Desalting wai: Methods me taputapu

Scientists whakapono e kua tae mai te tangata ki te wā, ka e puia i te pakanga ki runga i te wai hou. Hei whakaoti i tēnei raruraru, ko te kotahi anake te ara - ki te kitea te tikanga tino pai o te desalination wai.

He aha te mea he desalination wai

Tetahi inu i roto i tona hanganga he tetahi ōrau o Mariao, microorganisms, kohuke. Purenga o te wai kōrere ranei ngä taiao i reira matū kino. Otiia ētahi wā ko reira he wahi o te maha nui o tai e hanga ere i te reira mo te kohi.

Desalting o te wai - he whakaiti o kukū o tai rewa. Ka taea e te tikanga kawe i te pūāhua katoa ka tangohia te inu e o tetahi ihirangi tote, ranei te kanohi, ina tonu te nui tomu'a o te tote ki roto.

tikanga

whakahaere desalination tonu i roto i te ara e whai ake nei:

• Māturu, waiariki tikanga.
• Na roto i te utu katote.
• tikanga electrodialysis.
• Whakataka kiriuhi rerewai.

tutuki te tango wāhanga o te tote e te whakamahi i te ara e whai ake nei:

• Liming.
• tamarûraa Barite.
• utu te māraa H.
• Mīti.

rapu e rua pūtea, me te pūngao Methods o utu desalination wai. Tei tikanga maimoatanga Tīpakonga i runga i te ihirangi tote o te inu taketake, te mahi tāutanga, te utu o ngā wāhanga o te tukanga (wera, hiko, tauhohenga). Kei ia tikanga ona huapai me ngā huakore puta i te tikanga hangarau.

desalination wāhanga

Kowaiwai o te wai poke katoa whakamahia te i roto i te maha tukanga ahumahi me te hiahia mō te whakamahi ā-he tino iti te maha o te iwi. Hoki te whakamahi kāinga e hiahiatia ana te demineralization o te wai ki te whānuitanga etahi. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, te tamarûraa wai puta i cationization.

Ko te tukanga ko te whakakapinga mō tīhiko tai hauwai pakeke nei, i roto i te tahuri, tauhohe whakangaro katote hauwai pākawa. hanga Hua he pūhui i te putanga rite te hau. tata te tohu o te purenga e te maha o te konupūmā pākawa waro tangohia.

Māturu o te wai

Water desalination i tikanga Māturu - te tikanga matamua a te nuinga noa i teie mahana. Ko te painga ko tona wātea ao me te ngoikoretanga - te utu tiketike o te tukanga. Ki te whiwhi te wai, kahore täoke te whakamahi i Māturu. Ko ratou e rave rahi ngā momo o evaporators, te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou ko te hanganga whakamahia rite pūngao. Ko te tino noa - mamaoa me te hiko mīhini, āhuatanga e utu nui, me te kohi nui o te pūngao.

Ko te taputapu Ko te kōhua (ranei nga kohua i rave rahi) o te pēhanga iti te wahi e tahuri te wai ki kohu me wehe tai te aro. tutuki ki te whiwhi mōrahi taputapu purenga wai i roto i te pāmahana Reflux puhoi. Ki tenei aratau, e kore e nga poke taimaha tomo te distillate te tōtā te. Ko tētahi o nga kōwhiringa mō te whakaiti i te utu, ko te ki te whakapiki ake i te maha o hikoinga, engari taua tāutanga tā haumi nui tuatahi.

taputapu Māturu i roto i te tua ki te kohi o te nui o te pūngao he uara faahiahia o nga wahi katoa. Whakarato te viivii tiketike taea e putorino utu, vaolo, exchangers wera, evaporators, hanga o te kiripaka konukawata ranei. He kāore Ētahi rauemi.

tikanga iahiko

Kei roto i te tikanga i roto i te wahi o te wai i roto i te mara hiko, te kupu i reira ko te whakawhiti o ngā katote tote - e wehea tīhiko i te aronga o te pitoiho me ng ngota - ki te pitoake. E toru compartments, e kua hanga e te tikanga o te pitoiho me pitoake diaphragms te pūnaha. Ko te wehenga medial he wai, rite hoki desalination.

haere Stream te roto i te nāianei hiko tamau, ai puta kōmaka tai i te pitoiho me pitoake HWM. Ko te tikanga ko te utu taputapu rawa utu nui, me te utu o te hiko, a na reira kihai i horapa.

utu katote

Ko te ara tino pono, tutuki nei i te wai desalting - katote tikanga utu. Ko te parairetia o poke i roto i tenei tikanga ka taea ki a koe te tiki i te inu mārama i roto i te wa poto, i te mea nui mō te desalination ahumahi. Ko whai hua te utu te nuinga te tikanga, me te homai he hua pai horoi.

