Dzheyms Uatt - te ihi o te pūkaha mamaoa

ko Dzheyms Uatt te tetahi nei mahi ko te mutunga i roto i te revolution ahumahi o Ingarangi me te ao. Engineer me ihi o Koterana rave i roto i te whakapai ake i te mīhini Newcomen, meinga tona pūkaha whakaaro-whakaaro maha.

tau wawe

whanau Dzheyms Uatt i roto i te hapu o te hanga o kaipuke, me te kaihanga o nga tikanga ngā o Hemi. Tona whaea, Agnes, ko te māngai o te whānau taonga, i tetahi wa riro ia he mātauranga pai.

Hei marama puta 19.01.1736 te ma'imi heke mai, whanau te tamaiti i tino mamae, na riro te mātauranga tuatahi i te kāinga i to ratou mau metua. E kore taea te tamaiti tākaro ki ō rātou hoa hoki o te hauora rawakore, na pau te nuinga o tona wa i runga i te mātauranga-whaiaro.

Ka rite ki te taiohi, he matū me te tātai arorangi ana kaupapa tino. Ia ano hoki i aroha ki te hanga tauira te huarahi e hanga e tona papa.

Ki runga ki pa te tau o te paetahi kura tuatahi tomo Hemi te hākinakina. faaite e ia angitu nui i roto i te pāngarau. pai te tamaiti ki te pānui i me te rota o reira, i rapu ia ki te manatoko i te mahi.

I te tau o waru ngaro te tangata i mau i ana whaea. Ka kitea tēnei i roto i te hauora me ngā take o tona papa, na i Hemi ki te tango i te tiaki o ratou. oho Young tangata i runga i tau i Scotland ki Rānana ki te ako i te mahi, i pā ana ki te mea ruri. I tū whakangungu ōkawa mō te whitu tau, engari te moni i Hemi i nui anake hoki te tau kotahi. ka anga ia ana akoranga ki te hanga o nga rangatira, me te kāpehu. Maoro, te ākonga taitamariki taea te whakaputa hauwhā geodolity me ētahi atu taputapu mātanga.

I roto i te tau, te tangata taitamariki tata kihai i haere ki waho. te wa katoa i mahi ia: i roto i te ata - i runga i te ope, a ka i roto i te ahiahi - ki te tikanga. Na i taea e ia te whangai ia. I tua atu, e tika ana ki te meka e kore te ia i tabulahia i rite te ākonga e pā ana, i takoha i runga i tona ara ki te tango i roto i te kaipuke.

mahi tuatahi

I puta ia i te whakangungu, Dzheyms Uatt ki te hauora rawakore hoki ki Scotland. faaoti ia ki te whakarite i to ratou ake mahi i roto i Glasgow, i ko ki te waihanga me te whakatika taputapu. Otiia i ia ki te mahi ki te uniana o nga kaimahi, e riria iho ia ki te mahi i tenei mahi. Ko te take e kore i whakangungu ōkawa Hemi. kihai i tauturu te reira e ko ia te māngai kapu o te mahi i roto i Scotland.

Ko te tangata taitamariki whakaora take. I tenei wa i roto i te University o Glasgow tae taputapu rōpū mō te mahi tātai arorangi. ka ui ratou aro tamau, tae atu tāutanga. Na roto i ona hoa whiwhi Wyatt te whai wāhi ki te mahi. I whakaritea ano e ia ariki o nga mea pūtaiao o te faanahoraa. i ia te whai wāhi ki te waihanga i tona ake awheawhe.

I roto i te kura, ka tutaki Hemi ki a Hohepa Black, e ako matū. tauturu te Kaiwhakaako aivanaa i roto i te whanaketanga o te tahi mau mea matū e ka whakanuia kēmihi rangahau anō.

Ki te 1759 Kua pai ake Watt mea. I whakahaerehia tēnei e tētahi hononga ki te kaipakihi John Craig. whakaritea ratou te mahi i runga i te hanga o ngā taputapu, me te taonga tākaro. Kua tino nui haere Income ihi. mutu to ratou hononga i muri i ono nga tau i te mate o Craig.

wā o te tenenga

i vai kē pūkaha mamaoa o Newcomen mō te maha o ngā tekau tau. Nuinga o ngā wā i whakamahia ai mō te wai te kutētē. i kore noa tamata No tetahi ki te whakapai ake i te reira. Mai 1759, i tutuki te whakaaro o te tono i te tokorua hiahia Watt, engari ana nganatanga.

I roto i te 1763, ka ui ia ki te rangatira te māngai o te University o Glasgow ki te tono ki te āwhina i roto i te hanga o te ngā Newcomen hanga tahora. i taea e ki te noho ki a ia he maha o ngā Watt. i taea e ki te whakatika i te tahora me te kia te memeha noa o tenei mīhini ia. hanga Watt kua etahi whakapainga i roto i te hoahoa, engari kihai i reira nui.

