Aperama Hannibal - koroua African pehe Russian

Nui-koroua o te rohi pehe rongonui Russian Aleksandra Pushkina Aperama Hannibal noho te ora roa e te ohipa. Ko te tama a te rangatira Awherika pai, i kahakina ia i roto i aruaruraa e nga Turkey, ka tangohia ki a Constantinople. I te tau o e whitu, ka puta mai te tamaiti ki a Moscow, a meinga ana ia hei tamaiti pango tino Pita I. muri, i taea ki te tiki i te mātauranga pai, me te hanga i te mahi hōia ngingila, maranga ki te paetukutuku o General-i roto i-Tumuaki ia. haere a Aperama ki raro Petrovich i hītori mo tona A. rongonui mokopuna S. Pushkinu, e whakatapua e tona mahi hītori "te Arap Petra te nui."

Rā me te wahi o te whanau o Hannibal

riro kiri pouri me te huruhuru mingimingi pouri Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu i tona-koroua nui Aperama Hannibal, i whanau nei i roto i te Africa tawhiti, me te wera. Ko te tangata faahiahia, fakatāutaha maheni ki Pita te nui, matalili Ioannovnoy, Elizabeth, me ētahi atu tuakiri rangatira o te rau tau XVIII He tupuna mangu o te punake nui. He aha ko te whakarau o-koroua nui o te Pushkin rongonui? Ako e pā ana ki reira ka taea e kia na roto i te tai'oraa i tona haurongo.

whanau a Aperama Petrovich Hannibal i roto i nga tau whakamutunga o te rau tau XVII. Ko te rā o tona whanautanga ko 1696 1697 ranei. Ko te wāhi tino pea o Hannibal whakaaro Abyssinia - rohe i roto i te raki Etiopia. Ko e tahuri etahi kairangahau haurongo o tupuna a Pushkin ki te whakapono e whanau ana-koroua nui i roto i te Sultanate o Logone, kei runga i te rohe o Cameroon ko Chad. I roto i te manakohia o tenei whakaaro tohu Hannibal he reta ngā ki te Empress Elizabeth, i roto i i huaina e ia te wahi o tona pa whanautanga o Logone. Heoi, e kore ia e taea te ki te kitea taunakitanga ā-tuhi o tenei putanga noa tenei ra.

Ko te tau tuatahi o te ora

I whanau, te-koroua nui o Pushkin, Aperama Petrovich Hannibal, kakahu te ingoa o Ibrahim. Tona papa, ko te rangatira Awherika nui, nei i tokomaha hoki ana wahine, me ngā tamariki. I te tau o e whitu, Ibrahim me tona teina tuakana i i kahakina e nga Turkey, ka tono tangata ki a Constantinople. He tamariki pango noho ki te whare (seraglio) ka anga ki te tunu i roto i te mau api Sultan. A ko wai mohio ana he aha e kua tupu, ki te i roto i te 1705 i roto i Constantinople tae Count Sawa Raguzinsky-Vladislavich a hokona ana ratou e rite te homai ki a Pita te nui.

He aha i te Russian Tsar hiahiatia tamariki Awherika, i roto i Russia huaina i arapchatami? haere ngā Pita te nui i roto i Europa, a maha whanga ana rite kingi ke i roto i whare te whakangaromia tamaiti pango. Lover o tāwāhi katoa me rerekē, hiahia ia ki a ko ia i roto i te mahi o te arapchonok. Otiia e kore e tetahi, me te reo matatini, me nga tikanga pai. I roto i te whakaaro ki nga hiahia o Pita ahau, Raguzinsky Vladislavich-ahau ka titiro i muri i roto i te seraglio te tika tino ki te mahi i roto i te whare o te kingi o tamariki pango me hokona (i ētahi atu puna - tahaetia) ratou i te matenga o te Seraglio. Na ko Ibrahim i Russia ki tona teina.

