"Cornflower" (82 mm kumete): āhuatanga, whakaahua

Mōtā i roto i te rau tau XX ka te ahua mahuinga o patu hoia. E ai ki te tokotoko, toiletries ratou, i runga i te ërä, hangaia ki te pīkau i te kamupene wae, ope taua, taumata hoia, me te kara o rānei. tikanga Unique o te whakangaromanga ahi ko te "Centaurea" - moata ahei o te pupuhi pakū, a ki te tika te mahi ngā mahi i mua ahurei ki te pu pū.

He aha te mea te kumete

I roto i te tikanga matarohia o te moata - he momo o te patu e whakamahi ana i te awa jet i hanga nei ki runga ki pātīmata o whakatere tiaki. Ko te oko o tenei mea whakatau te ahunga me te tere tīmata o te tītere, ka karanga toku, me faaauhia ļa whai pakau pa. Fuse, te tikanga, ko te whakapā i roto i tona wahi mua. te tikanga ngā te hoahoa kumete pereti turanga tango, he bipod, te pūrere arata'iraa me kitenga. Ano, i hanga te tika i roto i te tikanga matarohia o te utanga i te aroaro o te pere. mahi Mina i te paraire o te pōtae oko tikanga i te muri o te tītere tahuna ana te whakapohū, hua i roto i te faaitoitoraa o whakatere tiaki.

Heoi, nga koko i roto i te USSR me nga kaitiaki i huaina Katyushas. Ko hoki "Tulip 2S4" te pūnaha, ahakoa tona āhua mārama howitzer, no ki tenei piha haapiiraa o patu, ahakoa kei te maha i te reira ki rite pū whaiaro-tīhokatia.

I roto i te Soviet Union i whāngai ai i te kumete "cornflower" i roto i te 1970. Whakaahua o te patu ahi hōpuni o te hoariri, ko te rōpū pea ki te pū. Heoi, mārama tohu te puka, me te hanganga o te anga e ko te reira aku. He paura kahore karekau, ko reira te opera. Na he aha te mea tenei symbiosis o pū me ngā mōtā? A he aha te mea te reira hoki? He aha e ona painga?

Mōtā me pu

Ngā take he aha e whānui, torutoru mōtā, a ko ratou nui katoa. āhuatanga tēnei momo o te patu e humarie whanaunga, tapatahi, whakakitea i roto i te manufacturability, ka mau tonu, he mana a Tūrongo, tiketike, me te kaha ki te taupoki ana i te whāinga i runga ake, i te rangi, e ko, i te aronga o te haumarutanga iti rawa. Hoki te pupuhi i te trajectory mau rimarima i te whakamahi i te howitzer kumete ranei. Cannon i roto i tenei ata whakaaro ake, he uaua ake, me te pūtea korero i roto i te nui utu. Pū, o te akoranga, i ona painga, ko te ki te whakapai ake i te whānuitanga roa, ërä me te tika, engari i raro i etahi tikanga tūpono i roto i te whawhai maha, e Paraire enei painga. Ko te raina i waenganui i nga tikanga noa e rua o te whakangaromanga ërä tata rawa kōmurua kumete "Cornflower", he whakaahua o e faahohonu i tona "hononga" ki pū. Tei runga i te tūranga o te oko, e riro te reira rite te kumete, howitzer me te pū mua, pihinga karaihe. Ki te ki tenei tāpiri tatou āhuatanga ngā o te auau tiketike o te ahi, riro kitea te patu ahurei.

Ko te hītori o te "Cornflower"

Ko te whakaaro o te hanga i te-kumete tere ahu i roto i te pou-whawhai Soviet Union. I roto i te tau 1946, te kaihoahoa VK Filippov te whakaaro te whakamahi i huriwhakamuri pūngao ki recharge te pū, whakatupato nei te ki kōaro. I roto i te ano, e kore te mea hou tenei otinga, ki te kahore te wāhi nui i i tono ai i roto i te pā ana ki te kumete, nui atu i te tere-pū. Filippova mahi he angitu, i roto i 1955 hua QAM i hanga e te Ope Soviet. Ko te tikanga mo te whakamahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga pahoho (casemates me kaha roa) ka ko te kumete aunoa tere-ahi. E whā tau i muri mai, i rite ahau, ka whakamatauria riro mara putanga o kama te ingoa o te F-82. No te take mārama, kihai i tenei tauira i tenei ra i roto i te oma production. I roto i te 1967, i muri i te tahi mau whakarerekētanga, ka whakaaetia ano ia e te kōmihana kāwanatanga. E ai ki te whakarerenga iho whakapumautia i roto i te pū, riro ia he puawai whakatarapi i huaina "Cornflower". 82 mm moata aunoa taea ahi ki te auau o te 100 RDS. / Min. ki te tere o te ahi o 170 rauna. Ko te rerekētanga i roto i enei whika e rua he tika ki te wa e hiahiatia ana ki te recharge te rīpene.