E rua tau i muri mai, i kitea Dzheyms Uatt i pehea koe e taea e te waihanga i tētahi pūkaha korohū tino. ka anga ia ki te whakatinana i tana mahere i roto i te ora. I te tau 1769 tukuna e ia he ārai mo te ruma hiri ki whakawhāiti. i taea e ki te hanga i te tauira mahi kua mahi e i runga i tenei parau tumu ia. Hei waihanga i tētahi motokā-rahi tonu, i ia kahore moni. Tenei Ua tauturu Dzhozef Blek, Dzhon Robak. kihai i mutu raruraru i reira, no te mea ko reira e taea ki te whakatutuki i te pū e tika ana i roto i te hanga o te rango me te kōkeke. Ano, ka kaihau Roebuck.

kitea Watt he kaitautoko hou. riro ratou Mettyu Bolton, nei nona te faaiopoiporaa. Raruraru i roto i te te hanga i te rango faaoti Dzhon Uilkinson. Ko te angitu arumoni o tona tenenga Watt riro i roto i te hanganga o te kamupene tahi ki Mettyu Boltonom, i whakahaeretia hoki e rua tekau ma rima nga tau, a kawea ana nui taonga ki te ma'imi.

kihai i rapu Watt noa ki te whakapai ake i te mīhini Newcomen, hiahia ia ki te waihanga i tētahi tauira ki te nekeneke ao. Kua arahina ana tautooraa katoa ki te tikanga hou i roto i te mahi o te pūkaha mamaoa, i arai ia i raro i te ingoa o te nekehanga planetary. Ko reira ki timata tenei tikanga ki te mahi i te pūkaha steam tuatahi e James Watt.

I muri i te angitu o te mīhini hou timata maha nganatanga ki te haapaari i. I roto i te whawhai mo te ingoa o to koutou ake mahi Watt me Bolton i takoha ki te noho i te rota o te moni i runga i ture. Ka rite ki te hua, i taea ki te tiaki i to ratou tika ratou.

Te tikanga o te tenenga

Ko te ārai hoki i te pūkaha o Hemi Watt rehitatia i roto i 1769. I roto i te tuhinga, ka takoto te tikanga e te kaituhi o te ārai kihai i whakaaroa te motokā hou, me te pūkaha mamaoa. kihai i tino matau Watt te faufaa i roto i te heke mai ka waiho i te reira hei whakapai ake.

Ko te hiranga o te tenenga ngā i roto i e neke te kōkeke pūkaha raro i te mana o te korohū. Nā ki tenei i reira taea ki te whakapiki ake i toutou te mana, te hanga atu pēhanga. Ko reira kore tika ki te whakapiki ake i te rahi. Ngā mihi ki te tenenga, he reira taea ki te hanga i te pūkaha, me te iti i muri mai i te kaipuke.

āhukahuka

Ahakoa i roto i te ora o te ma'imi motokā kua revolutionized James Watt te ahumahi. Ehara i Koinei, i pōtitia ia fakafofonga o sotaiete maha. Ia hiahia noa ki te tohu i te taitara o te Baron, engari kihai ia i te reira.

Kamupene, i pōtitia Watt:

• Ko te Royal Society o Edinburgh.
• Taumauri Society i Rotterdam.
• Hāngai Mema o te French Academy.
• Marama Society i Birmingham - he whakahaere ōpaki mo te pūtaiao Ingarangi Māmá.

tau tata nei

Haurongo o James Watt fakamo'oni'i pehea pūkenga tuakiri ko ia. Diversity o tona matauranga pono kaituhi miharo Walter Scott, i fakafo'ituitui nei mohio ki te ma'imi.

I roto i ana tau i muri mai rave Watt i roto i ona ake mīhini production e taea te tārua i mahi whakairo pērā i reliefs, whakapakoko, me ētahi atu oko.

mate ia ariki 19.08.1819, i waru tekau-toru o nga tau. I tanumia ia i roto i Hendsvorte.

Family me ngā tamariki

Dzheyms Uatt, te tenenga ko he pakaruhanga i te ahumahi, kua marenatia rua. ka mate tana wahine tuatahi, Margaret Miller, i roto i te 1772 i muri i hoatu whanau ki a ia tuarima ratou tamaiti. Otiia ki te ora pakeke ora e rua anake tamariki, ko rite ngā mātua, Hemi ko Margaret.

wahine Tuarua ko enn Makgregor i 1777. tahi ratou tamariki ko Gregory ko Janet.

meka ngā

patua ana Watt ki te whakamahi rite te kōwae mana i huaina te "mana hoiho". Heoi, i roto i 1882 i te kaupapa o te Association Ingarangi o Engineers i faaoti i te reira ki te tautapa i te wae o te kaha i roto i te ingoa o te ma'imi. Mai taua wa, i hanga te tikanga whakamahi a Watts. Taua ko te wa tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te hangarau.