Te bapetizoraa, mahi minita o Pita ahau

I roto i te raumati o 1705 te Taenga mai hou arapchata whāngai Karaitiana i te Ekalesia o St. Paraskeva, Vilnius. I roto i te rite o te te bapetizoraa, ko Ibrahim ko Aperama me tona teina - Alex. mātua mea tōmua koroua Pushkin ka Potr Veliky me wahine o Polish Kingi August II, Christian Ebergardina. i homai tamaiti pango Patronymic te ingoa o te Russian Tsar iriiri ratou. I muri i tenei tamaiti African ka Ibrahim Aperama Petrovich. Hoki te wa roa whanau ia te ingoa o Petrov (i roto i te kororia o te mea tōmua), a anake i roto i te tīmatanga o 40-doma o te rau tau XVIII i whakakapi i te reira.

kua meinga a Aperama Hannibal blackamoor te tino o Pita te nui. I te tuatahi, i mahi ia rite te kaituku-priporozhnika (tamaiti, e noho ana i te paepae o te wahi kingi), ka riro he valet me hekeretari o te kingi. Pita ahau na whakawhirinaki tona kiriweti e tukua ki a ia te tiaki i ngā pukapuka, ngā mahere, me drawings kitea i roto i tona tari, a hoatu ana ki a ia nga misioni ngaro. I roto i 1716, i te-koroua nui o Pushkin, Aperama Petrovich Hannibal, haere ki te kingi, ki te haere i roto i Europe. I roto i te France i reira faaoti ki ako i roto i te kura engineering. I muri ako reira, i whakaurua Aperama Petrovich ki te ope French, a tangohia ana wahi i roto i te Pakanga o te 1718-1820 hauwhā-Union, i reira riro ia he patunga i roto i te upoko.

Ko te rangatira Hannibal i 1723, ka hoki ia ki a Russia, a ka whakapaipai i roto i te Preobrazhensky Regiment, i te mea i raro i te whakahau a Pita I. mihi ki te matauranga ngingila i roto i te pāngarau, riro i Europa, ka te tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te Engineer Army General Russian ia. I tua atu ki te pūtaiao tangohia, pai kaha Aperama Petrovich i te hītori, me te kaupapa, i mohio Wīwī ko te reo Roma, kia i roto i te hapori ki te kia tukinotia rite te tangata tino mātauranga. Na roto i te tikanga o-koroua nui o Pita Pushkin ko whakaako taitamariki rangatira, pāngarau, me te engineering. I tua atu, i whakaakona ia ki te iriti i ngā pukapuka ke i roto i te marae emepaea.

I roto i te whakarau

tonu Ratonga Aperama Petrovich Hannibal Pita noa tona mate i roto i 1725. I muri i te ngaromanga o te kiriweti o te Tsar i roto i manakohia ki te Prince Alexander Menshikov, e riro te rangatira de märena o te whenua. tupu tenei e tika ana ki te meka i mohio Hannibal katoa pai rawa ana hara, me ngaro. I mohiotia ia e pā ana ki whanoke me te tūkino Prince, me e pā ana ki tona hononga tata ki Catherine I. hiahia ki te pehea e o te kaiwhakaatu kino, Menshikov i 1727 te tango i reira i te marae, ka tonoa ki Siberia. I roto i te tohutoro ki a Aperahama Hannibal ko neke atu i te toru tau. Tae noa te mutunga o 1729 i tū ia i raro i hopu i roto i Tomsk, hoatu i ia marama mō te 10 moni.

