Ko te mahi pūngao o pūmua: tauira me ngā whakamārama. He aha e pūmua, me te wahi ki te kawe i roto i mahi pūngao?

Kei te tito to tatou tinana o ngā āhuatanga wahi me matū. Nā ki to ratou faafariuraa tūturu taea tatou ora me te kawe i roto i to ratou mahi. E kore e matou ara whakaaro e pā ana ki taua tonu e mahi i nga meneti o te ora o matūriki iti o te tinana, me te mau mai tatou i te manakohia. O te akoranga, te mahi o te tangata ia he ki te kapi tonu ratou rakau.

Taonga mo te ora o te kaiao

Ko te matū matua e tukua ki a tatou mahi tino he warowaihā, pūmua me te ngako. E kitea ana ēnei matū i roto i te hanganga rerekē i roto i tata katoa kai, engari ko te mea nui ki te taurite enei āhuatanga, kia rite ki te kore ai timata te raruraru hauora. I roto i tēnei tuhinga ka titiro tatou ki nga mahi o te pūmua, rite ratou e taea te hoatu e te pūngao tinana.

He aha te momo o te taonga - pūmua?

Ko nga mea timatanga e riro te mekameka waikawa amino enei. E ratou he taimaha rāpoi tiketike, rite te muingota kotahi wāhi e rave rahi waikawa amino e here te here polypeptide. Ko tētahi kōwae o te wae te pūmua, faahoho'ahia e tetahi waikawa amino.

Tenei taonga ko te rauemi whare faufaa mo te tinana. O waikawa amino me pūmua ki te hanga tata katoa o te tinana: whakatau ratou te tangata whakarato hāora rite pūtoto - he pūmua. Tenei taonga āwhina ki te tautoko i te pūnaha ārai mate, whai wāhi i roto i te kōtuitui o hormones, na e tika ana mo te ture o maha tukanga ā-. I whakatupato ano ia ki te mahi pūngao, e kore te mea moku, ki a ia nei i roto i te ki tonu. Ahiri aita te reira, he tino uaua te tinana ki te whakawhanake me te tupu. Otiia e kore e he e tika ana mo tatou te pūmua i te taikaha. Mai i te maha nui o ratou he tukanga o te FERMENTATION me ētahi atu pānga kino i runga i ngā pūtau, i nga okana.

Ratou mahi matua

Pūmua mahi maha ngā mahi i te utu o te tinana e kore e hapa o te ture o tetahi tukanga, te whakaputa o ngā pūtau hou, korero ārai, me te pera i runga i. Kia titiro tatou ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

1. Catalytic. waikawa amino, tūhono etahi ara, te hanga whākōkī e he kawenga mō te tere o etahi tauhohe i te tinana. E kore matou e korero e pā ana ki te tatini whākōkī kaimahi catalyzation. E ratou i te mano torutoru, a te whakahaere ki runga ratou ki te 4000 ngā urupare. E tahoê enei tukanga katoa i roto i te kotahi ariā - te pākia. Ara pūmua whakatau i te tere i ai e puta i te reira.
2. Hanganga - ki ki etahi pūmua pupuri i te ahua o ngā pūtau ā-i roto i te waho to tatou he puka tūturu o whao, makawe, me te pera i runga i.
3. Ko te mahi tiaki. takoto te reira i roto i te meka e te pūmua e he wahi o fluids koiora, ngā pūtau me ngā rauemi, te whakarato i te tiaki i runga i te, matū, taumata ārai tinana.
4. Ture - i reira he squirrels, kahore e nei hanga rauemi o ngā pūtau kore whai wāhi i roto i te pākia e, e kore he mana ake mahi pūngao mo ratou, engari mahi e ratou i roto i te ture o ngā tukanga i roto i ngā pūtau. E ratou "e matakitaki ana" mo te whakawhiti o te mōhiohio ā-ira, ngā mahi, me te waikawa amino kōtuitanga.
5. Transport mahi o pūmua ko e kawe ratou matū nui, me te whai hua ki te tinana i roto i te bloodstream ranei i waenganui i ngā pūtau.
6. Receptor - te kore e taea te huaina reira mechano-matū. Ētahi pūmua i raro i tohu rerekē e taea te huri i to ratou roa mā te tapahi.
7. Energetichekoy mahi o pūmua - pūmua tukua e te wāhinga o te nui etahi o te pūngao. Na reira, i enei matū i roto i etahi huru mahi rite tona puna.

I roto i te e take, i reira he he mahi pūngao o pūmua?

Ehara i nga wa katoa whärite to tatou kai e kia e mahi nga pūmua, te ngako, me te warowaihā i roto i to tatou tinana i roto i taua nui rite hiahiatia. Heoi maha i reira ko te kore te taikaha o etahi matū ranei.

I roto i te take o te ngaro roa o rawaka moni o te warowaihā me te ngako ki te mahi mua pūngao o pūmua. E kore e te rauropi mutu ki pau pūngao, na ko reira he pūhui o amino waikawa timata ki te whakaora i te reira.

Kia pehea te ko te tuku o te pūngao?

