Haumanu Embryology: he aha, pūtaiao, embryologists

Haumanu Embryology - peka o te pūtaiao i oti rawa ki te ako o te whanaketanga fetal i haputanga ki whanautanga. hiahiatia Knowledge i roto i tenei rohe kei te tākuta katoa.

Embryology Ko te whāinga o te kite wawe o abnormalities ira me disorders i roto i te whanautanga tamariki, whakatau i te mate i roto i ngā tamariki i muri i tonu whanautanga. Ki te rā, te tono kaiwhakaako te matauranga e wātea ana i roto i tenei mara ki te whakatau i nga take o te pākoko, me te whakakore ratou, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki mo te whanaketanga o te raau taero ārai. I roto i te whakatutuki i te raruraru o te pākoko hei IVF tino hira, kukune transplantation i te kōpū, me te te kai o hua.

History o Embryology

Ka rite ki te maha atu sciences, ahu Embryology haumanu i roto i nga wa onamata. Ko te mahi pūtaiao o Aristotle roto i ngā whakaahuatanga taipitopito o te ira chick. Huri noa te wa taua, me tetahi wāhi pērā o tirohanga i runga i te whanaketanga o ngā tukanga, pērā i epigenesis me preformation.

ako Dutchman Jan Swammerdam te whanaketanga me te kāhuarau o ngā ngārara. Tona compatriot Antoni Van Levenguk kitea parthenogenesis i roto i aphids, ako parāoa tangata. ako Italian Marcello Malpighi te whanaketanga o te ira chick, ako te tinana o nga kopa, me whēkau o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe. Mai i te wāhi o te tirohanga o pūtaiao, i kore te te tukanga whanaketanga hua tetahi hou, nga wahi katoa o te kukune te hanga e kua a kei roto i te hua manu, engari e kore e taea te kite ia ratou i te mea o te rahi iti. I muri anake i te tupu kukune. Scientists preformationist au ra pea kaiao noa. whakapono ratou e ko te kukune rānei i te hua manu i te parāoa ranei. Heoi, e kore i taea e ratou te mārama me pēhea ira āhuatanga e haere ki uri o te tahi atu matua.

I roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau 19 i reira nga meka tamau whakateka preformism. I taua wa, akauroa nui i anatomy whakatairite me te taxonomy. Ko tētahi o nga tikanga matua i roto i te mara o te koiora riro te tikanga whakatairite. I roto i te hononga ki te whanaketanga o enei embriology whakatairite i hanga. i whiwhi nga hua pai i roto i tenei mara Karlom Berom, nei whakaaro ko te kaiwhakarewa o Embryology.

Tino ako i te whanaketanga embryonic o tino akomanga katoa o vertebrates, kua kitea kaipūtaiao e i te wā wawe e rite nga iroriki katoa, a ka riro nga rerekētanga i roto i te whanaketanga o muri anake. Ko taea ki te hanga i te ture o te ōrite embryonic.

puta te whanaketanga o tenei au i muri i te rangahau a Darwin. He takoha tino nui ki te Embryology haumanu i hanga e te pūtaiao Soviet I. I. Mechnikov me AO Kovalevsky.

āhuatanga Embryology

Haumanu Embryology - te pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te whanaketanga o te ira i roto i te tinana anga ranei hua o te whaea. Ko te tukanga o te whanaketanga fetal i hapu ki whanau, e taea te wehea ki te maha ngā wāhanga:

• te hanganga o te whakatō kākano;
• hanganga o te blastula i muri i te pūtau wehenga;
• mana mātauranga;
• histogenesis me organogenesis o kopa me whekau o te kukune me ewe;
• hanga pūnaha.

I tua atu, e tika ana ki te Embryology ka mohiotia matatini, wā tino o te whanaketanga, pēhia taea e pā te mana o te kukune i raro i te mana o etahi āhuatanga.

Ko te kaupapa o te ako o te Embryology

Kua Embryology Modern kua ako i te tukanga o te hanganga o te ira. Scientists mea e te whanaketanga o te kukune e wahi i roto i te toru ngā wāhanga matua:

• i te kau o te haputanga ki runga ki te 2 wiki o te whanaketanga;
• ki te toru o wiki, ka riro te kukune te kukune;
• Mai te whanaketanga o whekau faufaa i mua i whanau.

I roto i te tukanga o IVF Embryology ko reira nui no te hanga whakawhetai ki wāhitanga hou tikanga tino pai mo te tīmatanga me te hapū noa. I roto i te tono o ngā raraunga pūtaiao, ka āwhina i ngā tohunga whakatau i roto i te mua, me te ārai i te taea o te takanga o malformations fetal. Ngā mihi ki te pūtaiao o te Embryology, kua tāutuhia pūtaiao wā mōrearea o te whanaketanga tamaiti:

• te kikiritanga;
• implantation kukune i roto i te taiepa uterine;
• hanga te kopa nui;
• mātauranga roro;
• te whanaketanga o whēkau me ngā pūnaha;
• te tukanga whanautanga.

I roto i enei wā, te pānga o ngā āhuatanga kino e taea meinga tērā ara whanaketanga rerekē o te mate fetal ranei. Kua Haumanu Embryology kua ako i nga raruraru o ine i te täkupu, me te titiro hoki huarahi ki te whakatutuki ia ratou, i roto i te tikanga ki te karo taahoa.

