Ko te paipa hau matua "Power o Siberia": te kaupapa

Kua riro Russia me China hoa tata i roto i te mara o te ōhanga me te i roto i te ao te ao. I waenganui āhua he whakaaetanga hao i roto i ngā o te mahi tahi i roto i te mara o te pakihi. Ki te hunga ngā he kirimana hau supply i China wahie puru i roto i te rārangi "Power o Siberia."

He aha e nga meka tino faahiahia e pā ana ki tenei kaupapa? He aha te mea te kaupapa o te tuku whakaritea o te hau i Russia ki Haina?

ngā mōhiohio taketake e pā ana ki te kaupapa

Paipa "Power o Siberia" ki te kia tū i roto i China i Yakutia. Te pa nui rawa, i roto i nei e tika ai - Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk ko Vladivostok. Ko te "Mana o Siberia" - i roto i te kaupapa matua teitei mo te "Gazprom". Ka meatia te mahi hāngai ki e rua te Russian me te taha Hainamana. Ka whakakotahi te paipa i te pūnaha wahie tohatoha i roto i te Irkutsk me Yakutsk pokapū o te hau production. Ko reira taa'eraa e te ingoa o te kaupapa - "Ko e Mālohi o Siberia" - te Russian Federation whakaritea e nga hua o te whakataetae.

Kei te riro te reira e te wāhanga tuatahi o te paipa - i Yakutia ki Khabarovsk, a ka ki Vladivostok - ka e whakahau ano e te mutunga o 2017. Kia kï hoki, e ka haere i te ara o te paipa hau tuku haere te ara o te paipa hinu i Eastern Siberia ki te taha rohe Kiwa. Tenei tino ka whakaiti i te utu o te hanganga o te hanganga kaupapa e tika ana, me te supply pūngao.

Āhuatanga me paipa iahiko

Ko te "Mana o Siberia" Ko tā te hanga o te raina hau tuku o e pā ana ki 4 mano. Km. Ka whakamahia te reira mo te putanga o te hau tūturu, rite kua matou tuhia i runga ake, i ngā pokapū production rua - Irkutsk ko Yakutsk, i roto i te ahunga o Khabarovsk. E tika ana e ka waiho i te paipa he faaitoitoraa kaha o te whanaketanga ōhanga i roto i te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti e kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te wahi Āhia o te Russian Federation rite te katoa. Ka kia taea tenei e tika ana ki hua tika teitei me te putanga o ngā mahi i roto i te hanga hau me te waka kamupene kore anake, engari ano hoki i te viivii ore o te whakanui ake i te taumata o te gasification o whakataunga me, rite ki te hua, te whai wāhitanga hoki te whakarewanga o te production hou. Ēnei tukanga ka kia atu whakaongaongatia e tautoko pūtea, i roto i ngā, ngā raro i te hōtaka whanaketanga hau supply i roto i te Territory Primorsky.

Mahere paipa "Power o Siberia" ko e whai ake.

kite tatou e te tikanga te kaupapa o te kaupapa kei te ki taupoki ana i te rohe nui. Ka riro te reira i ngā ki te tūhura i te hōkai ōhanga o te kaupapa.

tauine ōhanga

Paipa "Power o Siberia" - i roto i te kaupapa nui rawa i roto i te hītori o te whanaketanga ōhanga o Russia hou. Ka rite ki matau ana tatou, he kirimana hau nui, hua i roto i "Gazprom" i te whai wāhi ki te tomo i te mākete hou āhuatanga nei i te te pūmanawa nui i hainatia i waenganui Russia me China. E ai ki etahi whakatau tata, ka whakaora Russia ki Haina e pā ana ki tetahi trillion mita pūtoru o hau mo te katoa o e pā ana ki $ 400 piriona. No te whakarite, GDP o Russia i PPP ko e pā ana ki 3.5 trillion tara. Kei te mohiotia te reira e ka kōkiri i te counterparty o "Gazprom", te China National Petroleum Corporation, e pā ana ki $ 25 piriona te aroaro o ka tīmata i te supply wahie. Ko te āheinga tata o te paipa hau - e pā ana ki 38 piriona mita pūtoru o te hau ia tau. tae kora transportation kaha ōrite ki tenei tohu te rite tūmanakohia mō te 5 tau i te tīmatanga o te supply tuatahi.

E ai ki etahi tohunga, ka te paipa "Power o Siberia" kia whakaaturia i kaha tonu e 2024. Na whai wāhi kamupene Russian i roto i te faaineineraa o ngā pae hanga, me te te Tuhinga o te rauemi e tika ana, me te taputapu. E tika ana e i roto i 2015 te pae ka tukua ki te 500-600 Whārangi. Taranata o taputapu. Hoki i roto i te 2015 e tūmanakohia reira ki te tīmata hanga o te paipa hau tuku tuatahi.