Whakarerekētanga o te "M"

E rave rahi tau o mahi i roto i te ope patu tukua nga Engineers ki te utu i te mutunga e taea te whakakahoretia te wai te meangiti i te oko. uhi nui tiaki i pukā i auau puhipuhi tiketike, e paheke ana, matotoru taiepa nui haere i roto i te rohe pokapū, whakarato i te rara mata e whakapai ake i te tikanga whakawhiti wera, me te fakahoko te tūranga o te rangi te meangiti whakamahana. I roto i te tahi atu tikanga katoa ko reira te taua "Cornflower". huaina te kumete ko 2B9M (whakarerekētia), āhua e mea ohie ki te wehewehe i te putanga o mua o te oko rarai. Ka rite ki i whakatikaia mahi atu o tenei otinga, rawa hoki ngā āhuatanga koraha, i roto i nei e ite i te hoia kaimahi o te wai.

He aha e taea e "Cornflower"

Kumete i roto i te putanga matarohia mamae i te koha hoahoa nui. te pūngao utu te ai displacement o te pūnaha katoa e tika ana ki te deformation whenua me ngā pānga pūkaha i runga i te kātua. I muri i ia pere, kua ki te whakarite tawhā me te whakaminenga ano te whāinga te tātaitanga. Ko te kumete pūrere "Cornflower" taea pūngao mui whai hua ki te homai i te anga hou ki te oko. absorbers ru waipēhi whakanohoia huri noa te kātua mahi ki te takanga mai tona taikaha. Ka rite ki te hua, he tiketike i roto i te ahi tūtira whakahaere tonu tika o ngā hua. E wha maina te ioka.

ringa rehe e

Ko tētahi o nga painga o "Cornflower" Ko tona ringa rehe e. Mai i reira ka taea e koe kopere i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē.

Ka taea te whakamahi 2B9 hei kumete noa, i roto i nei take e mahia ai te uta i te paraire. Heoi, ko te pū rerekētanga matua ko tona kaha ki te kopere i te pū kia rite ki te iti noa, me te ara tōraro (ki runga, ki te 1 °) koki o te tairanga. Hoki te pupuhi i roto i te "kumete" aratau, e toru ngā momo o utu, me te pū kariri tikanga paerewa kia whakamahia ai. E rua ngā momo: aunoa, me te kotahi.

kariri

He auau pere 3V01 wehewehenga kariri, kua hangaia nei mo te 120-mm moata "Cornflower". Ko tōna ha kongokonga mahi, engari i roto i te tua reira ngā atu momo o utu, tae atu hangaia tāpiripiri ki te whakangaro waka Armoured.

Ko te hanganga ngā te tiaki atu atu i ngā maina Shestiperov e-832DU, te tiaki propellant matua F-832DU. A, no te te tere tīmata 272 m / s whakarato reira i te whānuitanga o ngā pāpaka i 800 ki te 4270 m. Kariri propellant Mass ko 3100 karamu, nga whatiwhatinga i hanga i whati ki te ono, ia hau atu i te te karamu kotahi. Ko te pūtoro o te hinga tonu - 18 mita.

I tua atu i te tiaki propellant matua tikanga ki te whakawhiwhi i tētahi toku tere tīmata me whakaurua i roto i tona wahi hiku, a atu tono. Ko te whakatau ki te whakaae ki to ratou whakamahinga mō te tātai i te rangatira, ki te rapu i te whakaaro o te mea ki te ahi kumete "Cornflower". Pupuhi ngā tei runga i te pai rawa o te propellant atu. Ko ratou cheholchiki kakahu roa kei roto taikaha hipoki wahi annularly hiku o te tītere i mua, me te stabilizer titia e mingimingi pātene tikanga. takoto ratou matotoru e te maha - o 1 ki te 3.

nekeneke Aids

82mm kumete "Cornflower" e ata 622 kg, pera ki te kawe i te mīhini motuhake whakamahia. Ka rite ki taua, whakamahia nuitia urutau 2F54 GAZ-66, whakaritea. Ko te pū i runga i te haere i roto i te tinana, i roto i ngā take motuhake (mo huringa akiaki o te tūranga i ētahi atu āhuatanga ohorere-tīmatanga ranei) tukua e kukume. Kei Tātaitanga o wha (rangatira, hōia pū, Loader me te taraiwa kaitiaki).

