i ako ia i te momo āhuatanga - Nuremberg fashionistas, rangatira pai-kakahu me peasants. Rongonui mahi Albrehta Dyurera - ". He wahi o te pūreirei" Watercolor Masters "Hare" (i runga ake), me te E hanga ana ratou ki wehe makariri, me te taua kaha e taea e whakaahua mō waehere pūtaiao.

he raupapa o whenua

Ko te tino mahi tuatahi o te ariki ko te raupapa o whenua o 1494-95 tau. mahi ana enei mahi a Albrehta Dyurera i te peita wai me te gouache i roto i tona haerenga ki Itari. Kei te āta taurite, hanganga hangaia mahere mokowā pai tauutuutu ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi. Ko enei mahi a Albrehta Dyurera te tuatahi i roto i te hītori o Pākehā toi "parakore" whenua.

"Christmas", "faatiaia o te Maki", "Adamu raua o Eva"

huru maeneene mārama, te hiahia o te kaituhi ki te toenga feongoongoi o manawataki me ngā āhua - he nga āhuatanga āhuatanga o te toi enei e Durer i te mutunga o te rau tau 15 ki te timatanga o te tekau tau tuarua o te rau tau 16. Ko te aata o "Kirihimete", hanga a tawhio noa 1498 tenei, me e pā ana ki te 1504 mahi "faatiaia o te Maki," i roto i nei Dürer hopoi mai huihui te rōpū o toru Maki me Madonna silhouettes maeneene, marino manawataki porohita me te kikorangi tauihu, korerotia e rave rahi mau taime i roto i te whakapaipai hoahoanga. I roto i te tau 1500. tetahi o nga kaupapa matua o te auaha Albrecht riro te hiahia ki te kitea te hanganga pai o te tinana tangata. rapu ia ratou ngaro, tuhi wahine tahanga, me te tau tane. Kia mōhio e ko te reira i te tuatahi i roto i Germany, timata Albrecht ki ako i te tahanga. I whakarāpopototia ēnei rapu i roto i te 1504 tuhi "Adamu e ia Eva", me te i roto i te whakatinanatanga o e pā ana ki 1507 diptych momona Pāoa nui.

"Faatiaia o te Toru tahi" me "hakari o te rohārio"

Ko te mahi uaua tino, harmonically whakahau tito whakaahua i te whānuitanga o ngā tau e mahi ana i roto i nga tau o te paari auaha Albrecht Dürer. mahi nui o tona ngā whakapumautia i roto i 1506 "whakanuitanga o pirepire", i roto i te 1511 - "Ko te faatiaia o te Tokotoru Tapu." "Hakari o te rohārio" Ko tetahi o nga mahi nui e Dürer (161.5 x 192 cm). I tua atu, ko reira tetahi o nga tauira mita nui. Mahi tata ki te toi o nga rangatira Itari, nga mana'o turai kore anake, engari ano hoki ratou ivi polnozvuchiem mō āhua o whakapakoko (te nuinga whakaahua), te tito taurite, te whanui o te tuhituhi. Ko te pikitia ui "faatiaia o te Toru tahi", e tohu ana i te aata iti mahi, ngā semicircles naki e whakaoho ki te aata otinga tairanga tere i roto i te anahera rangi matua, me te ope tapu. Tenei tauira rite te "Dispute" e Raphael.

wawe whakaahua

Te kore whakaahua pakeke ki te whakaaro mahi Albrehta Dyurera. Sioloto ia i roto i tenei momo e maha, me te rawa ngā. Ko kē Albrecht i te mahi wawe, whakamana e pā ana ki 1499 (Portrait o Oswald Krell) E whakaatu ana te ariki whakapumautia. Ia maitai tuku tauira pūngao i roto, te ahurei o te huru. Ko te ahurei o Albrehta Dyurera takoto i roto i te meka e te portrait-whaiaro ko te rangatira i roto i te wā wawe o tona mahi portrait. Hoki i roto i 1484 i hanga e ia he titi hiriwa tuhi, te aroaro mua i roto i tenei tuhinga. Here whakaatu Albrecht tamaiti-tau 13-tau. Kua i taua ringa wa arahina Durer aki ki te whaiaro-matauranga, i atu i whakawhanakehia i roto i te toru tuatahi o ana peita-whakaahua. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te mahi 1493 i roto i te 1498 me te 1500 o. I roto i te mahi o muri (whakaahua e māngai reira runga ake) whakaatu tino Albrecht i te mua. Framed e te pahau iti, me o tona mata matau makawe roa fakamanatu tatou o te whakapakoko o te Karaiti Pantocrator.