Ratonga roto Pernove

I roto i te Hānuere o 1730 kake ia ki te torona emepaea irāmutu Petra Velikogo o, Anna Ivanovna. mahara ia i tukinotia tonu tamarikitanga Aperama Petrovich ia te pai. whakakorea te Empress hou whiu Hannibal, a tukua ia kia haere tonu tana mahi hōia. Mai i Hānuere ki Mahuru 1730, i whakarārangitia e ia kia rite ki te nui i roto i te hoia Roho, i muri i haamana'o ia i Siberia, ka whakawhiti ki te kei i roto i Eastland pa Pernau (inaianei - Pärnu i Estonia). Here i homai Arap Petra Velikogo te ana'iraa o te kaipūkaha-rangatira. Neke atu i te nga tau 1731-1733 i mahi ai rite rangatira mano o te rohe taiepa i roto i Pernovskom me whakaako whakarara i te whakahiko Garrison kura (Engineers hōia teina) tuhi, pā me te pāngarau. I roto i te 1733 rihaina Hannibal, ūkuia tona whakatau ki ngā raruraru hauora.

Marriage ki Dioper

I muri noa iho neke ki-koroua nui Pernau Pushkin o, Aperama Petrovich Hannibal, mo te wa tuatahi i roto i toku ora ki te whakaaro e pā ana ki te faaipoiporaa. bachelor Kua Whakamanahia nei i roto i te tīmatanga o 30-doma o te rau tau XVIII whakahaere ki te huri i te wha o nga tau kotahi tekau, kihai i tukua e i kore o whakarongo i te takoto ataahua. Hannibal ahua rerekē ngā nehenehe Russian, me pukapuka i roto i te Moor a ahi ko te rota, engari e kore ia hoatu ake take akakoroanga o te whawhai. roa na te roa o tona ora paetahi noa te mutunga o 1730, i runga i te haerenga pakihi i roto i St. Petersburg, tutaki ia he wahine ataahua Kariki Evdokia Dioper. Mura te kotiro mana'o ngākau faaoti African ki marena ia.

Evdokia ko te tamahine whakaotinga o te kaipuke āpiha e hoehoea Kariki i St Petersburg Andrey Diopera ki i a Hannibal ki te whakatau i roto i te tere pakihi. Roa roa i roto i te pane a te raki te whakatakotoria, i te aroaro o Aperama Petrovich ki tona utuafare. pai Arap tamahine taitamariki te kahui ka Diopera, a ka whakaarohia e ia te faaipoiporaa. Ahakoa te meka i ko Evdokia Andreevna i roto i te aroha ki te kuao rūtene Aleksandra Kaysarova ka i faaineine ki te marena ia ia, whakaritea tona papa e te godson o Pita ka hei ahau te pai mo tona rōpū. I te timatanga o 1731 kua marenatia ia ia i te kaha ki Aperama Petrovich i St. Himiona Ekalesia i roto i St Petersburg. I muri i te marena i haere te tokorua ki Pernau, te wahi mahi Hannibal. Ki kore Rūtene Kaisarov raruraru i Hannibal i te ara, i whakawhitia e ia ki a Astrakhan.

Te tinihanga me te marae

kihai faaipoiporaa Whakaū i kawea mai te oaoa rānei Aperama Petrovich, e kore tana wahine taitamariki. kihai Evdokia tane i aroha me te taiva ore e kore ia i puritia e. I roto i te Pernove titiro ia i te hōia taitama, me te hohoro riro te rangatira o te rohe Don Juan Shishkin, nei ko te akonga o tana tane. I roto i te hinga o 1731 whanau Dioper he kotiro ma-kiri, me te ataahua-rouru e kore i taea e te tangata e waiho te tamahine o te tangata whenua Awherika Aperama Hannibal. I roto i te Pernove, teiti hoki ki te wa tika 2000 noho, te rongo o te whanau o te rangatira mataaro pango ka tamaiti ma te sensation tūturu. nui-papa ruau o Pushkin Aperama Petrovich Hannibal mau kamo kata ka pouri e te taiata o tona wahine. Ko reira i roto i tenei wā i tuhituhi e ia i roto i tona rīhainatanga, i homai anake i roto i 1733 i muri i te pananga o Aperama Petrovich oho ki te kikī Karyakyula kei i Reval.