Kua toutou ākina whakaaro angitu Engineers i roto i whenua rerekē ngana ki te hanga i tētahi kumete whaiaro-tīhokatia aunoa. "Cornflower" tāuta i runga i huriaro aroturukihia MT-LB i te Soviet Union ko Hungary, pera etahi kaimahi i roto i te Middle Te Tai Rāwhiti , me te i ēnei rā kei te eke ai ki runga ki te kaha waka ope American "Hammer".

Me pēhea te ki te kopere i te "Cornflower"

hariata auau rite ngāwari rite taea, he rite ki te pū mau reira, ki ngā te hoahoa paepae, me te anga. Translations ki huru whawhai arata'i ki te meka i ara atu nga wira te whenua, me te mahi i rite te tautoko me te tu Jack ki openers i whakarerea. moata aunoa "Cornflower" taea te whakaarahia ranei tuku iho, i runga i nga tikanga o te puhipuhi rānei. Ko te teitei mōrahi o te tairanga o te oko i roto i te tūranga o raro he 78 °, 85 ° i roto i te runga. A, no te pihinga nga apa ki te pinakitanga nui ake i te 40 °, i roto i te tikanga ki te karo tikanga kino i pānga i runga i te whenua, i raro i te papa take e hiahiatia ana te ki te keri i te hikinga. E whakamahia koki tairanga iti mō te whai i te oko i ngā taumata Armoured. I roto i tenei tūranga, whakamahia te kumete 82-mm "Cornflower" te rite te pū anti-tank ngawari ki te whānuitanga iti, engari rawa kaha.

whakaratohia titiro Panoramic te mo te ahi tika, i roto i tenei take huri i te tuku kōrero ränei (PAM-1). Ka rite ki te mea hoki wāhanga o te taputapu arata'iraa he pūrere rama "Ray-PM2M", hangaia hoki te pupuhi i te po.

tono whawhai

ka te whakamātautau whawhai nui tuatahi mō te whawhai Afghan 2B9. kawea atu Āhuatanga o te ngā mahi i roto i ngā wāhi maunga, ki io te pūmanawa i mua ia tatou patu ki te hope. Kua roaa tona rehe me te kaha ki te patua ngā taumata huna, ngā ki nekeneke, te faatura, i i whakamahia i roto i "Cornflower" hōia. maha moata whakaritea ki transporters iti Armoured MT-LB, tuku ki a koutou hohoro waiho te tūranga i muri o hohoko he tokorua, i waho e tatari ana mo te ahi hoki. Na ka ka kitea ai etahi kohakore hoahoa. I roto i te ngā, e kore te toku rīpene whiwhi tonu i runga i te wahi auau, me dosylka hiahiatia reira he patu hefty ki te hama, i ko tonu i Loader ringa.

I roto i te whānui, ki te kumete aunoa mohiotia kia te mea pai. whakamahia ratou i te reira i roto i te maha pakanga patu e kua puta ake i roto i te rohe o te mua Soviet Union, ngā i roto i te pakanga Chechen rua.

āhuatanga o

I te wa nei e kore te mea he mea ngaro te mōhiohio e pā ana ki te āhua o te mea pokepoke "Cornflower". ngaro hoki Āhuatanga tona whakarōpū haumarutanga no o te whānui o patu horapa huri noa te ao.

E faaohie tikanga nui taea, me te ārahitanga hanga i runga i nga whakaminenga takahuri. huringa ā-o poroporo kawea arata'iraa whakapae i roto i 60 ° i te poutū me -1 ° ki 85 ° (ka Jack tino whakaarahia). Ko te lesion pūtoro whawhai mōrahi ko 4.7 km. Kātua maina hurihanga maeneene whakarato ono pene wāhanga hiawero e he whanaunga kōhuri ki te tuaka wä roa. Kei te hangaia te rīpene mō te wha utu. kariri kaimahi ngā 226 min. taimaha o te motokā rawa Tapeke he neke atu i te ono taranata. Moving reira haere te huarahi i te tere o te 60 km / h ki runga whenua taratara - 20 km / h. I roto i te tūnga puhipuhi o te pūnaha, ko te täkupu hoki ma rima meneti.

Foreign "Cornflowers"

Ko te kuware, taketake, me te hangarau hoahoa pū. I roto i te ao te mea kahore analogues, ahakoa he inaianei hua enei tauira i roto i o te People Republic. I muri i te tiango o te Soviet Union, kua riro China he raihana mo te hanga o "pu-momo 99" - na roto i huaina China "Cornflower". Moata tukua rahinga nui, a taea inaianei te kite, me te rongo i roto i ngā wāhanga ngā o te ao hipoki i roto i te pakanga mura.

Mōhiohio e pā ana ranei ngā te "Cornflowers" i roto i te Ope Russian, he wātea i tēnei wā. Te nuinga pea, kua whakakapi ratou atu tauira tino.