Ko te mākete hiko rarawe. Kamupene Hanga o te Market Hiko Wholesale

I roto i te 2003, kua pehia te pūnaha mākete hiko rarawe huringa nui. Ko te take hoki tenei ko te whakatamarikitanga o te ture e hāngai ana, kia rite ki nei kawea te whakahou o te rängai i roto i te whenua i roto i. Ko te whakaaro matua o te huringa ko te whakakapinga o maha kamupene iti whakahere he momo o ratonga - i hanga ki te tohatoha, e toru nui. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, kia faaaravihi i roto i te kotahi anake aronga:

• production;
• transportation;
• marketing.

Nā ki tenei i reira ko tetahi whatunga ngā, i ngā, me nui mo karihi te whenua o "Rosenergoatom". Ka kawea mai tēnei whakahou te rāngai pūngao ki te taumata hou, me te hanga i te reira tetahi o nga kau taki i roto i te ōhanga Russian.

Ko te pau o te hiko rite te koloa

ringarehe te mākete hiko rarawe rauemi tino nui. A mai i te mea he āhuatanga tika motuhake tenei hua, me kia tangohia etahi ngā ki pūkete i roto i ture te mākete. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te hiko hei koloa ko e kia tango wāhanga katoa o te kaupapa wahi tētahi me te whakaroa. e kore e taea te rongoa Energy me whakaemi. kia tae tonu tenei momo o te hua i muri i tonu production te kiritaki mutunga.

Ko taea anake te mātakitaki i Kaihautū ki te nui o te tūranga supply. Ko hoki te iwi tino e kore e mea faufaa te mea kamupene hua pūngao hiko, no te mea i muri i tona uri taka ki roto ki te tukutuku tūmatanui.

Hanga kamupene o te mākete hiko rarawe e pai mōhio e whakarōpūtia ratou hua e rite i matea. Ko te tino tairongo ki te huringa ohorere te taupori, hūpeke ngaro o enei hua ranei. Anake i roto i te wā tino taea iwi whakakapi teihana pūtake centralized motuhake ranei hau whakawera. Hoki tenei take, me kia pono, me te ore te tuku.

Ano, ka riro te mana whakatupuranga kei ki pūkete te ōwehenga i waenganui i te mahere hanga me te kohi matapae. E tika ana kia rite taurite me te mea kahore he tāne i.

tikanga mākete ture

Te hiko mākete rarawe me te mana, ko te kaha ti'aturi i runga i te aratau o kāwanatanga ture. He tikanga motuhake o te ture, i roto i te tahuri, tīpakohia te rite ki te āhuatanga e hāngai ana:

• momo o te kāwanatanga o te ōhanga;
• momo o te mana;
• ara o te wawaotanga kāwanatanga i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahumahi.

whakahaere rāngai tūmatanui Direct

I roto i te take o te whakahaere tika o te rāngai mākete hiko rarawe awe e te kāwanatanga i roto i ona pokapū pērā i te Tāhuhu. Ko te taputapu kāwanatanga tataki te mahi o te ahumahi me ona pakihi katoa. State tika whakatau te maha, me te rōrahi o deliveries, whakatakoto ana te uara me te aronga o hua haumi. Ko mau te mahi katoa o te hinonga o te rāngai pūngao (tae atu i te utu o te hiko i roto i te mākete rarawe) he ano i raro i te mana. Ko te tino uaua tenei tikanga.

rāngai whakahaere tūmatanui i roto i te kaporeihana kāwanatanga

A, no te whakahaere i roto i te kaporeihana puritia e te kāwanatanga, te kāwanatanga hoki kua he nui nui o te mana i runga i te ahumahi. He e kawea mana whaiaro i roto i roto i te kaporeihana rawa hanga. Ahakoa te whakahaere me te mahi i roto i te moni o te whenua, engari kua he tetahi motuhake me te mana motuhake o-whakatau kaupapa. hanga tenei reira taea ki atu āta whakahaere i te rāngai pūngao, ki te tiki moni atu me te whakarite i te tukanga tōtika.

ture State me te tirotiro o te ahumahi

whakamahia i tēnei tikanga o te ture o te ahumahi i roto i te nuinga o nga whenua manapori. Ki te kaitākaro katoa i roto i te mākete - kaihokohoko tūmataiti, ko te ara pai i roto i tenei. Ko te painga o tenei tikanga ko te motuhake tonu. Otiia e kore e whanau katoa i te kaipakihi tūmataiti. Raihana, me te ture o te haumaru - ko te mahi o te kāwanatanga. Kei te whai wāhi hoki te reira i roto i te utu me te tāke tautuhinga. I whakaputahia rite ture ōrite here i roto i te hanga, tuku, me te tohatoha o te pūngao.

mākete whakamua

Kia pehea te whakaritenga mākete hiko rarawe, e kore anake pānga te tōtika o tona whanaketanga, engari ano hoki ki te ahumahi katoa rite te katoa.