Te haina i o te kirimana

Ko te kirimana i waenganui i Russia me China mo te supply o wahie mo te ara rawhiti pera-ka karanga hainatia i runga i 13 Oketopa 2014 i te taumata o kāwanatanga e rua. E ai ki te kawenata tāutuhia matou tikanga matua mō te mahi ngātahi i waenganui i Russia me Haina i te wahi o te kaupapa, tae atu i roto i te āhuatanga o te hoahoa, te hanganga, me te mahi o ngā wāhi ripeka-rohe o te paipa. i whakawhiti Construction o te paipa "Power o Siberia" ki te mātau o te kamupene e rua - te Russian "Gazprom" ko CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation).

Hainatanga o te kirimana i waenganui i Russia me Haina i roto i te hanga o te aho i raro i whakaaro kua tukua to matou whenua ki te tatau i runga i te whänui o te supply o hau tūturu. Na, kia rite ki kaitätari, taea te takina fakafalala taimaha rawa i runga i te hau Russian hoko kaweake ki Europe. I tua atu, ka taea e tika ana ki ngā rerekētanga tōrangapū i waenganui Russia me te Te Hau-ā-uru kia uaua ki te whanaketanga atu o mahi ngātahi i roto i te aronga e tika ana. Ko te kupu, ko te tčnei, o tāwāhi hau ki Haina - he taahiraa ki nui-hiahiatia whänui o supply. China - he mākete tipu ki te ahumahi whakawhanakehia, i te mea i roto i te hiahia o nui o hau tūturu tonu. Federation Russian - tetahi o nga kaituku torutoru nei e rite ki te hoko hau ki Haina he kainga, me te utu.

hau rauemi

Ko te kupu, ka whakaora i te paipa "Power o Siberia" ki Haina te wahie hua i roto i ngā pokapū Irkutsk me Yakutsk. Ki te whakaaro ki te rauemi tuatahi, kua tūmanakohia reira production hau i te Kovykta mara. E tata Stocks o wahie reira ki te kia e pā ana ki te 1.5 trillion cm. Ki te whakaaro ki te pokapū Iakūta o te hanga ka haere ki te Chayandinskoye mara. Ko tōna rāhui e pā ana ki 1.2 tcm.

Āhuatanga o te hanganga o te paipa hau

Ko te kupu, e kite tatou pehea kaha, me te whānui kei te tae atu i roto i te wahi o te ingoa, "Ko e Mālohi o Siberia" - he paipa hau. Ko wai hanga reira? Ko wai te mea te kaikirimana whānui mo te whakatinanatanga o tenei kaupapa te ao?

He meka ngā ko e kore ai te kaikirimana paipa whānui wāhi "Power o Siberia" kia. I te iti rawa i roto i te pāpāho horapa tenei tirohanga. Kei te riro te reira i taua ki te hanga i te paipa hau "Power o Siberia" kaikirimana ka kia māngai e te rōpū iti. I roto i tenei tikanga, te "Gazprom", rite tuhia e etahi kaitätari, ke ana tātai - i mua i te hau kaporeihana Russian tonu whiriwhiria he hoa mata. I roto i te take o te kaupapa pēnei, rite te paipa "Power o Siberia", ka mahi i nga kaikirimana mahi rohe.

Ko te kaupapa tuku iho

Ko te kaupapa tuku iho mahi e "Gazprom", te tohatoha o kirimana riro i roto i rota nui, whakaritea e te e te whakahaere mata, i i mahi i roto i te hanga o te wāhanga huarahi. Hei tauira, te hanganga o te "Stream Tonga" i mua i tukuna ai ki a Turkey, i roto i tiaki o te kaporeihana "Stroygazmontazh". Ko te wāhanga Pākehā o "Stream Tonga" ko ki te hanga i te kamupene "Stroytransgaz". I roto i te tahuri, whakatinana te kaupapa "Stream Te Tai Tokerau" i raro i te ārahitanga o te kamupene "Stroygazconsulting".

tauwehe aukati

kaupapa noho, kaitätari mea, e kore te mea tino tino pai i roto i te mau huru o nāianei, ka whakaritea aukati i roto i te faatura o te Russian Federation i te whenua Western. Ko te meka i haere mai ano hoki enei kamupene Russian raro ratou, kia e kore ratou e taea te kawemai etahi momo o taputapu e hiahiatia ana. I roto i ngā, i te mihini Anuhe me ngā pūnaha fehokotakianga pērā i CRC-Evance, whakaputaina i roto i te United States.

