Apee o Catherine te nui. Grigory Orlov - he tino o Catherine te nui

I roto i te kingitanga o Empress Catherine II i kino rite te taimaha o raruraru pāpori e kua puta ake i roto i te Russian Empire, a tauine mohoa inä o kanohi. Tiati Young e karapotia te Empress, he pānga matemate kino i runga i te kaupapa here kāinga me te ke o te kāwanatanga. timata nga māngai o te whenei teitei o te rangatira ki te rapu taonga whaiaro i roto i te whakapati o nga makau hou o Catherine te nui, reira kähaki tikanga morare katoa me ngā tikanga pāpori o te wā. O te akoranga, i roto i kore ara e kore e taea e haape i te faufaa rahi i roto i te whanaketanga o Russia, i te mea te tau o te kingitanga o te Empress. Heoi, e kore matou e whakaahua i roto i te taipitopito nga mahi kāwanatanga me mahi o Catherine II, a ka ngana ki te korero ki e pā ana ki te ora whaiaro o te wahine e mahue te tohu pono e ngaropoina ana i roto i te aamu o to tatou whenua.

Princess Fike

Future "te aroha noa o te Atua Empress me tangata mārō katoa-Russian" Catherine, kua riro kē i hono to'utangatá te taitara "te nui", i whanau i runga i April 21, 1729 i roto i te pa Prussia o Sitētini. i hoatu Meiha Tianara, Kanara o te Prussia ope Christian August o Anhalt-Zerbst me tana wahine, Johanna Erihapeti, tona matamua-whanau - he tamahine - he ingoa Tiamana ataahua - Sophia Augusta Frederica. Ahakoa te meka i pā ana mātua ki maha nga whare kingi o Europe (i te papa te taitara o Prince me tae noa i muri mai ka te rangatira o te Tiamana Duchy o Zerbst me whanau tona whaea i te rangatira i o Holstein-Gottorp), ko tona tamarikitanga, he iti rite te tangata ora "toto kingi" . E noho ana i roto i te whare German noa, Fike, pii matua o tana tamahine, e taea te rite mo te kotiro i te utuafare bourgeois o taua mātauranga wa i te kāinga, e tika ngā i te kaha ki te tunu me te pokekore.

Tīmata i te "kingi" ara

I roto i te 1744, i raro i te Tuhinga o te kingi Prussia Fridriha Velikogo, Sophia Augusta me tona whaea i meinga e Empress Elizabeth, i rapu hoki i te wahine marena hou mo tana tama ki a St Petersburg. I roto i Russia, haere he rangatira i Tiamana te rite o te te bapetizoraa, a ka huaina i roto i te iho Siu Catherine A .. I roto i te 1745 ka moea e ia te Grand Duke Pita Fedorovich, te heke mai Hiha Pita III. ora Family nezaladilas taitamariki i te tīmatanga. Ko te kainga ki te torona, ahakoa no o ratou pangore tupu ranei, noa ranei i te "e ähuareka" ko te tino makariri ki tana wahine. Ahakoa i runga i to ratou po marena, e kore ia i utu i tetahi whakarongo ki te wahine marena hou taitamariki. rerekē ia ngākau fakasekisualé irrepressible, whakarongo toa tika hiahiatia me, kia rite ki to'utangata, i muri tonu tīmata te marena ki nuitia ohovale ki nga Cavaliers.

Ko te aroha nui tuatahi

I roto i te ora o tana tane i roto i te Empress heke mai puta aroha ngaro. riro ratou Sergey Vasilevich Saltykov (1726-1765), he hūmārie o rangatira o te whānau rangatira, nei i te paetukutuku o ruma o te Duke Grand. Saltykov i te wa o to ratou i mohio ka tahuri 26 tau. riro ia te tino tuatahi o Catherine II me te tetahi anake o te hunga katoa e mea he kaumatua ake ia. Kōrero i waenganui i te iwi taitamariki roa i 1752 i te 1754, i mua i te whanautanga o te Catherine tama - te kainga ki te torona - Paora Petrovich. pēnei maha to'utangata Saltykov matuatanga pono o Paora. Ka rite ki reira e kore e ranei, e kore e mohiotia, te Empress, enei hau e kore whakakahore. Ko Sergei Vasilyevich - ia i roto i te taua tau i tonoa karere ki Europe, i reira hoki i pupuri i te wa roa ake te reta ki tana i aroha ai. Ko reira ki a Saltykov timata ratou tino pōhi i o Catherine te nui, nei whakaahua e pai te tiaki i ki tenei ra.