Ko te momo tuatahi o whakahaere o te mākete hiko rarawe ko te mākete whakamua. takoto Ko tōna ngako i roto i te supply o ngā hua, me te ki te kirimana mutu. hāngai ngā mahi o te mākete whakamua i runga i whanaunga më, e whai wāhi hāngai te mutunga o nei i roto i te kaihoko, me te kaihoko o te taonga. He maha ngā huarahi o te kaupapa pūngao hiko. Ko te tuatahi ko te rēhita o te hoko i waenganui i te kaihanga me te kiritaki. Ko te ngako o te momo tuarua o te kirimana i roto i te iti o ngā hua. Ko te mutunga o te toru puta i te utu kararehe tēnā e mahi ki whakamua.

Ko te painga o tenei mākete ko tona tika, me te haumaru, no te mea i roaa kē ia ngā taha e rua i taea e rahurahu kaha. Ka tinana e mahi i whakaaetanga whakatinanatanga i muri anake i te hanganga o te hōtaka o ia rā. Ko tetahi atu painga o reira tenei, e kore koe e hiahia ana ki te whakapau nui kaha ki te whakarite i te mākete mahi.

Market "ra-mua"

Ko te nuinga i mua i-whakatau Trading pūnaha mākete hiko rarawe te maha me te roa o te supply. Otiia mai taea e whakakorikoria te hua ki te awhina o ara rerekē, he reira tino pea hitches möhio. Heoi, kei te tenei raruraru faatiti'aifarohia nui noa. Ki te mahi i tenei, whakaturia ake warehouses rangitahi. whakahaere ano hoki he taea tenei take i te tikanga o mea ohaoha (hei tauira, hua wawe i roto i te utu). Heoi, ruruku o supply mo te mākete hiko he pūāhua motuhake. Ko te āhuatanga motuhake matua o te mākete - he reira tonu, me te kohi. Hoki enei take, he tino nui hoki te mahi pūmau o te whatunga whakamahere te kaupapa o te pūngao.

Fakafekau'aki te mahi o te operator pūnaha, e whakatau te nui, ka me ki nei ki te whakaora. Ngā tona mahi i roto i te tuhi ake te wātaka o te hiko. Ko te tika o te mahere tei runga i te taumata o te utu o ngā kaiuru mākete katoa. Na reira, tangohia te operator e ki pūkete me te kaha o nga wahi hiko o te whatunga. tauturu i tātaitanga te pono ki te whakakore i te taea o te kikī, i te whakamahi i nga rārangi katoa te mana i roto i te ki tonu i.

Ko te tikanga, ko te ra ka pae hopea whakapaia te operator te hōtaka o ia rā, mua e te ra whakahaere. whai wāhi te kaimahi ki te mākete katoa. Ko tenei tikanga o te whakahaere i huaina ko te "ra-mua".

Market "te wā tūturu"

āhuatanga mākete hiko Wholesale e tona imprecision, tika hoki te matapae he tino taimaha te hōkai o te supply. He kia pai kia etahi ine i te whakaritea i roto i te kirimana.

Reira i tupu pinepine e i roto i te wahi kotahi i reira ko te kore o te pūngao, i te tahi atu, i runga i te anga ke, i reira he tuwhene. I roto i tetahi take, e kore ratou e whakakore tahi i te tahi i roto i. Ki te he nui te nui o te tāne i, Ka taea e arahi te reira i ki rahunga i te pūnaha. Na reira, regulates te operator te supply.

taea mākete wā-tūturu ki te hanga i te pūnaha hokohoko atu whārite e ona kaiuru i roto i o ratou nehe ngā.

kamupene whakaputa

I tēnei wā i roto i Russia reira e kamupene nui whitu. taunekeneke ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi, a ka he te kupu i te whatunga pūngao mākete rarawe. Ko te tipu te mana nga taonga matua o te pūnaha. Kua whakarōpūngia katoa o ratou ki ono hononga. Ko te mana toharite o tetahi taua rōpū o iwa gigawatts. Tuarua Generation Company o te Market Hiko Wholesale regulates te mahi o te tipu mana hurihiko. Kei te karanga a te reira i te "RusHydro". I runga i nga kaute mākete rarawe mō te kotahi toru o te pūngao hua i roto i te whenua.