Donato Bramante - he kaihoahoa tino o te Italian Renaissance

Donato Di Paskuchchi d'Antonio (1444-1514), pai mohiotia rite Bramante no ki te rangatira nui Renaissance. Fanauhia i raro i te ra kanapa, me te rangi puru i roto i Itari, me nga hoa tamarikitanga ki te urupa pai o onamata, hanga ratou e kore anake mahi nui o te toi, me te taitahi hītori katoa.

Ko te timatanga o te auahatanga

Donato, e tupu ake i roto i te utuafare kaiahuwhenua i roto i te duchy o Urbino, tuatahi ako peita a tutuki angitu i roto i te ahua i taua wa pikitia, e hanga te tokonga o te wāhi anō. Engari kia rite ki te tamaiti, kia rite ki tona piokālafi Dzhordzho Vazari, i hiahia i roto i te āhuahanga ia, a mahi tātaitanga pāngarau mō te hanganga o ngā whare.

Ahakoa te rongonui Donato Bramante, he tawhiti tona haurongo i oti. Hoki ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te tau wawe o te kaihoahoa ko te tino kau, engari e mohio ana matou e haere ia ngā, e mahi ana whakahau iti i roto i Urbino, Bergamo, Mantua, Florence me era atu pa Italian. Ko te hua matua o enei manene i te wheako me te matauranga e kua hanga e kore anake i roto i te mahi, engari awe hoki i hui ki te rangatira kōhure o taua wa.

I roto i te porohita o te nui

i awe auahatanga e Bramante kaihoahoa rongonui, kaipeita me kaiwhakairo o Itari: Filippo Brunelleschi, Ercole de 'Roberti, Andrea Mantegna me ētahi atu. O te faufaa rahi no te Donato i te hui ki Leonardo da Vinci, ki nei i tata e pā ana ia. Otiia puta reira i muri mai i runga i ka riro Bramante kua he ariki mōhiotia. Fakataha ki Leonardo, mahi ia i runga i hoahoanga hoahoa take rama - he tāpiri-i runga i motuhake dome o whare i whakarite i te mahi whakapaipai e kore anake, engari mahi ano hoki ki te marama, me te ventilation.

akomanga peita

Kua te wā tuatahi o te mahi a te kaitoi kua pā ana ki peita, ahakoa noa ka hanga Bramante te huahua me tuhi o wahi kua ururuatia noatia me kumea te huahua me tānga o whare.

Ko te peita anake ora i te ariki, ko te "Karaiti i te Tīwae" - peita i runga i te rakau i roto i Abbey Chiaravalle, e tata ana Milan. whakahaere te artist ki te waihanga i tētahi whakapakoko rawa kiko, me te ri'ari'a e te pūtirotiro he pānga kaha aronganui. Peita ano whakaatu te Donato Bramante technique toi tūturu - te hanga i te tokonga o te wāhi nui.

kua ngā te whakapaipai o nga wanihi e tonu Donato nui atu i kōrero peita me i tona tikanga o te whakapakoko wāhi hoahoanga kua he pānga i runga i te mahi o toi Italian rite Ambrogio Bergognone, Bernardo Dzenale me ētahi atu.

Otiia ko kaha te marama ki te hoahoanga, a i roto i nga tau 80 o te ariki i oti rawa ia katoa ki tenei rohe. kumea ana Cardinal Ascanio Sforza whakarongo ki Donato Bramante, kua riro mōhiotia nei mahi, a ka karangatia ia ki a Milan.

Ekalesia o Santa Maria presso San Satire

Ko te tuatahi tino whaiaro-hanga e Bramante tenei. I hanga te reira i roto i te rau tau XI, engari te ariki e anō-whakaritea rawa, ka hanga te whare, te hanga i te kaupapa hanga hanga hou, tahi ki te rongonui Giovanni Amadeo.

hanga te hahi i roto i te iho o te wawe Florentine Renaissance, Heoi, e te ua kua ngā hou, me te te Lyubov Donato Bramante ki hoahoanga tawhito.

Ko te roto o te hahi, rawa te Sanskrit (te wahi i te aata, i mau nga kakahu o tohunga me oko), ano puritia e Bramante. He he mārama kitea tikanga o te kaitoi, motuhake i roto i te peita roto. e kore e whakaaetia te kore o te wāhi ki te mahi i roto i te hahi kanikani tonu, a kua hanga te kaihoahoa te tikanga o te peita i te tokonga o ake wāhi, ka kumea ana te himene i runga i tetahi o nga taiepa.

Kua i te hoahoa o tona mahi hoahoanga tuatahi he kaihoahoa pai whakamatauria Donato ia.

Ekalesia o Santa Maria delle Grazie

Koe no te reira ki te whare tino ataahua o te Italian Renaissance. Tuatahi, hanga te hahi i roto i runga i te kēnana o Gothic, engari i hanga Bramante ki tona hoahoa, huringa nui, pērā i te Apse reatoru me te whakamahau ki tīwae i roto i te kāhua Korinetia. kua hanga ohorere taua tāpiritanga hanga Gothic tenei hahi he hanga hoahoanga rawa ahurei.

Ko te mahi i runga i tenei kaupapa faaite hapori o te rangatira nui e rua o te Italian Renaissance. peita Leonardo da Vinci i runga i te kuwaha o ki te feti'a hahi e tohu ana i te Madonna. A, i roto i te āhukahuka o te kaiwhakaruruhau pai muri ki te wahine a Meri whakanohoia te ahua Lodoviko Sfortsa me tana wahine.

Ko te wā Roma o te auahatanga

I roto i te Mahuru 1499, noho hōia Wīwī Milan, a haere ana Bramante ki Roma, i reira i whakaritea ki a ia Pope Julius II ki te pou o tino kaihoahoa o te Vatican.

I raro i te aronga o Donato Bramante hanga te kauhanga toa e rave rahi hahi, hanga ana e ia he iari nui Belvedere Palace Kanchelleriya faaineine, whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o te whare o te marae, me te i roto i te hoahoa o te Basilica o St. Pita. Ko te tihi o tona auahatanga e kore e enei hanganga nui, me te fare pureraa iti.

Tempetto i roto i San Pietro i Montorio

Tenei whare porohita iti porohita, hanga te wahi i ripekatia Apostol Petr, whakaaro tetahi o nga fakatupu pai e kua hanga i roto i te Renaissance kaihoahoa Itari.

Tempetto rawa mauritau, me te, ai tetahi mea, he pai i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te puka hoahoanga. Kia aroha mai, no te mea he uaua te fare pureraa i roto i te tirohanga matau o te narrowness o te marae o te ohu whakapono whakaahua Dominican, na kahore pikitia e kore te kawe i tona ataahua.

I meatia hoki te roto o te whare porohita e kaupapa Bramante. Here, hoatu tākaro ki tona taranata me te kaihoahoa me kaipeita tonu.

mate Donato Bramante April 11, 1514 i roto i Roma, a kahore he wa ki te whakaoti i te mahi tino hao o tona ora - he kaupapa o te St. Pita Basilica. Ko te tūranga o tenei kaitoi faahiahia i roto i te whanaketanga o Renaissance hoahoanga kore he iti nui atu i te takoha o Leonardo da Vinci me Raphael i peita, me te i roto i te whakairo i Michelangelo.