Aroha rua: taitamariki Pou

Catherine, rite te taitamariki, kaha, a nui atu addicting wahine noa e kore i taea e noho anake. I roto i te 1756, i ia he aroha hou. riro ratou Stanisław August Poniatowski (1732-1798), he takawaenga pai-mātauranga, hohoro ki te riro te karere Polish i St Petersburg. E ai ki nga hau, ko reira i tenei horopaki, hoatu te Empress heke mai whanau ki te tamahine i roto i te 1757. mate a Anna i te tau o rua. Kei te mohiotia te reira e mohio Pita Fedorovich e pā ana ki te hononga o tona wahine ki te kuao Pou, me te aha te ake, tautoko ana te reira ratou. ka te nui hoariri anake o te "mōrearea" o Catherine te Empress te tohutohu - Elizaveta Petrovna. I roto i te 1758, ua haapii mai ia o te whakaaro nanakia tona tuahine, i tino kaha te riri, me te whakahau ki te unga tonu he karere hoki ki Poland. Catherine kua tiaki te mahara o te aroha, a i muri i te wehenga takoha. I roto i te 1764, he reira kua awhinatia te Empress Stanisław August ki te kake i te torona o te Commonwealth.

Gregory Orlov (1734-1783)

He aha te tūranga i Grigoriy Grigorevich Orlov i o tenei wahine i te whakarau? He aha e korero hītori tatou? tino Future o Catherine te nui whanau i runga i Oketopa 17, 1734 i roto i te hapu o te nui-whānui mutu - Grigory Ivanovich Orlov. ka mau Kōhungahunga Gregory me ona teina wha wahi i roto i te huru o te aroha, te au, me te mahana. Upoko o te utuafare, e ko te mana unquestioned, e kore i tomo ki ahua o tautohetohe, kahore he take he tetahi. riro noa Orlov mo te iwi o tona porohita o te mātauranga te kāinga, i reira i homai tokanga makehe whakangungu hōia, me te whakangungu tinana. taa ê teina i te nuinga o ō rātou hoa rawa roroa roa, te kōrero hautoa me kaha nui. I roto i te 1749, ka tomo Gregory te whenua St Petersburg Cadet Corps, i muri i ia whakauru tonu i roto i te whiriwhiri tiaki ropu semenov. Ko te tangata taitama rawa ataahua, i aroha wahine, a i te weriweri mō haerenga akakoroanga. Heoi, kitea ana e ia mo tona toa, me te itoito e tukua ki te whakatika hohoro ia ki te ao o te ana'iraa rūtene, ka haere ki te wahi o te ope i roto i te Tau whitu 'War.

mahinga o ringa

I runga i te heke mai parekura tino Catherine 2, whakakitea Orlov toa rawa toa. kawea mai te kororia Gregory he whawhai toto e tata ana te Tiamana kainga Zorndorf, te wahi tutaki te ope Russian ki nga hoia o te Prussia Kingi Frederick II. I roto i te whawhai whakakitea Guardsman pau itoito ngingila, marino faahiahia, me te manawanui nui. Te riroraa i patua e toru nga wa, noho ia i roto i nga rarangi, maka ia ki te matotoru o te whawhai, me te kaha Raziel hoariri. I patua te horapa rongo i roto i nga mahi o te rarangi hero hoia, faauru nga hoia Russian katoa, me te ope Prussia ka hoatu ki te whati. Hoki ratou whawhai i roto i te toa, me te itoito Grigory Orlov i hakeaki'i ki te ana'iraa o te rangatira, a ka he oti inaianei te pakanga mo ia. Ko te meka Ko e āpiha i roto i riro te pakanga o te zorndorf ko Friedrich Graf von Schwerin. i tukua misioni Kawenga o tuku te herehere ki te marae o Empress Elizabeth, a ki te guardsman taitamariki.

Taunga ki te Empress heke mai

I roto i te puna o 1759 tae Gregory i te whakapaipai raki, te wahi tonu i oha ia e ona tuakana, Alexei ko Fyodor, e mahi i roto i te ana'iraa o te kawana, me Semenovski Preobrazhensky tiaki Tuhinga aua. a Tokotoru ngahau mā te raveraa i roto i te takaro koa, te aroha mōrearea me kēmu kāri. Heoi, i roto i te 1760 oho Gregory i te pū Guard, a whakaritea āpiha rangatira rawa mana - Count Petra Ivanovicha Shuvalova. Kia i te pokapū o te ora marae, tutaki ataahua Orlov ki toru tekau nga tau o Catherine, ātaahua, me te ite i roto i mau ohipa aroha, engari i te wā i te wahine pouri taua mate ana i te moemoe, me te whakaitinga i tana tane. Grigory mīharo e te Empress o tona tamarikitanga, weriweri, me te adventurism heke mai. Hoki te wa roa whakahaere aroha ki te huna i to ratou hononga i waho.