E hāngai ana te tikanga i runga i te tango o tīhiko i te wai, me te tote tīhiko, hua i roto i te purenga taea te tutuki i rerekē i te tohu o te demineralization ki runga ki te whakaoti i tango o āpiha tote. wai Desalting i utu katote puta ki te whai wāhitanga o exchangers katote e he waerau wai-rewakore kei roto i te katote turanga. A, no te rite tikanga i hanga polymer tomo te tauhohe utu ki te katote tote o te tohu taua. Whakanohoia i roto i tētahi taiao waiwai pupuhi resins, te whakanui ake i roto i te rahi i te 1.5-2 wā.

Ki te wahi o te wā i kohia resins rewa tai me pēpēhia. regenerated kukū katote moni, aru e ratou maimoatanga. E parauhia Products i takea mai i kukū resins katote-utu "eluates", ngā ratou tai me rongoā kawakore. Etahi o ratou, he matū nui reira kia tikanga o ngā wāhanga rite faufaa.

rerewai whakamuri

Hangarau ahunga whakamua, me te tīmata te mātakitaki hapa wai e hoatu ara ki te hangarau hou o te desalination me desalination. ara Popular o te whiwhi maimoatanga ki te whakataka rerewai, whakarite reira te tika o te whanaketanga o te hangarau membrane. moni arumoni meinga e te kohi pūngao āhua iti. Kei te whakamahia te nuinga o nga whakaaro o tenei parau tumu no te purenga o te wai awa, i whakamatauria ratou wa maha pai.

Hoki whare whakamahi i te tāutanga mō te wai desalting i runga i te parau tumu rerewai whakamuri, e tika ana e rua i roto i ngā o te kohi pūngao, me te kounga o te hua hua. Ko te parau tumu o te rerewai whakamuri he e haere wai i raro i te pēhanga i roto i te membrane i te mea impermeable ki tai rewa me ētahi atu poke. Tukanga desalination whakarato kiriuhi āhua-permeable waihanga, e kore e taea e mau etahi o nga haurehu rewa i roto i te wai (māota, te hauhā me te pera i runga i.).

ka tahia atu tikanga rerewai whakamuri te wai i poke katoa, i reira te mea he demineralization oti, i te mea kino ki te tinana tangata. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, kua ki te whiriwhiri i waenganui i te wai tap tukinotia ki te awhina o te tātari ranei te tangata toharite. Lesser kino he wai, kowaiwai o kai māori katoa.

I teie mahana i roto i te tahi mau whenua i reira e kua whakato mo te hanga o te wai inu, te wahi desalination te whakamahi i te tikanga rerewai whakamuri, ka rite ki te atu whakatau aftertreatment i reira hau rewa. Hei hoatu i te reira i te noa, tata ki te āhua i roto i te hinonga i roto i te wai e purea ana te tāpiri ki te kukū tote tika aianei.

Pai me ngā raruraru o te tikanga matua

Ia o nga tikanga o te desalination wai kua rua ngā āhuatanga pai me te kino. Whakaaroa ratou i roto i te taipitopito, ka taea e kite koe i etahi o ratou ki te hoatu hiahia ki:

• tauturu utu Ion ki te tiki i te wai parakore tino, he pono te pūnaha, me te kore e urupare ki te tohu tuatahi o te mineralization wai, e titau te reira utu taputapu iti. e tukanga desalting wahi i te parekura rere iti. Ko te huakore o te tikanga ngā te contamination tere o te taiao ki te matū kino, te utu tiketike o te matū hohe ratou, riro hohoro paru te pūnaha, me te rapu utu whakakapinga tātari auau. he mahi wehe, ki uauatanga tikanga o te ururua me te tātari wahi.
• Māturu. whakaatu Installations mō te wai desalting i runga i te tikanga ngāwhā whakamahia waho te whakamahi o ngā matū matū taea te whakamahi te kounga hua wai pai i hanga i roto i te wera mahi mo te tahi atu mau tumu. Ko te āhuatanga o tenei tikanga ko te taea ki te whakakore i te haurehu rewa. Ko te huakore o te tikanga ko: utu pūngao tiketike, te hiahia mo te maimoatanga wai, te utu o te tiaki tāutanga (horoi o nga wahi katoa), te utu nui o te taputapu.
• He rerekē ki te ruggedness taketake o te wai pūnaha membrane hoki e kore e te tukanga rapua e ngā matū, he ngāwari ki te mau tonu. mau huru tōraro ko: te faaineineraa o te tukanga maimoatanga wai, he nui nui o te wai mo te mahi o ngā pūrere, te kohi mana tiketike, e pā te utu hua whakamutunga.