tuhi

Creativity Albrehta Dyurera (1471-1528) he ngā i roto i taua kawea ia ki waho tānga ōrite pai i runga i parahi, me te i runga i te rakau. tahuri Albrecht tuhi i muri Schongauer, tetahi o nga mahi nui. I roto i nga mahi o Dürer ko te faaiteraa o te pehi, te wairua pehi o tona natura auaha, me te te pakanga morare whakaari e hoha'a ia. I roto i te rerekē koi ki te mahi picturesque wawe mārama, me te marino o te ariki, kua kua riro i te nui-tauine raupapa whakairoiro tuatahi, e ngā o 15 tuhi i runga i te kaupapa o te Apocalypse. E kawea ēnei mahi i roto i runga i te rakau i hanga Albrecht i 1498. tuhi Durer i roto i to ratou nui neke atu i peita hāngai, kei runga i ngā kōrero tuku iho Tiamana. puta ratou i roto i te kaha t hapa, nekehanga koi, whakapakoko overexpression Rhythm paroro, tere rārangi whawhati me hipi. Ko te whakapakoko o te Fortune copperplate whakairo "Tika", e pā ana ki te tīmatanga o 1500 o., He he pūāhua paoro. Tenei tā Ko tetahi o nga mahi pai e Dürer.

"Life o te wahine", "Passion nui" a "Passion Iti"

. I roto i te whakairoiro huringa "Life o Meri", hanga e pā ana ki 1502-05 tau, moni o kaituhi nui i roto i te kōrero o te momo, me te he nui o kōrero - āhuatanga angamaheni o iho toi Tiamana. Tenei raupapa whakairoiro ko te huru tino mārama, me te marino. E rua atu riri kanga o te Karaiti, āhuatanga e te faaiteraa whakaari. Kei te hanga te reira i te rakau "Passion nui" (e pā ana ki 1498-1510 gg.), I pai rite rua raupapa o tuhi i runga i parahi "Passion iti" (tau o te hanganga - 1507-13 me 1509-11). Ēnei mahi e Dürer ko te rongonui tino i roto i ona to'utangata.

Ropi e 1513-1514 gg.

Whakairo 1513 "Knight, te mate me te Diabolo", me te rua mahi o 1514 ( "Hieronymus i pūtau" me "oto") whai wāhi nui i roto i te kainga tupu Albrecht. ahua ai ratou he ahua o te ropi e. E mahi ana ēnei mahi ki te tinihanga ariki virtuoso. E kitea e ratou e te kukū fakaefakatātā onge me te papû. Te āhua, e kore Dürer hapu ki te hanga a ratou rite te huringa kotahi. Otiia, fakatahai te mahi nga pānga morare, me te taumauri, rawa matatini (tikanga o reira i oti rawa te rota o te mahi i tenei ra). Te āhua, faauruhia te pukapuka "Manual o te toa Karaitiana" E. Rotterdam i te taha o te whakapakoko o te kaituhi o te toa kei, e te neke ki te whāinga unknown, ahakoa o te rewera, e whai ake nei i runga i ana rekereke, me te tuma mate waenganui-koroheke. aroaro Warrior te ki te pae mohoao kohatu. Ehara i te mea ohie ki te kite mahi Albrehta Dyurera. He nui hoki te māramatanga o te whakapakoko toa Whakarāpopototanga o te pukapuka i faahitihia.

Saint Jerome (whakaahua i runga ake), e haere ana ki ngā akoranga pūtaiao katoa, ko te faahoho'araa o te ora hi'o me hifo fakalaumālié. Ko te wā whai parirau nui, rumakina i roto i ona whakaaro pouri, te aroaro ki te puipuitua o te puranga huru o pūāhua nohopuku-rere te wā, me te Sciences, taputapu o te hokohoko.