kihai i taea e Hannibal whakarerea noatia te kaituku-wahine. Ua faaroohia e ia mercilessly whiua ia, i pupuri kiia ake ka whakawehi ki whakamatea ia. E kore e hiahia ki te ora roa ki Evdokia i roto i te taua whare, tīmata ia he whakarere nui, ratou whakapa he ki a ia o te puremu. kitea te marae hōia Dioper hara, ka whakaae ki te tono atu ia ia ki te marae Hospital, i roto i nga herehere katoa. He te wahine tinihanga pau te 11 tau te roa. Ahakoa te meka i whakamatauria Evdokia he i, kihai i maka te marae ia i tana tane, a anake whiua mo puremu.

faaipoiporaa tuarua

A tavini Evdokia Dioper i te rerenga kōrero mō te he i, marenatia tana tahu i te rua o te wa. ka whiriwhiri a Aperama Petrovich he he takenga Swedish pai pai Christina Regina von Sjöberg, e noho i roto i Pernove. ko ia teina atu tana tane o te 20 tau. Te faaipoiporaa ki a ia Aperama Petrovich mutu i roto i 1736, hei utu o te whakarato i te tiwhikete o te tiwhikete whakarere o te marae hōia, whakau i te meka o te tinihanga o tona wahine tuatahi. I muri i te marena, ka kawea e ia tana wahine ki te kikī Karyakyulu.

i tukua 1743 Evdokia Dioper i te whare herehere, me te hohoro ka hapu. Hei marena i te aroha hou, ka rēhitatia ia he tono consistory wairua mō te whakarere ki Hannibal, i i mohio i roto i ona infidelities mua. mahi ohorere Evdokia tata utu Aperama Petrovich haere noa, me te mahi, no te mea i taea e whakawakia reira o mua. Roa whakahaerenga te faataaraa tae noa ki 1753, ka mutu ki Hannibal ohorere pai: i whakahau ia ki te ripeneta me te utu i te pai. whakaae Consistory tona faaipoiporaa ki Hristinoy Sheberg whaimana, whakaaro hara o tenei āhuatanga, te marae hōia, kihai i nei hiahiatia ki te titiro i te take o te puremu, kahore te aroaro o te Hinota Tapu. Evdokia nui iti waimarie. Hoki puremu mahia i roto i tona tamarikitanga, i whiua ia ki te whare herehere i roto i Staraya Ladoga ohu te wahi noho ai tae noa ki tona matenga.

uri

Marenatia ki Hristinoy Sheberg i-koroua nui o te rohi pehe i whanau 11 tamariki, a ora nei ki te pakeketanga, e whitu anake (Ivan, Osip, a Ihaka, a Pita, Sophia, Elizabeth ko Anna). hoatu tamariki Abrama Gannibala ia he rota o mootua. i tango a tana tama Osip i 1773 Meri Alekseevne Pushkin, e hoatu e 2 tau i muri mai whanau ki te tamahine, Hope - Mama poto Russian Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

He godson tamaiti pouri-kiri o Pita e ahau te tino tino ko tana tama matamua, Ivan. Ko ia he rangatira hōia Russian rongonui, me te rangatira o te Black Moana Fleet. I roto i te pakanga Russian-Turkish o 1768-1774 whakahau Ivan te whawhai o Navarino, a whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga o Chesma. I raro i tona kaiārahi i roto i 1778 i whakaturia Kherson. Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, ka tino me te tika o te faatura i te iwi nga uri o Abrama Gannibala.