taurangi paearu

Ko tētahi atu putanga, whakamārama i te whakahounga o "Gazprom" tona kaupapa here i runga i kaikirimana ko e raro i taua kaupapa nui-tauine, e ko te paipa "Power o Siberia", ngā whakaritenga mahi Russian mō taurangi pēke. Fifi ki te hunga kia whai ia "Gazprom". Ko te meka e kia whakawhiti kamupene hau nui rawa o Russia i te akoranga o te 2015 ki ona moni i roto i te raupapa o 174,3 piriona moni. e kore te tēnei nama whakaaro e kaitätari rite nui rawa ki "Gazprom", engari inaianei e kore ai tatou e kukume loans wā roa-i roto i te take o te moni ërá.

He tohu e ka tohoaki'i te hanga o te paipa "Power o Siberia" rite te katoa 15 ngā umanga. I roto ia ratou, i te wa ano i reira he he kamupene "Stroytransgaz". I roto i te tahi atu kamupene ki nei "Gazprom" kia tomo ki kirimana - EVRAKOR, "Tāuta Special Argus", "Irkutskneftegazstroy", "SpetsMontazhProekt".

Ko te utu tata hoki te hanga o "Power o Siberia" - e pā ana ki 770 piriona moni .. O enei, i roto i ngā, ki te ōhanga o te Republic o Sakha ka haumi reira e pā ana ki 283 piriona. Miria.

aro mātai o te kaupapa

Na, kua ako matou nga tohu ōhanga taketake o te kaupapa. E tatou te mahere o te paipa "Power o Siberia" i whakawakia ano. He aha e te aro mātai o te opuaraa tauira e hāngai ana i roto i te kaitätari pāpāho Russian?

I roto i te whānui, whakaae tohunga e te "Mana o Siberia" - he tauira o hononga ao angitu. Ko te take i te paipa e hiahiatia ana ki te whānuitanga taua i rua Russia me China. I roto i te horopaki tōrangapū o te kaupapa, kia rite ki kaitätari whakapono, kua whakakaha ake te haumi i waenganui i nga whenua e rua.

Te pānga ōhanga tata e tohunga anake pai. Revenue Gazprom mo te supply o wahie, rite tuhia i runga ake matou, ka kia e pā ana ki $ 400 piriona. ka riro nui whakanui ki te whanaketanga ōhanga o te Russian Federation te rohe hāngai - e rua i roto i ngā o te haumi, me i roto i ngā o te hanga hanganga hou, tae atu ahumahi.

He ko he putanga e nga kiritaki matua o te hau i roto i te ao i roto i te wā-waenga, ka waiho China ko India. "Power o Siberia" - he kaupapa e, i roto i tenei tikanga, he tino hāngai i roto i ngā o te ine pānga ki ao ngā ōhanga. E ai ki etahi whakatau tata, i te 2020 ka tae te akiaki o te kohi hau i roto i China e pā ana ki 420 piriona. Mita pūtoru.

hainatia Russia ko Haina te kawenata i runga i kai hau, kua whakatuwheratia ngā huarahi ki te whakawhānui hononga i roto i te rohe rohe. Nā ki te aroaro o te Russian Federation o te hanganga hou tōtika e taea te whakawhanake putunga tūturu hou, e te hunga taonga i roto i Siberia me te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti. He whai wāhitanga i roto i ngā o te kawemai whakauru, te whakanui ake i te rōrahi o te hanga ahumahi i roto i te rohe.

Construction o te paipa "Power o Siberia" tūmanakohia, te ki he take pai i roto i te whanaketanga o Siberia me Far Te Tai Rāwhiti rohe rite te katoa, tae atu i te taha pāpori. Citizens noho i roto i nga wahi e hāngai ana o Russia e riro whai wāhitanga hou mō te mahi, pakihi, mātauranga.

Poapoa ki te haumi

Ko te tupu o te ōhanga o Siberia me te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti ka whakatau rite tūmanakohia e kaitätari, te tupu o te moni investor i roto i enei rohe. I te wa ano titau nei te reira i taua o ratou wenua e ki whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi kaipakihi i Haina, i te mea rawa tata, engari ano hoki i ētahi atu whenua e kore anake - i roto i ngā, South Korea, Vietnam, Singapore. titau tatou i tčnei, nui o nga kaupapa matua o pūtea kāinga. He tokomaha o ratou e te haumi i teie nei i roto i kaupapa tāwāhi, a ko reira taea e hoki ka kia whakahaua ratou whakapaipai ki te ōhanga o Siberia me te Russian Far Te Tai Rāwhiti. Ka taea hoki e tenei te āwhina me te aukati here hāngai ki te kamupene Russian.