Kei te nuinga o te wā te tikanga te reira i rite te faahoho'araa o te wairua tangata te pehi auaha. Kia mahara e kitea nga humanists Renaissance i roto i te iwi ki te ngākau oto, "pokenga fakalangi" poto, te whakatinanatanga o te auahatanga. Na reira, ka taea e tatou te mea e roto te au whānui he auaha, ko Albrehta Dyurera. A tohu poto tona mahi i muri mai.

mahi i muri mai

Dürer i muri i 1514 i mahi i te marae o Maximilian ahau (aroaro i runga i tona portrait, hanga e Albrecht). I roto i tenei wa i mahi maha whakahau e pā ana Albrecht Dürer. Mahi i hanga e ratou, e rapu he rota o pūkenga, engari i pania te nuinga o te wā-kai o ratou lithography, whakamana i runga i 192 nga papa. huaina ana tēnei mahi ko te "Arch o Maximilian ahau". Kei te whakaputaina te reira i te mahi, anake Durer, he rōpū nui o toi. I muri i te haerenga ki te Netherlands, mahi i roto i te 1520-21 tau., I Albrecht timata te hihiko auaha hou. I tenei wa, he ope o huahua tangata haereere. I roto i te tua, he maha o pai whakaahua whakairoiro i whakakiia hua Albrehta Dyurera. Whakarārangi ratou e whai ake: i hanga i roto i te 1520 ki te waro , "Erazm Rotterdamsky", me te mahi i roto i te 1521, "Lucas van ka pa o" (hanga pene hiriwa), "Agnes Dürer", te hanganga o nei whakamahia te rakau whakarewa, me ētahi atu.

Whakaahua o nga 1520s

Whakaahua i roto i te 1520s riro he momo nui i roto i nga mahi o Dürer. I tenei wa, i hanga te whakapakoko i roto i te tuhi i runga i parahi humanists rongonui o tona wa Albrecht Dürer. Meiha mahi e whai ake nei: i roto i te 1526 - Portrait Filippa Melanhtona, i roto i te 1524 - Willibald Pirkheyma i 1526 - Erasmus. puta te peita i te 1521 "Portrait o te tangata Young" i roto i te 1524 - "Portrait o te tangata," i roto i te 1526 - "Jerome Holtsshuer" me ētahi atu mahi. E kitea ana ēnei mahi iti i te hanganga arero, tino puāwaitanga, silhouettes minted. E spectacularly faingataa ratou takiwa beret wereweti nui pōtae whānui-pōtau pare ranei. Ko te pokapū tito o enei mahi - te mata, tenei tata-ake, ki te hanga i tētahi whakawhitinga hianga o te marama, me te whakamarumaru. I roto i te mata papaki rangona, i roto i ona kanohi kanohi whānui-tuwhera, i roto i te fokotu'utu'u paku niao ki i roto i te mata ataata ngutu i te hawhe-tuwhera ranei, cheekbones i roto i te ahua me te kaupapa koromingi hihiri taea kite tohu o te ora i te pae varua kaha. Whakatūwhera Albrecht i roto i ona to'utangata te itoito riro tauine nui i roto i te diptych "wha Aposetolo" (whakaahua i raro nei), te rangatira whakamutunga o peita (1525). I tuhituhi hoki Nuremberg Dürer Hall. E whakaatu ana whika nui kaikauwhau Mark, nga apotoro a Paora, a Pita, a Hoani, e tohu, kia rite ki to'utangata a te ariki, 4 āhua.

mahi ariā, te uara o te auaha

I roto i nga tau tata nei, kua whakaputaina te ora o Albrecht mahi ariā: arata'iraa i runga i ine rangatira me te awhi (i roto i 1525), ki te whakapakari i nga taumaihi, etahi taumaihi, pa (i roto i 1527), me i roto i te 1528 whakaputaina he mahi "wha pukapuka i runga i te hanganga tangata." Albrecht Dürer, te auahatanga me te whakarau o e kua whakaaro matou, haere atu i roto i Nuremberg April 6, 1528

kaha te awe Dürer te whanaketanga o te katoa o te toi Tiamana o te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau 16. Ana tuhi a Italy koa he angitu nui - ara i whakaputaina ratou rūpahu. Kua ite tokomaha toi Itāriana te pānga o tona mahi, tae atu Pordenone ko Pontormo.