Fabric conductive: hanganga āhuatanga

E tito Tata katoa kaiao multicellular o ngā momo rerekē o te kiko. Ko reira he kohinga o ngā pūtau, rite i roto i te hanganga me ngā mahi noa. No te tipu me te kararehe, e kore e te taua ratou.

He momo o te kopa o kaiao ora

I roto i te wahi tuatahi e taea te wehea papanga katoa ki kararehe, me te huawhenua. He rerekē ratou. Kia titiro a ki a ratou.

He aha i taea e te kiko kararehe?

Animals he momo kiko taua:

• io;
• uaua;
• epithelial;
• hononga.

Kua wehea katoa ko te tuatahi ki ngā momo. Uaua kikokiko he maheni, striated me te ngakau. i runga i te maha o ngā papa rānei, me te pūtoru, porotakaroa me te planar - - i runga i te āhua pūtau kei wehea ki kotahi-papanga, kāhui tāngata epithelial. kiko tūhonohono tahoê momo pērā i te muka wewete, te muka mārō, reticular, toto me te te tīpona, ngako, wheua, me te wheua ngohe.

He momo o te tipu te kopa

te kopa Plant ngā te momo e whai ake nei:

• nuinga;
• te hipoki;
• kakahu conductive;
• aunoa;
• mātauranga.

momo katoa o te tipu te kopa ngā maha ngā momo. Na, kei te rongoa te Kawanatanga āwangawanga matua, wai-whanau, me te whāhauhau. Hipoki papanga ngā momo pērā i te kiri, puru me kiriwaho. Na roto i te whakahaere kiko ko te kōtai me kōkai. Kei te wehea Manual ki collenchyma me sclerenchyma. Hei ngā taha mātauranga, apical me te intercalary.

papanga katoa te mahi etahi mahi, ka hāngai ratou hanganga ki te tūranga mahi e ratou. Ka kia whakaaro tenei tuhinga papanga atu conductive, te hanganga o ona pūtau āhuatanga. kōrero hoki e pā ana ki ona mahi.

Fabric conductive: hanganga āhuatanga

E wehea ēnei papanga ki e rua ngā momo: te kōkai me kōtai. Mai e hanga e rua ratou i te meristem taua, i roto i te tipu e kei pātata ki tahi i te tahi. Heoi, rerekē te hanganga o nga kopa whakahaere o nga momo e rua. Kia kōrero a atu e pā ana ki te momo e rua o te kopa conductive.

Taumahi papanga conductive

Ratou tūranga matua - te waka o ngā matū. Heoi, ko te mahi o papanga conductive, e kore no ki te taua momo rerekē.

Ko te tūranga o te kōtai - e mau ana rongoā matū i te pakiaka ki runga ki te tahi atu whēkau katoa o te tipu.

He mahi kōkai - whakahaere fluids i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga - i whekau motuhake o te tipu haere te kakau ki raro ki te pakiaka.

He aha te mea te kōtai?

Ia tuku ano ki tetahi atu rakau. Ko te papanga conductive o tenei momo ngā o ngā huānga whakahaerenga rerekē e rua: tracheids me oko. Hoki, kua tito reira o huānga aunoa - te rakau muka, me nga mea timatanga taketake - te rakau parenchyma.

He aha te mea te hanganga o nga pūtau kōtai?

E wehea Pūtau papanga conductive ki e rua ngā momo: tracheids me oko wāhanga. Tracheids - Ko te tino roa te whare herehere ki te taiepa ore, i roto i nei i reira he kōputaputa mo te waka o matū tenei.

te rua nga pūtau huānga conductive - he oko - ngā o te maha pūtau, e te hunga kua huaina wāhanga oko. E whakaritea ēnei pūtau tetahi i runga i te tahi atu. Ko te Junctions o nga wāhanga o te oko kotahi, he i roto i nga rua. Ko ratou i huaina pūwatawata. He tika enei rua mo te waka o matū i roto i te oko. Moving rongoā mo te momo o oko he nui tere atu i tracheids.

he pūtau e rua e mate mema o conductive me kore i roto i protoplasts (protoplasts - te pūtau ihirangi anake te taiepa pūtau, i.e. ko reira te matua o te membrane pūtau me organelles). i ngaro Protoplasts, me te mea i ratou i roto i te whare herehere mo te waka o matū e te mea tino uaua.

Na roto i te kia kawea ai oko me tracheids rongoā kore poutū anake engari ano whakapae - ki ngā pūtau ora tata huānga conductive ranei.

Ko te taiepa o te āhuatanga conductive i te thickening, e hoatu i te kaha whare herehere. Tei runga i te momo o ngā huānga conductive raraunga thickenings e wehea ki tōrino, annelids, arawhata, mata me te pore ira.

mahi Mechanical me nga āhuatanga taketake o te kōtai

e karangatia hoki muka Wood librioformom. Tenei roa elongated ki ngā pūtau e kua thickened taiepa odrevesenevshimi. mahi ratou i te mahi tautoko o te whakarato kaha kōtai.

aroaro Elements o te papanga turanga i roto i te parenchyma kōtai rakau. Ko nga pūtau ki anga kākano, e tuku kōputaputa ohie enei. Heoi, i roto i te wahi o nga pūtau parenchyma o te hononga ki te oko e taha reira ki te haere, hono nei te ki ona ohie ētahi wā. Wood pūtau parenchyma, i roto i te rerekē, kahore oko pūtau kau. E ratou protoplasts. Kōtai parenchyma mahi mahi tārua - i roto i ona ngā matūkai tōkena.

