Battle o Smolensk i 1812 - i te kopuratanga nui tuatahi o te ope Russian ki Napoleon

Tū i roto i te tīmatanga o August, ko te pakanga o Smolensk i 1812 te whawhai tuatahi i waenganui i te Russian me Wīwī, a ahakoa kihai i riro te reira i te whawhai noho, engari kua riro te reira tetahi o nga ngā tino whakaari o te whawhai ki a Napoleon. Ka taea e tatou te mea ki te whakawhirinaki e tenei kopuratanga o nga mano tohua te timatanga o te whati i roto i te aroraa.

Ahakoa te taui o te ope Russian ki Moscow kore i mutu, Heoi, i muri i te pakanga o Smolensk i oti, ka mau te reira i te huru ahua rerekē, ka timata Napoleon ki ite e tere 'blitzkrieg "kore e mahi, ka wawe ranei i muri i ki te kitea huarahi hou o te pakanga me te pea ara papa whenua mo te rangaawatea.

Faahiahia, ahakoa kihai i kore Napoleon ranei te rangatira o te Army Western Tuatahi Mikhail Barclay de Tolly ki te whakahaere i te whawhai o Smolensk tamata ki te karo i reira tata e taea. a Napoleon ki te hanga i te whati i roto i to ratou mua tere i roto i te rohe Russian. No te mea o te hiahia ki te whakarite kai whaiaro e whiwhi-, nui totoro te hōia French i roto i te ringa, ka i ki kia huihui ano ki te ringa kotahi e ngana ai ki te hatepea atu te ope hauauru tuatahi o Barclay de Tolly i te komititanga ki te Army Tuarua, i whakahaua e Bagration, i te wa ano e rua o ratou i te whakapaipai.

he wehi ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai tika ki nga hoia o te French Emperor Barclay de Tolly mohio pehea te kaha, me te whakangungua ana hoia i roto i taua tikanga o te pakanga. kihai ia i hiahia ki te haaparuparu i te whawhai taua te kaha whawhai o te ope Russian, te mōhio e kore e taea ki te mutu i roto i tetahi take i te whakatairanga o te hoariri ki a Moscow. Heoi, e tika ana ki te pēhanga tamau o te tira emepaea me tona ake tianara, ko reira ti'aturi te wāwāhi kitea o te ope French, i ia ki te whakaae ki te whawhai tata Smolensk.

August 4, āwhio rima hōia Russian mano te patu tuatahi o te Wīwī i Smolensk, i pehi ratou mua, me te whakarato i te whai wāhitanga mō te Army Western Tuatahi ko Tuarua, te ahiahi o te ra ano, piri i roto i te whakarōpūtanga 120,000th ki mai ki te pa, me te noho i runga i te taha matau o te wahi tiketike Dnieper ritenga te 200,000th te ope Wīwī, ki te whakakaha i te taha maui.

Ko te ata Napoleon tūmanakohia e ka haere ngā hōia Russian ki te parae ki te whawhai mo te ahua katoa, engari e kore kua tenei tupu. Ko te rangatira Russian i roto i te tino, e hiahia ana tonu ki te mau tonu i te ope i tetahi utu, me te kore e hatepea atu i te whakapaipai, whakahau te taui ki Moscow. I roto i te tikanga ki te taupoki ana i te taui, a ki te roto i te aroraa o te hōia French, kua tohaina whare Rajewski ko Dokhturov me wehenga Neverovsky ko Konovitsina e waiwai, ka whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai ki te French. moni ope o Napoleon i Smolensk parekura ki pā ana ki 20 mano iwi. I ngaro te ope Russian hoia anake 10 mano.

Ko te ra i muri mai Valutina Mountains - he kainga kei 10 kiromita i Smolensk, i reira ko he taupatupatunga i waenganui i te ropu 3000th o Russian, whakahaua e Tuchkov, a 40 mano Wiwi i te take o General Ney, ka tono tangata e Napoleon mo te whakaaro o kōrero tapahia ope Russian putaatu . Tuchkov, aromatawai i te ati fai ki te nekeneke Russian o Ney, o ratou ake tonu tutaki te ara ki te French ratou kaha iti, tango i te tūranga rawa pai i te huarahi Smolensk. Nā ki te moni o ratou tūranga whakahaere Tuchkov ki pehi te Wīwī ra katoa, a tae noa mai te wā wa ki te haere ki te aroraa i. I roto i te kotahi whakamutunga, i tangohia e wahi kua i roto i te atarau, i patua te whānui toa i ki te bayonet, a ka tangohia ko herehere.

Heoi kihai i mau tautooraa Tuchkova i noa. whakahaere ope Russian ki te haere atu pai. Ko te kupu, i oti te whawhai a Smolensk, i roa te katoa o rua nga ra. hinga Smolensk, engari te ope Russian kahore parekura nui whiti te Dnieper, a taui hohonu ki Russia, he rite hoki atu ngā mahi whawhai.