Pūmua - he taonga ahurei i roto i te tinana. Momo i roto i to ratou hanganga mozht hei mano, ki runga ki taua mea kei hoki ratou āhuatanga rongonui. Rere auau o te taonga i runga i te wa roa nui, te mahi pūngao taua o pūmua arata'i ki te wāwāhi, ko te reira tika ki te kapi tonu ratou supply. tauturu ia tatou tenei rite to tatou tinana - ko te huinga o ngā pūtau e synthesize pūmua, me te etahi momo me ngā āhuatanga.

Ko te tuku o te pūngao puta ki te tukanga o te nakunaku o te pūmua i roto i nga wahi rerekē o te wahi gastrointestinal. Ko te wāhinga whakamutunga o waikawa amino puta i te taumata pūtau.

Te faafariuraa o pūmua i roto i te kopu

Ko te mahi pūngao o pūmua, tauira o nei e kia kōrero i raro, e haamata ki te wāhinga o enei matū i roto i te kopu. Here mai ki te āwhina o te taonga kotahi, te tahi atu hanganga anake - te pepsin whākōkī. Ko reira kaha i raro i etahi tikanga (ka i runga ake 5.0 me raro 2.0 te pH). Na roto i te tahuri i te secretion o repe pekitīlia o te wai pekitīlia waikawa, i te mea painga ki te mahi o te pepsin.

Kua i tenei wā timata tatou te mahi pūngao o pūmua. Pepsin - tetahi o whākōkī maha, e taea piri pūmua matatini collagen (te pūhui tino i roto i te kiko kai). Te whakakotahi ki te wai (paparetanga), hanga reira hua whāwehe takawaenga me te hautanga iti o te wera i dissipates roto i te wahi tinana i roto i te pākia pūngao. taea mea koe e te pūmua mahi te mahi pūngao, e kore te mea whākōkī tona hanganga, rite te muri te āwhina anake tenei mahi ki te kawe i ētahi atu matū.

Whai wāhi i roto i te pancreatic pūmua wāhinga

E kore e te repe taiaki tango i te taonga mo te wāhinga. Ko ko reira te kaiwhakarato o te wharikitia e hiahiatia, na kahore reira, i roto i te mea uaua ki te mahi i te nakunaku o pūmua. E whakarato ana i te whekau kūnatu whākōkī pancreatic: proelastazoy, chymotrypsin, trypsin, karboksipolipeptidazoy.

Wāwāhi i roto i te whēkau

E kore e waiho i raro pūmua katoa ki te mimiti haere oti o te whēkau, ahakoa kei te mahi i te reira i runga i te rota o te taonga. Ahakoa i te mutunga o te nakunaku e taea e dipeptides me tripeptides. he torutoru waikawa amino anake puta i tenei wae GI.

Trypsin me chymotrypsin e āwhina ki te taui i pūmua ki polypeptides, miramira te kore o te kūhuka i te wera tinana, i reira tonu ki te hei mahi pūngao whai hua o pūmua. Tauira o taua panoni taea tatou mau i nga ra, ka whakamahi matou i te momo o ngā matū i roto i te kai. I muri i te rärangi o te pūmua ki polypeptides tomo mahi paru karboksipolipeptaza - momotu rā te reira i te waikawa amino takitahi i te pito o te pūhui i hanga. Proelastaza ngā hautaka muka rapa o ngā hua kai, me te tahi atu matū matatini.

Pūmua mahi mahi pūngao, ko te wā whakamutunga o te nakunaku i roto i te kōpiro iti, te duodenum. He E whai wāhi ana ratou ki te Villi e roto i peptidase. Ēnei matū, whakaoti i te tukanga o wāwāhi nga polypeptides ki te maha iti o waikawa amino taunekeneke ki te wai intestinal. tohatoha atu o te pūngao wera i te tukanga rite te rärangi pūmua puta i te taumata pūtau, me ngā hua mutunga o te wāhinga o enei matū hanganga matatini he waikawa uric, Urea, te wai, me te hauhā. Ko te kupu, kua kite matou, te wahi i kawea te mahi pūngao o pūmua i roto. He kahore tauwhāiti waikawa amino localization. Otira kua kawea te reira i roto i te timatanga ki te nakunaku oti o te pūmua.

pūngao pūkoro

Energy mahi ki te mahi i taua organelles pūtau rite pungaraungao. I te taraka rāpoi ngota membrane pūtau kua ki toia hua whāwehe o pūmua ki rāpoi ngota. I roto i tenei take ano, kua tukua te pūngao, i āwhina synthesize rāpoi o ATP me te taunekeneke ki te hāora. Ahakoa i te taumata pūtau, ka taea e koe te whakahoki i te pātai e rite ana ki te e whai pūmua mahi pūngao. He matū kore e i whai wāhi i roto i te mahi paru, me te hanganga, pera i roto i te hanga o ngā pūtau o te tinana e whai wāhi atu morehu i roto i polypeptides wāhinga enei. Engari e taea te i muri ratou kawe mai i te hautanga iti o te pūngao i te taumata pūtau e pungaraungao me ngā rāpoi ngota ATP i hanga (te puna ahurei o te pūngao mō ngā tukanga katoa i roto i te tinana).