Desalting i te kāinga

filtration Water - te ara tino utu ki pou-maimoatanga. Desalting o te moana ranei te poka inu i roto i te whare, i reira e rua ara noa:

• He ipu o te wai ki te hoatu i roto i te pouaka tio, ka waiho ki te whakatio oti. Tote ki te wahi o nga paari wai, kia rewa i te huka, a taea te whakamahi tonu. Hoki purenga atu e tika ana ki te mahue i ahua o te wai i tetahi i roto i te tātari whare. huaina te tikanga ko Māturu matao.
• Whakaetonga. Tangohia e rua ipu rahi rerekē o, kua ringihia ki te wai moana / tote nui, he maui kau, me te whakanohoia i roto i te peihana nui raro. Ka taea te whakanohoia e te hanganga katoa mō te whakawera i roto i te rihi ranei i mahue i roto i te ra, i muri i te kati i te taupoki. He tika ki te whakatutuki i te koropupu puhoi tai. Couples tangohia o te tote, ka kia hāngai i roto i te tank he kau. Ka rere te whakaetonga i roto i te ra nui atu āta. I roto i tenei tikanga riro te reira i te nui iti rawa o te wai inu.

Desalination me taea desalination wai artisanal, engari hua rawakore. e kia te kōwhiringa pai ki te hoko i ngā tipu maimoatanga whare.

tāutanga kāinga

Hoki te whakamahi kāinga maha hiahiatia te pūnaha mō te purenga wai. kia whakamana Water filtration i roto i te maha o ngā huarahi:

• Ko te māmā me te tino utu - oko ki whiriwhiringa replaceable.
• Te tātari pupuha i runga i te warou.
• whiriwhiringa wai Ripanga.
• Embedded pūnaha, e mau ana i roto i te horoi i wai i runga i te whakanohonga (te kīhini anake, te mata kai o te urunga wai ki roto ki te whare, multistage purenga tātari wai i puna wai tena i, a na i runga i. D.) rānei.

e kore e taea e kore pūnaha kāinga faaore rawa tote i te wai ki te fakamolū wai pakeke engari taea. I roto i tenei take, e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio he aha te āhuatanga e kukū reira ki te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha mō te cartridges wai, whiriwhiringa tauhohenga ranei. titau tukanga Desalting taputapu whānui, he wāhi nui mō te tāutanga, haumi nui pūtea me te wātea o te ratonga pūnaha kahore he e wātea hoki te whānuitanga o kiritaki ngā.

Ngā momo o Household Cleaning

Ki te rā, te momo e whai ake nei o te maimoatanga wai nuitia whakamahia:

• filtration waro. Ko te pūrere Ko te ipu ki tonu i te rakau, waro whakahohe ranei. Water e rerengia ana i roto i te tātari, horoia o māota huānga hinuhinu, patukīrea, microorganisms, huakita me te rite. D. he wātea i te utu, roa, me te ngāwari ki te whakahaere te tātari.
• horoi pai. Kei te wehea tēnei momo o te tātari ki e rua ngā momo - kotahi-mahi, me te multifunction. Hoki tetahi kōwhiringa o mahi e hiahiatia ana - tonu te huri cartridges mo wai, te whakakapi vaolo me pera atu.
• Strainer. Tangohia poke korakora nui (onepu, te waikura, Koinei me pera i runga i.).
• horoi Deep. Na roto i tenei momo tātari ngā pūnaha ki te rerewai whakamuri, whiriwhiringa maha-atamira, a na i runga i.

I roto i te nuinga o ngā rohe o Russia te reira e hiahiatia anake horoi atu o te wai, ka rite ki ngā rauemi wai i roto i te whenua ko te rawaka. Ko te rohe anake te wahi i reira kia kia he kore o te wai hou - ko Crimea, te wahi, pea, e rapu tipu ahumahi ki te desalinate wai moana. nga whakaaro katoa mo e mau ana i roto i nga tukanga he ārai. kia Desalination me demineralization o te wai kia hanga ki tikanga pūtaiao e hāngai ana ki te hua whakamātautau e tika ana i raro i ngā āhuatanga taiwhanga.