mahi Military raro Elizabeth ahau

I roto i te 1741 ka hoki a Aperama Petrovich ki te whawhai. I roto i tenei wā, kake ia tamahine te torona Petra Velikogo o Elizabeth ahau, e manakohia nei Arap ka putanga tona mahi. E whakaatu ana Haurongo Abrama Gannibala e i roto i 1742 riro ia i te mea homai noa i te kikī Empress Karyakyulu i i ora ai ia, me te maha atu whenua. I roto i te taua tau, i hakeaki'i Hannibal ki te pou o tino rangatira mano o kakai, ka whakawhiwhia whenua whare e tata ana Pskov, te wahi muri whakaturia e ia te kikī Petrovsky. I roto i te wawe 40-doma o te rau tau XVIII i runga i te kaupapa o Aperama Petrovich Elizabeth Petrov ketia tona ingoa ki ka mau te atu ponguru Hannibal reira i roto i te honore o te rangatira rongonui o te onamata, ko wai, rite ia, he o uri Awherika.

I te 1752 ka whakawhitia e ia ki a St Petersburg i kakai Aperama Hannibal. konei mahi African koroua poto Russian rite te whakahaere i te wahi engineering, a muri mātakitaki i te hanga o Kronstadt ko Ladoga hongere , a ka whakaturia he kura mo nga tamariki a kaimahi me kaimahi. I whakatairangatia ana Aperama Petrovich ki te paetukutuku o General-i roto i-Tumuaki, ka mutu i roto i 66 tau o te tau.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o tona ora

I muri i te pananga o-koroua nui pango o Pushkin noho ki tana wahine i roto i te kainga Suyda tata St Petersburg. Ko ia he rangatira nui rawa, e nona neke atu i te 3 mano mua. I roto i Suyda pau te 19 tau whakamutunga o tona ora Hannibal. Ki te haere ki a ia, nui atu i te kotahi tae mai Alexander Suvorov, nei ki tona papa, ko Aperama Petrovich he hoa mo te wa roa. E ai ki nga hau, ko reira ia te tangata e tohe ana tona hoa ki te whakaako i tana tama ki ngā take hōia.

Winter 1781 i te tau o 64 tau ka mate Christina Sjöberg. mahue Hannibal ia e 2 anake marama, a ka mate April 20, 1781. Ko ia 85 tau. i tanumia a Aperama Petrovich i te urupā kainga i roto i Suyda. Kia aroha mai, e kore kua tona urupa ki tenei ra i ora taua. Na te whare, te wahi pau ana tau whakamutunga ia, Hannibal, ko tona wahi whakamahara.

Ko te totohe i runga i te whakaahua o-koroua nui o Pushkin

e kore e mohiotia te reira ki titiro matou to'utangatá rite Aperama Hannibal. Whakaahua o tona whakaahua i roto i te kākahu, māngai nei i roto i ngā pukapuka, me te i runga i te Internet, te mutunga tāutuhia kairangahau. E ai ki te tetahi putanga, whakaaturia i runga i te tangata kānawehi tawhito tino ko te-koroua nui o Pushkin Aperama Hannibal, i runga i te tahi atu - te whānui-i roto i-rangatira te wa o Catherine II Ivan Moller Zakomelsky. Kotahi ara ranei tetahi, engari te whakaahua Whatahoro o te tangata pouri-kiri i roto i te kākahu hōia, whakaaro te nuinga o Pushkin ngā kaituhi e tetahi o te torutoru whakapakoko ora o Aperama Petrovich.

Ko te maharatanga o Hannibal i tuhinga me te pikitia

Aperama Hannibal, kihai i Pushkin ia kitea. whanau te rohi pehe Russian rongonui i 18 nga tau i muri i te matenga o tona koroua Awherika. ko Alexander tonu hiahia i roto i te haurongo o Aperama Petrovich, a whakaahuatia ana ora i roto i tona mahi hītori oti "te Arap Petra te nui." I roto i te tau 1976, i te kaiwhakahaere Soviet Alexander Mitta i runga i pūrākau o Pushkin kua nekehia te kiriata āhuatanga "Te Tale o pehea marena Tsar Pita Moor". tūranga Hannibal i roto i te kiriata takaro Vladimir Vysotsky.