Whakatakotoria ana ki te Emepara

Orlov, i te ingoa o te iwi toa, me te tika, koa mana nui i roto i te Tuhinga tiaki, e tohu ana i te mana nui, me te tautoko o te mana kingi. Teina i roto i te kōrero ki te hoa, ka anga ki te waihanga i te whakapakoko o te kaiwhakaatu Grand Duchess, āta tuhi ki tona taha, he maha piki haere o rangatira, me te hōia. whanonga whakapehapeha o te kainga ki te torona o Pita, wāhi hoki ki tona rongonui. Ko te pea tuatahi ko te poka tukipoto, e ngā nāianei (Orlov) me te heke mai (G. Potemkin) apee Catherine 2, Hakihea 25, 1761, te ra o te mate o te Empress Elizabeth aroaro. Heoi, ko te Tiuka Grand ia i te mate, ko reira whakamataku aitua, a ka ngaro te kau. Heoi, ka mohiotia hohoro whakama Catherine take. ko ia e rima marama hapu, a ko mōhio o te meka i ko reira Gregory papa o te tamaiti nga tangata nunui katoa. whanau te tamaiti i roto i April 1762, i te ingoa Alexei, riro ia te taitara o te Kaute a ka te kaiwhakaū o te Bobrinskys utuafare pai.

tukipoto whare

Ko te tuatahi "kaupae" Emperor Pita III (mutunga o te rongo ki a Prussia me te faaorehia o te Guard, i i kua te mea nui rawa o te ope Russian) meinga amuamu nui i roto i te hapori. Orlov teina, piri whakaiti te hōia, faaoti ki te noho i te po o te 27 i runga i Hune 28 tukipoto, te whakaaro o i ko ki te turaki i te emepera. kawea Aleksey Orlov Catherine i Peterhof ki te whakapaipai, i reira i tutaki ratou e Gregory me ana hoa. oati kaitiaki Tuhinga piri ki te tangata mārō heke mai, me i te 9 am i roto i te Kazan Cathedral timata tona rite koroneihana. Pita III, i roto i Oranienbaum, ko pai mōhio o te hepohepo o tona tūranga, ka hainatia fakafatongia tona Tuhinga. mohio te Empress katoa e pā ana ki te tūranga nui o te teina i roto i ona wa faateronoraahia me he tokomaha korerotia i muri e au nui ki Orlov.

Grigory Orlov - he tino o Catherine te nui

I muri i te koroneihana o Catherine, te uwhiuwhi taitara, taitara, me tohu o ana kaiāwhina katoa, oho ia ki te Winter Palace. Ekara, ahakoa takoha te Empress whenua, pai ki te ora i muri ki tona aroha. Ki a ia ka haere mai tetahi wa pono whakamiharo. Whakaturia i roto i te taitara o te tatau, riro te paetukutuku o Meiha Tianara, ka anga Grigory ki te tango mana rahi, kua tonu kua pai riro ia i te Empress, a kōrero ia ki a ia nga take katoa o te kāwanatanga. ko Kohara aroha o tona tino, a tae noa te haere tino ki te haere faaipoipo Orlov Catherine II. Tangata mārō puritia i mahi na, ki te uaua nui, engari tonu te whakahaere ki te Count Nikita Panin. matau hītori ia rite mea, "Mama, rongo tatou katoa te whakahau o te Empress, engari ko wai ka whakarongo ki te Countess Orlov?" Gregory, kia rite ki a kanohi, he hoki ia tino aroha o Catherine me homai ia he homai utu nui, ko te tino rongonui o e ko te taimana nui.

