Hononga o te pūnaha pūtea, me te whakamārama poto

I mua i te titiro tatou ki te pūnaha pūtea o tetahi whenua me tona hanganga, he mea e tika ana ki te matau rite te mea ko tenei wā. Ko te kupu "ōhanga" i ai te tahi mau uara kore tino rite.

Tuatahi, whakaaro te ōhanga kei te he puka o whanaunga moni, e kua hono ki te tārua o nga kaupapa katoa. Tuarua, ka taea e te wā tirohia ki te töpü o ture katoa, tikanga, ture e streamline whanaunga pūtea i roto i te whenua me ngā mahi pūtea i roto i te whānui.

Te toru, ko reira he hanganga pūtea ā-, te kotahitanga o ona wāhanga (wae). I roto i tenei take, nga wahi katoa o te pūnaha pūtea i to ratou ake pau.

Na te āhua o moni, e kua hanga e i roto i tetahi pūnaha pūtea e taea te wehewehe pūtea centralized me wehenga.

Ko te tuatahi ko te mōkihi e hopoi mai tahi wahi katoa o te pūnaha pūtea, hanga i te tohatoha tika o pūtea (pūtea me te extrabudgetary) moni no ki municipalities. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te hononga o nei te pūtea pokapū, e taea te whakaaro te taurewa kāwanatanga, te nama terenga, pūnaha pūtea.

pūtea wehenga - ko te moni o nga wae e whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga me te whakamahi o pūtea o tangata me hinonga e he hinonga motuhake. pūtea te reira i kamupene, corporations etc. Organizations e he whaiaro-pūtea, kaipakihi pūtea, whakahaere pai-kore, whare.

Kia tamata o ki te tohu poto wāhanga katoa o te pūnaha pūtea, te arotake o ratou āhuatanga.

pūnaha Budget Ko te tikanga o te whakauru i te pūtea Federation, kaiwhakaari, kāwanatanga atu-pūtea moni , me pūtea rohe. Ko tōna whakaaro - ki te whakatutuki i ngā take pokapū o te kāwanatanga rite te katoa. E pūnaha pūtea me ona takoha, takoha Ekisia , a na i runga i. He hangaia ki te whakarato i ngā raruraru ahurea, ōhanga, tōrangapū me te pāpori, pūtohu tōtika GDP. Mana ko te tohatoha anō o whekau motuhake, pēnei i te Chamber o Accounts, ā-Revenue Ratonga me ētahi atu.

Ētahi atu wāhanga o te pūnaha pūtea (i roto i tenei take ko reira he pātai o te nama kāwanatanga me te terenga) faaite i te hononga i waenganui i te kāwanatanga me ona tinana mana me ngā kaupapa ōhanga e tukua te RF ki te mahi rite te tiai, kaituku te nama ranei. E whakaaro ana te whāinga matua ki te hei nama ki te moni i te tarepa pūtea, tautoko ki rāngai matua, te whakataunga o nga take o te kaupapa here nama (-rohe, me te ao).

I teie mahana atu me te nui atu i enei hononga ko te pūnaha pūtea Russian, rite te moni o te whakaputa me te production-kore hanganga, e he whaiaro pūtea-. Ko ētahi o ēnei:

• Corporations, arā kahore whakahaere mema hangaia ki te whakaoti etahi mahi pāpori whakahaere ranei.

• hinonga Kotahitanga, i roto i Russia e wehea ki e rua ngā kāwai. hāngai ana te tuatahi i runga i te matau o hozvedeniya, te tuarua - i roto i te whakahaere whakahaere.

He tino nui mo te hanganga o GDP pakihi pūtea. Ko ratou:

• te tikanga o te wāhanga matua, e kua hanga e i pūtea centralized;

• te pūtake o te rauemi pūtea o whare;

• ārahi kohi tauwehe me te tohatoha o te GDP;

• ki te turanga te whakatau i nga hiahia o te hapori.

Finance takenga kore-arumoni Me ki hanganga i te rauemi pūtea mo te whakatinanatanga o te taenga Mātauranga, pāpori me te tahi atu te pai-kore goszadach :..

e kore tata pūtea whare whakaritea e te kāwanatanga, me ko te hono IP toharite i waenganui i nga pūtea arumoni me te whare pūtea.

Kua hanga te pūnaha pūtea, me ona hononga i runga i te mau parau tumu o te taumahinga, te māramatanga, te whakamahere, te kotahitanga, me te centralism manapori.