He aha titore te kōtai o otaota rerekē?

Mai whakatika tracheids i roto i te kukuwhatanga nui mua atu i nga oko, e kitea i roto i raro tipu whenua nga huānga conductive. Tenei spore (kaponga, talingelingá, talingelingá karapu, horsetails). whai hoki te nuinga o gymnosperms tracheids anake. Heoi, etahi gymnosperms reira he oko (e ratou hakari i roto i gnetalians). Hoki, i roto i ngā take rawa, he hakari enei āhuatanga, me etahi kaponga me horsetails.

Ko angiosperms (puawai) otaota katoa i rua tracheids me nga oko.

He aha te mea te kōkai?

Kei te karanga a hoki te papanga conductive o tenei momo kōkai.

Ko te wahi matua o te kōkai - tatari huānga conductive. i roto i te hanganga hakari huānga bast aunoa (muka kōkai) me ngā āhuatanga o te papanga turanga (kōkai parenchyma) hoki.

Āhuatanga o tenei momo papanga conductive takoto i roto i te meka e te pūtau tatari huānga, rite te ātete ki te āhuatanga conductive kōtai noho ora.

Ko te hanganga o nga mea timatanga tatari

E rua ngā momo o ratou: tatari pūtau me korere tatari. Ko te totoro tuatahi i roto i te roa me te kua tohu pito. E ngoto ratou i roto i nga rua, i roto i nei i reira he waka o ngā matū. He nui ake i tahito ra i te huānga tatari multicellular nga pūtau tatari. He āhuatanga o te tipu pērā i spore me gymnosperms ratou.

I roto i te angiosperms e te aroaro huānga conductive korere tatari, arā, o te plurality o ngā pūtau - o wāhanga o te huānga tatari. Ko te rua i roto i o e rua ngā pūtau pātata te hanga i te paraharaha tatari.

I roto i te rerekē ki te pūtau tatari, tuku ki waeine hanganga o huānga conductive multicellular he kahore matua, engari kei te ora ano ratou. He wāhi nui i roto i te hanganga o te kōkai o angiosperms tākaro hoki Klek-hoa, nahodyatschiesya muri ki ia wāhanga pūtau o ngā huānga tatari. Ko te hoa, ko te rua organelles me te karihi. I roto i a ratou i reira ko te utu o matū.

Hoatu e nga pūtau kōkai o ora, e kore e taea e tenei kiko conductive mahi mo te wa roa. I roto i te tipu te koiora i roto i tona ora ko te toru ki te wha tau e, i muri nei i te pūtau o te kiko iaia mate.

āhuatanga atu o te kōkai

pūtau I tua atu tatari korere ranei, i reira e ano āhuatanga o te papanga me ngā āhuatanga pūkaha i roto i te papanga conductive. Ko te whakamutunga e māngai bast (kōkai) muka. mahi ratou i te mahi tautoko. Ehara i otaota katoa i muka kōkai.

Elements o te papanga kanohi parenchyma kōkai. Ia, me te te parenchyma kōtai, mahi he tūranga tārua. Te reira i tōkena matū pērā i tannin, resins me etahi. Ngā whakawhanakehia enei āhuatanga i gymnosperms kōkai.

kiri roto o ngā momo o te tipu

I roto i ngā tipu raro pērā i te kaponga me talingelingá, kua māngai reira e te pūtau tatari. He angamaheni te kiri i roto taua mo te nuinga o nga gymnosperms.

tipu whaipua whai huānga conductive multicellular: korere tatari.

Ko te hanganga o te pūnaha tataki o te tipu

E whakaritea tonu kōtai me kōkai taha i taha, me te puka paihere. Runga anō i te āhua o e whakaritea nga momo e rua o te papanga conductive whanaunga ki tetahi ki tetahi, i reira e rave rahi ngā momo o kurupae. Ko te whakakapi tino auau. E whakaritea ratou i roto i te ara taua e ko te kōkai i tetahi taha o te kōtai.

He hoki kurupae concentric. I roto i a ratou karapoti tetahi papanga conductive tetahi. E wehea ratou ki e rua ngā momo: tsentrofloemnye ko tsentroksilemnye.

Ko te papanga conductive kua tikanga he pakiaka kurupae toropā. kōtai ratou hihi afe mei te pokapū, me te kōkai kei waenganui i nga hihi kōtai.

He atu angamaheni mō angiosperms me concentric paihere utu - mō te spore me gymnosperms.

Conclusion: He whakarite o rua ngā momo o papanga conductive

Ka rite ki te mutunga, tapaea tatou he tepu i roto i i haapotohia te raraunga faufaa o rua momo o te kopa conductive o ngā tipu.

Na e matau ana koutou katoa e pā ana ki te kopa whakahaere o te tipu: he aha e ratou, he aha ngā mahi e whakamana me pehea ki te hanga o ratou pūtau.