Life i marae

Kua tautoko tonu Grigory te kaha o te Empress, a tamata i te whānuitanga o ona mana ki te āwhina i ia i roto i te whakahaere o te kāwanatanga. a ia kahore hiahia mo te kaha, e te faaruru nei tokomaha tino o Catherine te nui, a korero ana to'utangatá o ia rite te tangata ohaoha, whakapono, me te pai-natured. I hiahia i roto i te pūtaiao, me te kaupapa, rotarota me te toi Graf Orlov. whakaratohia e ia te tautoko me te Tuhinga o te Lomonosov nui, a muri iho tona matenga, i ahei ki te hoko i nga mahi katoa o te kaipūtaiao, me whakaora ratou mo te huaai. Ko ia tetahi o nga tīmata o te pakanga ki te Turkey i roto i te tikanga ki te riro te uru ki te Moana Black. Ahakoa te Empress me kore e tuku i tana aroha ki te whawhai, he whakamahi hohoro kitea. Grigory Orlov, he tino o Catherine te nui, i tonoa ki Moscow ki te whawhai i te urutā o te whiu. i taea e ki te whakaatu te wahi ki tona pūkenga whakahaere, me te marama tahia te pa i te whiu e wehingia ana ia. tutaki Catherine aroha o te hero, whakahau ki te hanga i te Arc de Triomphe me maka mētara ki te whakaahua o te tatau i roto i tona kororia.

Sunset whetu kanapa

April 18, i tonoa 1772 Gregory ki Romania mo mau a'oraa ki te Turkey. I roto i tenei tere ako Orlov e i te tino hou Catherine II. tahuri te reira i roto i ki Alexey Semenovich Vasilchikov (1746-1813) - he koronete o te Life tiaki Regiment, i no ki te whānau rangatira rongonui. Gregory August 28 whawhati te hui, ka huakina ana ki St. Petersburg, hiahia ki te whakatau ki te Empress. Catherine i taua wa i riro kē i te pūrongo i te Kaute Panin ki te rongo i rahua te Eagles whiriwhiringa, a pae hopea ua faaoti ki te wahi i ki ia ki runga. kihai Empress tona aroha mua i roto i te whakarongo, a tonoa ia ki ā-tau i te "hararei", foaki ki te ihirangi taonga ā-tau, me te mano o mua. I roto i te 1777, ka moea e Earl tona whanaunga, e hohoro hinga mate ki te mate kohi, me te mate. kihai i taea e Grigory tu tona mate, pakaru whakaaro me mate April 24, 1783.

e kore e ora tu tonu

Alex Vasilchikov nohoia taua raraunga tino puritia e te tino o mua o Catherine te nui. Ahakoa ko ia 17 nga tau o muri atu i te Empress, engari rerekē kore o te mātauranga, me te hohoro hōhā ki te Empress. O taea te tāutuhia ona painga pipiri ore anake, a e kore i whakamahi ia i tona tūranga. I whakakapi ia i roto i 1774 ka haere Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potemkin, nei riro tetahi o nga tangata tino rongonui o tona wa, i te hononga ki i hoatu e Catherine whanau ki te tamahine - Elizabeth Grigorievna. Ko te toronga ranei o te hapu rangatira o te tikanga tano, ka Potemkin he Statesman nui, he hoa, me te tahi-te rangatira tūturu Empress. I roto i te "pou" tino i monohia Grigory e Petr Vasilevich Zavadovsky, nei hoki ka he dignitary rongonui. I roto i te kingitanga o Alexander ahau, tama a Catherine, i hoatu e ia te pou o Minita o te Mātauranga.

He kupu torutoru i roto i te mutunga

Apee Catherine 2, te mua te nuinga kaiwhakahauhau mana nonga Prince Potemkin, maitai angitu tetahi ki tetahi. Etahi o ratou, pērā i te hero o te Pakanga Patriotic, heke mai Alekseya Petrovicha Ermolova, riro rongonui me te aroha o te iwi. Te nuinga, tuhi i roto i tona pukapuka, "he tino o Catherine te nui" Sorotokina NM, whai wāhi i roto i te apo rahi, te pirau, riringi te takotoranga kāwanatanga. Kua whakatakotoria iho te āhuatanga o te kanohi te tafetafeta pouri i runga i te hītori katoa o te āhua Russian.

Ko te tino o Catherine te nui tino pai-mohiotia

Photos o etahi o ratou e nehenehe e kite koe i roto i tenei tuhinga. Ahakoa ehara i te mea katoa mōkai Empress. Tāpiri ki Makau Catherine 2, riro te rongonui nui: Aleksey Petrovich Ermolov (te hero o te whawhai ki a Napoleon heke mai), Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potemkin (te Statesman nui o te wā) ko Platon Zubov, te tino whakamutunga o te Empress.