Kia pehea te mahi embryologists

whai wāhi Dr.-embryologists i roto i ngā take kikiritanga, a faaohipa mana ki runga i te tukanga whanaketanga o te ira, ki runga ki te wā o tona whakawhiti ki te kōpū. A, no te tautuhi IVF Embryology te oraraa o te mau fifi, me te titiro hoki huarahi ki te whakaoti ia ratou. te maua e i roto i Embryologist te matatini o mehua mo te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga muri o faaipoipo e tono ki te hōhipera ki te raruraru o te pākoko.

Ki te huarahi tika ki ia tākuta hoa faaipoipo mau:

• insemination - te whakataki o parāoa ki te kōpū;
• aro mātai o te kounga parāoa me te kikiritanga hua;
• culturing me transplantation o embryos ki te kōhao uterine.

Hangaia e Doctor embryologist nga tikanga tino pai mo te putanga o te ora hou, te āwhina ki te hipa ngaahi fakafaingata'a'ia'anga e ārai i te kikiritanga i vivo. tutuki te hua pai e tono o hangarau hou.

Eaha te tupu i roto i te taiwhanga Embryology

I roto i te Embryology Kei te whakahaere tākuta Center te rangahau o faaipoipo ki te whakatau i te take o te pākoko, me te ka whakahau maimoatanga. I roto i te taiwhanga i reira ko te wā tino nui o IVF, rite he tikanga katoa e whakatau i te taiao o te tinana tangata, puritia kikiritanga me te māra o embryos.

I roto i Embryology, te Center te tīmatanga mahi ki te pūnaha whakaputa uri manawanui-tākuta, e ki te awhina o hormones whakaongaonga te tupu o hua i roto i te ovaries o wahine e aroturuki ratou tupu, me te whakarite i te kōpū hoki kukune Rātā. Mā te whakamahi i te ova ngira motuhake tiki i te tinana, e e ka tonoa ki te taiwhanga pūtaiao. I raro i ngā āhuatanga taiwhanga, kawea te purenga te hua i te anga waho ki te noho ara te parāoa, ka whakanohoia i roto i te peihana ki te reo matūkai motuhake.

I muri i te tango i nga oocytes parāoa toa te homai e e rere hoki tukatuka motuhake. Ka rite ki te hua, e tīpakohia te nuinga parāoa pūkoro. Na, neke pūtau parāoa kaha ki te peihana ki te hua manu, e haamata te kikiritanga tukanga i tenei wāhi. I muri i te ra kotahi, whakakapia he whenua tupuranga mo te whakatō kākano e hou. Doctor mō te 4-5 ra whakahaere tirotiro o embryos, a ka homai he ara ratou i roto i te tinana i te wahine o.

He aha te mea te kawa embryological

Mōhiohio e pā ana te kikiritanga whakahaere, whiwhi i roto i te tukanga o IVF, kua oti te tuhituhi i roto i te tuhinga motuhake, ka karanga te kawa embryological. Kei te reira i te mōhiohio katoa e pā ana ki te maara me te tupu o embryos.

18 haora i muri i te tukanga, te tākuta homai mōhiohio tuatahi i runga i te maha o hua nga wairakau. Ko te raraunga tuhinga āta matotoru whanaunga o te anga i hanga huri noa te ira, wāwāhi me te auautanga whakaritenga pūtau.

ngā wāhanga whanaketanga kukune

He matatini te tukanga o te kikiritanga me fakahu'unga he hononga o te tane me te iroriki wahine pūtau, i roto i nei te huinga ora o ngā pūira, a reira i hanga te he hua manu wairakau hou. puta te kikiritanga i roto i te korere kākano i hononga o te parāoa me te ova.

te tinana o te wahine i muri i te kikiritanga mō te 12 haora hua kākano. Tau mahana i muri i reira ko te wehewehenga o te whakatō kākano, blastomeres ka hua e rua, tetahi o nei i roto i te rahi nui me te hue pouri. No te mea te wahi nui i hanga kukune, ewe, me ētahi atu te kopa. tāmau te kukune te i roto i te ararewa uterine.

Ka rite ki te whanaketanga o te kukune ko tona wehenga muri, hua i roto i te ahua āta whekau nui me te kopa o te tamaiti, e tupu me te whakawhanake i runga i te marama tuatahi 9.

kaipūtaiao Famous embryologists

Ki te taeraa mai o te pūtaiao o Embryology, e tonu te whakapai ake pūtaiao, me te whakawhanake i te reira. Kaiwhakatū o Embryology whakaaro Baer, Karl Maksimovich, e whakakitea i kōhungahunga moni i roto i te ari tūturu. tāutuhia e ia nga momo matua o te whanaketanga embryonic ka whakamatauria e kua whakawhanakehia vertebrates katoa i runga i te parau tumu taua.

I tetahi atu tākuta pai-mohiotia, embryologist ko Garvey Uilyam, te kaiwhakarewa o Pātukitukinga hou, me te Embryology. I roto i ana mahi whakaahuatia e ia te parau tumu o te tohanga nui, me te iti.

kaipūtaiao Russian embryologist ko Mechnikov Ilya Ilich - kaiwhakarewa o koiora me te immunology. I roto i ana i tuhituhi ai, whakaraupapahia e ia he ariā o te mate, me te take mai o te kaiao multicellular. Kei te whai wāhi hoki te reira i roto i te ako o te hoholo.