Battleships o te USSR i roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao (whakaahua)

kaipuke rārangi he pū Armoured waka hōia, e whai displacement nui me patu pai. Battleships o te USSR kua whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te momo o whawhai, kia rite ki e taea ngāwari ratou fekuki ki te whakangaromanga o te hoariri i roto i te pakanga manuao e tono aro pū i runga i ngā whāinga kei i runga i te uta.

āhuatanga

Battleships e kaha pū waka Armoured. I te timatanga o te Pakanga Patriotic nui i roto i te mahi o to ratou whenua i tiketike rawa. Battleships o te USSR i te ratonga kounga i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā mea e kua tonu ake. Nuinga o ngā wā ngā rākau o te riri o te -ërä nui pū mīhini, korere tōkiri. Ēnei kaipuke whakarato te korero o Leningrad, Sevastopol me era atu pa takutai.

Class "Sevastopol"

Battleships tenei piha i te āhua tinana aroturuki, kei te whakaiti ai te rohe o te freeboard me aukati puka icebreaking. I he roa iti o te takere o te mua kaipuke 23,000 taranata, engari mau moni ki pā ana ki 26,000 taranata. Ko te wahie whakamahia waro, me te mea e hiahiatia ana te mahi takoha, te hinu. i rite rawa ēnei tama'ii Navy Soviet ki te mana te tipu o 42 000 rita. he. i te tere o te 23 knots me kauhoe tawhiti o 4000 maero.

Ka rite ki patu mahi rawa ki te rārangi pahuatia pū e whakaritea linearly me rerekē tere puhipuhi hangarau o 1.8 ia meneti. Ka rite ki te whakamahia patu i te toku 16 pu 120 mm, ko tona tere i 7 rauna ia meneti, me nga mea katoa mo whakanohoia ki runga ki te mahau waenganui. Tenei whakanohonga o te pū arahina ki te tōtika iti o te shooting, i, ngā ki hanga seaworthiness iti o te tama'i ratou uaua atu ki te whakahaere.

Enei tama'ii USSR i waiho i raro ki te ao hou, ara i te aroaro o te Pakanga II o te Ao, i hua i te whakapai ake o kaipuke silhouette: i ratou i te tank-tāpiri-i roto i taua piri piri ki te tinana, ka hipoki te tihi i kuaha roa. pāngia nga huringa te kopere, otaota mana me te ki te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ora mo te kapa.

"Paris korerorero"

Kei te ake tenei tama'i ki te hou. Ko teitei mana pūkaha i roto i te akoranga o te whakapai ake i tona displacement kua nui haere a me te ki 61 000 hp, te kaipuke he tere runga o 23.5 knots. Kua nui aro i roto i te ao hou, kua utua ki te whakapakari i patu rangi korero: te kopere, me te kei i 6 pū anti-rererangi 76 mm o, 16 pū pū , me te 14 pū mīhini. I whakamahia ēnei tama'ii o te Pakanga II o te Ao te Soviet Union i te korero o Sevastopol. Hoki te whawhai katoa i roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao tama'i whai wāhi i roto i te 15 pakanga, kawea atu 10 puhipuhi puhipuhi, kitea neke atu i te 20 patua i te rererangi hoariri, a koperea iho rererangi e toru hoariri.

I roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao, awhina te kaipuke i Sevastopol me Kerch Raukawa. puta te whawhai tuatahi i runga i Noema 8, 1941, a anake hoki whakangaromia te whawhai wā tuatahi i te tau nui o tāke, pu, waka hōia kawe etahi taonga.

"Marat"

Ēnei tama'ii awhina USSR te huarahi ki Leningrad, ārahi te korero o te pa 8 ra. I roto i tetahi o nga whakaeke o te hoariri i roto i te kaipuke ka haere mai tika rua poma e whakangaromia te kopere o te kaipuke, ka arahina ki te detonation o toa anga. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei hui fakamamahi patua 326 iwi - ngā mema o kaumoana. E ono marama i muri mai, te kaipuke puāwai wāhanga i hoki mai wahi aft, i totohu, e āhuru. tamata Tiamana mo te wa roa ki te whakangaro i te tama'i papaka, i whakamahia e to tatou hōia rite te pa.

Heoi, etahi wa i muri i whakahou te tama'i, me te wāhanga faaho'ihia mai, engari ara kua tukua tenei ia ki te tu atu i te ahi pū o te hoariri: i muri i te faaho'iraa mai o te kaipuke i ngaro e rererangi, pākahiko, me nga kaimahi o te hoariri. I roto i te 1943, whakaingoatia te tama'i o te USSR i te "Petropavlovsk", ka mawehe kau ano noa i muri i te 7 tau i mahi, ka whakawhiti ki te pokapū whakangungu.

