IS Turgenev. Whakarāpopototanga o te "Notes o te Hunter"

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev tomo ake te hītori o tuhinga Russian, a ka riro te wahi i roto i te ngakau o milioni o te pā o ana whakawhetai mahi ki te tuhi whiti, ki tonu i te aroha mo Russia, engari tomo ano nga pono raina e pā ana ki te ora o te iwi i roto i te rau tau XIX. Ehara i tika i tuhituhi te mea ka kite ia i Turgenev a'oraa banal.

"Notes o te Hunter" no ki te kāwai o te pakimaero, i huaina nei ko rotarota tuhituhi i roto i te tuhi.

he kaute teitei taua - te takoha ki kaha whakaputa me te aronganui.

Ko te whakaputanga o "Notes o te Hunter" - he hui tino mo te hapori Russian

i hanga Stories, mau i roto i tenei kohinga āta. Ko te wā tuatahi i whakaputaina ratou i roto i ki tonu i roto i te 1852 (ahakoa, ngā toru kōrero i roto i "Notes" i muri mai). i nui rongonui o kaituhi i te kāinga i muri i to ratou whakaputanga. Ahakoa Emperor Alexander II neke atu i te kotahi tino kite i tenei pukapuka, i tuhituhia e Ivan Turgenev ( "Notes o te Hunter"). Ko te pūāhua matua o nga kōrero mahino kōrero i roto i te hapori, me te mohio te Russian mātauranga katoa. Ivan Sergeyevich, rite te ariki pono o nga kupu, kua whakahaere ki te waihanga ahurei whakapakoko toi , me te pā o ratou wairua motu.

Rua tekau-rima kōrero ngā tuakiri o te kaikörero kotahi. Ko reira te kairetiwhare o te kawanatanga Oryol, te kirehe mohoao, e, haere ki te hopu i muri, kite ratau te tahi mea, kite reira, e korero ana ki te iwi. He ara maitai me te pukorero ia. Te feaa, korero tona mangai Turgenev. Whakarāpopototanga o te "Notes o te Hunter" - i te wa ano i te hītori o ratou hunga tautohe. e kore te kōrero momo tikanga ki te hei Unuunu whakapakoko tuhituhi tika, me te ao. unu i te pikitia whānui e rite te mea i te whiu takitahi. Unique pikitia lyrical o te ora te whenua o, ki tonu i te wairua Russian, te hanga kōrero "Polecat me Kalinych", "Kasyan", "kaiwaiata", "Bezhin wiwi." He nui ake taipitopito Ētahi atu kōrero, pērā i "County Schigrovskogo Hamlet", "tākuta mataeinaa".

pūāhua Original, "Notes o te Hunter"

Heoi, kei te tohu te kaituhi kahore kaha ki te onepü, taipitopito, pikitia tūturu o te ora pono o te iwi noa. whakahaere ia ki te kite i te au maite noa i roto i te ariki hononga me te serf. Ahakoa konei kite wana hou, e kore pononga, engari he nui whanaunga tangata Turgenev. Whakarāpopototanga o te "Notes o te Hunter" parau tatou e founga he Polecat mātauranga, maramarama, me te ngākau atawhai, ko te hoa ki tana serfs Kalinych. Na reira he konei kahore mauāhara, kahore hae i te kotahi ringa, e kore ano hei whakahianga - i runga i te tahi atu. Oia mau, i taua nga Russian - hapori o te whenua. A e kore hoki tetahi mea i muri, e rave rahi democrats pāhoro, i roto i te rerekē ki te mua, tamata ia ki te utu i te ara ki te heke mai i roto i te mātauranga, me te ripeneta. Ko čtahi mō tenei i. Mō ratou - te kōrero "Polecat me Kalinych".

He iwi Russian me varua hohonu, engari e kore e hahakitanga! Heoi whakaaro te kaituhi. Tona huru i te pae varua Kasyan i te hoari Ataahua, e whakatakoto tikanga ana te feat o wairangi, fakalotoi me ahurei. Ko ia rite te rama, maramarama katoa a tawhio noa. "He he he heke mai mo tenei iwi!", - ta Ivan S., korero tatou e pā ana ki kōrero taiohi, nana nei i kawea mai nga hoiho i te po. Ua ite ia tamaiti te wairua, whakaaro, te kōrero ki to ratou whenua Māori.

I te wa ano, me o kaihautanga serfdom tuhi Turgenev. E whakaatu ana Whakarāpopototanga o te "Notes o te Hunter" tatou whakapakoko unflattering o te horo, ngaro pa ki te iwi o nga kaipupuri whenua - Penochkin, Stegunova ko Zverkov. Heoi whakakahore kaituhi te hiahia me whakaatu te ati tūmatanui koroke kaiahuwhenua (kōrero "körere"). Toto me te tutu rite rongoā ki ngā raruraru pāpori e Kāore mo Russia, whakaaro te he matarohia.

ngā kitenga

tuhituhi Tino wā Turgenev tona pukapuka. Whakarāpopototanga o te "Notes o te Hunter" rau kahore feaa e takaro ratou he wāhi nui i roto i te māramatanga o nga rāngai katoa o te hapori e hiahia ana te whakakāhoretanga o serfdom i roto i te moni tūmatanui. Live, whakapakoko iwi ahurei Lukeria ( "mana ora"), Arina ( "Ermolai me Miller"), Yashka-Turk ( "kaiwaiata"), e kore te uatoko ki te iwi, e hoatu i te tikanga o te pae kotahi motu, hapori, Cathedral o te iwi Russian. Kairangi Ko te aronga teitei e mea nga kōrero katoa o Turgenev te taua. Ko te take i serfdom ra io, ka whakaaturia i roto i ngā pūāhua te iwi o Turgenev ataahua, ahurei, a taea kore i te whakamāramatanga e he pononga.