He aha hokona e ahau wairua mate Chichikov? te hara ki katoa o ngā heipūtanga i roto i te ture

He aha hokona e ahau Chichikov wairua mate i te kaiwhakarēti

I roto i te tikanga ki te matau te mea i mahi ki te pūāhua matua, kia tirohia te kaipānui ki te puna taketake - he ruri N. V. Gogolya "Dead varua". Mai i tenei riro te reira mārama he aha i hoko Chichikov wairua mate. Otiia ētahi wā e kore e nui pānui wa, me te tuhituhi tuhinga roa, ko te hopoia tika. Well, o te akoranga, uaua ki rite Basque waiata. Na reira, hei utu mo o te tuku Gogol taonga papatae o te reo te whakamahi ahau i te kōrero ohie. He aroha, no te mea ka anake he digressions lyrical i roto i "varua Dead" - pānui me ki te kite koe i te pikitia momona. Well, maere e lau te kaipānui i tou mahi rēhia, te kore te reira? A ka haere tonu ahau.

He aha hinana

take matua, i hanga maau a Gogol "Dead Laumālié", ko te kaha ki te tiki i te taurewa - moni utua ki te Poari o Kaitiaki. I roto i tenei hei utu i puritia e te kairetiwhare mua. Ko te takahanga fakamatala'i e Gogol, i taea e tata e rua rau tau ki muri, na he reira e tika ana ki te whakamōhio i te kaipānui o etahi o nga huru o te ora Russian o taua wā. A i te wa ano te whakahua i te āhuatanga o te protagonist i roto i te hapori. I roto i te mutunga, mea ana matou ki te titiro ki te pātai o wairua mate Chichikov aha hokona.

Pehea ka anga te reira katoa

I roto i te mutunga o 1718 Pita tukuna e ahau he tikanga i runga i te tatauranga taupori tane. Mai i tahito ra te tari i roto i aua ra, e kore te wa wahi mo te mahi tikanga o te kingi, ko, nui. hoki e toru i pau hei utu o te tau kotahi, a ka ki tetahi atu i roto i toru pupuri i te "whakahounga" - tirohia te tika o te tuhi ake te rārangi, tuku ki rite "tales patupaiarehe." I mua i te whakakāhoretanga o te serfdom taua "tātari" i whakahaeretia kotahi tekau nga tau o to ratou mōhiotia. Here, i reira he kotahi ira ngā - te wā wā i roto i e taea te whakaahuatia e ngā i roto i te pehepehe. Na roto i te taunakitanga circumstantial taea te whakawakia e whakawhanake te mahi i roto i te toru tuatahi o te rau tau XVIII. Na War Patriotic o 1812 tau ko te mua e kore e anake, engari ara te iti wareware.

era maiki

Ahakoa kahore he mahara ki te aha i hoko Chichikov wairua mate, e matau ana tatou e kua tika hokona ia, me nga tangata anake "ki te faaoti" e ko, i te whakaaro ki te nohoia ratou i roto i tetahi atu kawanatanga. Kei te mohiotia ano te reira e haere i te tikanga i roto i roto i 1833, kia rite ki nei kihai whakaaetia "ki wehe i te utuafare." Nō reira, ko te haerenga Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov puta i roto i te wā wa i waenganui i "whakahounga" i roto i te 1815 me te 1833 o. Na, tetahi o nga huru o te ora Russian o taua wā ko te tupuraa ohipa i muri: te peasants mate maha herenga o te ora, a mo ratou ki te kairetiwhare ki Tangohia ano hoki he takoha o runga ki te Tatauranga tata - "whakahounga".

taunahatanga tāke

Fakataha ki te peasants riro mau a Pavel Ivanovich runga me taunahatanga tāke e titiro rite te mate tonu. e mea he e kore whakamārama arorau mō taua mahi ki reira, me te tīmatanga mārama he aha i hoko Chichikov wairua mate. Otira i reira i tonu etahi onäianei i roto i te reira ture tuku i te pūāhua matua ki te hanga i te kaupapa tinihanga ki te hanga i te moni. I taua wa, arataki i te kāwanatanga te ōhanga kaiwhakarëti i roto i te tikanga ki te karo i whakaiti ratou tau, me te ārai i mate. I muri i te katoa, i te kāwanatanga ki te farii i takoha me taritari. Ki te mate te rangatira, kahore ngā pakeke (taea) kainga, i whakahaere riko tano ore, i runga i taea te whakaritea taua ingoa kaitiakitanga ranei.

Kaunihera kaitiaki

i whakapumautia kaunihera kaitiaki Imperial i Moscow me St Petersburg kāinga whāngai. Ratou mahi ko ki mau tonu te tikanga pai, kia rite ki te roa rite kore e mutu te reira ki te tīariari. taea whenua kua ururuatia, ka hokona i te makete, nui atu i te rangatira taonga. Tetahi rangatira whare i taea riro moni i runga i te whakahaere taurewa whakaora i runga i te haumaru o te whenua, me peasants. i hoatu taua loans kaunihera kaitiakitanga, nei matua puna o te moni tika i moni riro i te mākete. Ki te ki te utu mutunga o te moni kore ranei hoki te taurewa i roto i te wa e tika ana te whenua tangata ke i roto i te manakohia o te institution nama me hokona i te makete. Tenei "wira" taea te koané mo te wa roa, engari te take i roto i te anaanatae Chichikov pehea ki te eke ki runga ki taua mea mo te painga o ratou.

tinihanga

Ia, i roto i te meka, hiahia ki te tiki i te tārewa i runga i te haumaru o serfs, engari rite kahore i penei, faaoti ahau ki te hoko a ratou. I te wa ano tikanga ia ki "i runga i te pepa" hoko ārahi peasants e mate, engari i whakaaro ture ora. O te akoranga, e kore i haere Chichikov i roto i te heke mai ki te utu i te takoha, te moni i runga i te pūtea taurewa, me te noa atu pera ki te utu i te pūtea tārewa. Tītaka he scam ki te whiwhi e kua he taunaha i taea ki te ko Chichikov anake kaimahi tekateka noa iho, engari kihai i whenua. Hokona whenua i roto i te kawanatanga taua, i reira e kia kaimahi utu. I tua atu, no te mea e te mea rawa nui, e nga serfs e kore mau i. Na reira, ua faaoti te whakaaro nui Pavel Ivanovich ki te hoko whenua cheap i roto i te tuawhenua o Kherson kawanatanga, a ki a ia peasants "mo withdrawal." I pepa ūngutungutu katoa, ka tirohia e kore tetahi e, reira, hoatu he taurewa.