"Oketopa Revolution"

I hāngai tēnei tama'i tuatahi i roto i Tallinn, engari ki kua te timatanga o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, kua hūnuku ki Kronstadt, te taenga atu ano timata te pa ki te podstupat Tiamana. "Oketopa Revolution" Kua riro te korero puhipuhi pono o te pa, mai ki nganatanga katoa totohu te tama'i o te Army Tiamana i kāore i. I roto i te whawhai, whakaaturia te tama'i nui o te USSR kua iho rite te hoariri pono i runga i te wai.

Mai i "Gangut" ki "Revolution"

ko te ingoa taketake o te tama'i "Hanko". Ko reira i raro i tenei ingoa, ka mau wahi i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao i te kaipuke: i raro i whakaturia i tona taupoki i maina, e muri whakatangihia kihai tetahi cruiser Tiamana. I muri vahe te ingoa hou o te kaipuke mahi ia i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, ko nga Tiamana nganatanga katoa ki te mahi ki a reira he kore. tama'ii Soviet o te Pakanga II o te Ao i roto i te whānui he pono: hei tauira, "Oketopa Revolution" i waiho i raro ki te maha rererangi me te pū patua, ka whakakeke tonu. Ko te tino taua tama'i i roto i te pakanga hua kitea e pā ana ki 1,500 anga nga marau rangi maha, koperea iho 13 rererangi, me te kua he maha nui o whara.

Hiking Main "Gangut" ( "Oketopa Revolution")

He meka ngā ko e te kaipuke teimaha o to tatou ope kore kotahi i roto i nga pakanga ao e rua - te tuatahi, me te tuarua - e kore e tutaki i roto i te whawhai kei ki te tama'ii hoariri. I tū te whawhai anake "Sevastopol" Ko tonu i roto i te Pakanga Civil, ka whitikiria te kaipuke kei te i roto i te kaipahua "Azard" ka pei i te whawhai kia rite ki te nui rite kaiwhakamate Ingarangi e whitu.

I roto i te whānui, "Hanko" tae mai pakanga e toru ki te Baltic, te wahi whakaratohia ia aku-whakapanga, aru e te Army Whero, riro ia he ingoa hou, a ka uru ki roto ki te Moana Baltic ope moana. whai wāhi tama'i i roto i te Soviet-Finnish War rite te tautoko ahi mō ngā hōia whenua. Ko te mahi tino wero ko te tama'i Leningrad korero.

I roto i te 1941, 27 o Hepetema, i te kaipuke hit he poma kotahi 500 kg, i wahia i roto i te rahoraho, ka haehae te pourewa.

"Arkhangelsk"

Kihai i te tuatahi katoa o te tama'ii o te USSR i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao i roto i te taviniraa o to tatou whenua. Ko te kupu, ko te tama'i "Arkhangelsk" ko te tuatahi he wahi o te kaipuke manuao o Great Britain, a ka i whakawhitia ki te Soviet Union. Ko reira faahiahia, engari i tahuri te kaipuke ki te US, kua rite rawa ki ngā pūnaha hihiani hou mō ngā momo katoa o patu. Ko te aha te hoki te "Arkhangelsk" mohiotia rite te Royal Ariki HMS.

I roto i nga tau interwar, te tama'i i hou e rave rahi taime, a tino. Na i nga huringa matua retrofitting pu. Ki te Pakanga II o te Ao tama'i e ko kua tawhitotia, engari, ahakoa tenei, tonu i whakaurua ai i roto i te kaipuke o te whenua. Otiia kihai i tona tūranga rite toa rite te tahi atu tama'ii: "Arkhangelsk" te nuinga tu atu te rohe o te kola Bay, i ngā ahi ino o te hōia Soviet me te hōneatanga o ka haehae nga Tiamana. I roto i te Hānuere 1949, i tukua te kaipuke i runga i ki te UK.

Kaupapa tama'ii USSR

Battleships o te USSR, te kaupapa i kua whakawhanakehia kua he momo o Engineers, kua tonu kua whakaaro i roto i te pono tino i roto i te ao. Hei tauira, kaupapa e whakaarohia ana he kaipūkaha Bubnov sverhdrednouta, kua ngā nei te aro o fakamatala o kōrero, te mana pū, haere nui-tere, me te rawaka te taumata o te rahuitanga. timata Hoahoa i roto i 1914, i ki te mahi matua o Engineers ki te tuu e toru pourewa chetyrehorudiynye i runga i te take iti, kihai i nei nui hoki taua patu. tahuri te reira i roto i taua noho i te kaipuke i roto i tenei āhuatanga i waho te korero anti-tōkiri pono. Ko te taputapu matua o patu i runga i tenei kaipuke i:

• whitiki patu matua, e toro ana ki te 2/3 roa o te oko;
• rāhui whakapae i runga i wha taumata;
• pourewa porohita pukapuka;
• 12 pu i roto i te pourewa, a 24 o aku ërä pū, i kei nei i roto i casemates.

mea Tohunga e te tama'i - he wae whawhai kaha, kua nei i roto i te rite ki te analogues ke kua taea ki te whakawhanake i te tere o te 25 noti. Heoi, e kore i rahuitia nui kē i te wa o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, a kihai te ao hou, o oko i whakaritea ...

Kaupapa kaipūkaha Kostenko

tama'ii Perfect o Russia me te Soviet Union toutou whakaorangia e ngā hōia Soviet. Ko tētahi o nga whanaketanga ko te kaipuke Kostenko, nei whakaaro ko te tata tino. Ko tōna āhuatanga ngā he āhuatanga pai-taurite o patu, tere nui me te pukapuka-kounga tiketike. hāngai ana te kaupapa i runga i te wheako Battle Anglo-German o mua, na kihai te kaipūkaha ki te whakawhāiti i roto i mua o te taputapu pū o kaipuke. Otiia ko te arotahi ki runga i te whakaōrite i patu te tinana, me te nekeneke.

I hangaia tēnei kaipuke rite te nui i roto i wha putanga, i tahuri atu ki te hei i te tere ko reira te kōwhiringa tuatahi. Ka rite ki o te putanga Bubnov, i te tama'i i te rohe whawhai nui, kīnaki nei i te bulkhead o te mau papaa parau e rua. pa pukapuka Whakapae papanga e rave rahi, i mahi iho rite Grinding patu. Rāhui whakamana i roto i te pourewa, tapahi, oko porohita, ano, tiaki kaipūkaha ki Torpedo korero, i puta tama'ii mua i roto i te puka o te bulkhead wä roa ohie.

Ka rite ki te whakaaro patu te whakamahi i kaipūkaha whakatinana matua pū ërä 406 mm, me te 130 mm. Ko te kei tuatahi i roto i te pourewa, i whakarato i te whānuitanga pai o te ahi. Kaupapa o te oko, rite kua whakahuatia, ko rerekē, e tākiekina te maha o te pu.

Kaupapa Engineer Gavrilova

patua ana Gavrilov ki te hanga i te tino kaha, te tama'ii haurokuroku pera-ka karanga USSR. whakaatu Photo i iti taua tauira i roto i te rahi, engari ki runga ki nga āhuatanga hangarau me te whakahaere i whai hua atu. E ai ki te ariā whānui, kanohi tama'i whāiti kaipuke nei whakaritenga i runga i te taumata noaa mimiha. ka mau te kaupapa ki pūkete anake te patu kōwhiringa tino kaha:

• 16 pu ërä matua 406 mm i roto i wha pourewa;
• 24 mongamonga 152 mm i roto i ërä o oku casemates o.

Ko te tino hāngai ki te ariā o te pahi Russian te wahi tuhia he huinga maere o mōrahi waiwai puhipuhi taea i te tere tiketike, ka tono kino taua rākau. Ko reira, i te ara, kahore i te pai i roto i te nuinga o te tama'ii Soviet. Otiia ko te pūnaha toko o te kaipuke tetahi o te tino kaha, no te mea e hāngai ana tona mahi i runga i te kapohau, transformers.

Āhuatanga taputapu

Battleships o te USSR i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao (fakapapau'i ratou kaha photo), rite Gavrilova kaupapa rawa ki te matatau tino i taua pūnaha wa. Ka rite ki nga Engineers mua, utua ana e ia whakarongo ki te tono, te tono ko matotoru paku nui. Otiia tuhu tohunga i roto i taua ara ki pū kaha, tere haere tiketike, me te rahi nui o tenei tama'i e kia rawa whakaraerae ina whakaminenga ki te hoariri.

hua

E ai ki ngā tohunga, ko te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao he taahiraa tino ki te tirohia i te tūnga o tama'ii Soviet ki wātea. Ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i, kihai i rite hoki te kaha kino, me te kaha o nga pōma ngota me patu hanga pū-arahina kaipuke whawhai. Ko reira reira ofi ki te mutunga o nga kaipuke whawhai o te aho mutu ki te waiho i te kaha whawhai kaha, me te whanaketanga o te waka rererangi e hāngai ana kawe-kihai i hoatu nui aro. whakahau Stalin te tama'ii waho i mahere mō te pahi manuao no te mea kihai ratou i te whakatau i nga whakaritenga o te wā.

Ka rite ki te putanga, i mawehe atu te kaipuke ngā o taua kaipuke, rite te "Oketopa Revolution" me "Paris korerorero", kua hoatu etahi tauira i roto i te rāhui. I muri, i mahue Khrushchev i mahi o te whenua tika he torutoru kaipuke puhipuhi taimaha, whakaaro ratou whai huatanga i roto i te whawhai. Na Oketopa 29, 1955 i roto i Te Tai Tokerau Bay o Sevastopol totohu te tino nui o te kaipuke Moana Black - te tama'i whakamutunga Soviet "Novorossiysk". I muri i tenei hui, to matou whenua te mea poroporoaki ki te whakaaro o ia i te wahi o tona kaipuke o tama'ii.