Ko te pūnaha ōhanga. Concept. momo

pūnaha Economic Ko te kohinga o tukanga ōhanga katoa e tango i te wahi i roto i te hapori. E meinga ratou e te huarahi ohaoha. hāngai Tetahi pūnaha ōhanga kei i runga i te hanga, ngā ki te kohi, whakawhiti, tohatoha.

Katoa te hanganga o te production whakaratohia te rauemi ohaoha. I roto i tenei take i te hua o te mahi pau, tohaina, ka whakawhiti.

Tetahi i tetahi pūnaha ōhanga ranei ngā huānga rerekē ngā. I roto i ngā, taua wāhanga ngā:

- te hanganga o manawa me ngä poapoa mö ngä kaiuru;

- tikanga ohaoha;

- te hononga i waenganui i ngā rōpū me hinonga, me pera i runga i.

Ko te pūnaha ōhanga taketake me o ratou momo

whakaaro te mākete kei te ki te waiho i te hanganga kaua matatini. I roto i tenei pūnaha ōhanga e whakaaturia hononga i roto i te ao o te production. E hāngai ana te mākete kei i runga i te maha o te mau parau tumu. hāngai ana tēnei pūnaha ōhanga kei te matua i runga i te haere noa te tangata, ana mau taleni pakihi. Ahakoa kei te whakarite matou maimoatanga ataahua o te kāwanatanga.

Me kï reira e te mau parau tumu i runga i te mea feunga iti te mākete. Heoi, he ratou o faufaa nui ki te ariā o "ōhanga mākete". Taua turanga rite whakataetae ataahua, me te haere noa o te takitahi i roto i te mākete, e te tata hono ki te ariā o "āhua o te ture".

He tūturu i roto i hoki te whenua underdeveloped te pūnaha tuku iho o te ōhanga. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te hangarau muri, production kawekawe me ā, takenga maha o te hanganga (te oraraa o momo rerekē o te whakahaere).

I roto i te tahi mau whenua tohe māori, me te hapori momo o te mahi ohaoha. piri te reira i hiranga nui ki te production-tauine iti, e hāngai ana nei i runga i te mau parau tumu o te mana tūmataiti o ngā rauemi, me te hanga o te takitahi mahi tangata, e nona ratou (ngā rauemi).

production Small-tauine i roto i te tahi mau whenua ko te mahi tini me pāmu.

E mea pinepine i roto i te mata o taua ōhanga pūnaha nui faufaa ki whakapaipai ke. Na he tonutia, me te pūmau ia. I roto i te horopaki o te hanganga tuku iho hanga te nui o taonga rauemi. I te wa ano, e kore te he pūnaha taua tiaki i awenga waho, me te kore e taea i mua, me te whakapai ake.

te ora hapori rerekē faatîtîraa o te tikanga me te iho, te piha haapiiraa, me te kaihe wehewehenga me ngā uara fakalotú. enei āhuatanga katoa arai whanaketanga ōhanga.

I roto i te USSR, i roto i te maha o nga whenua Pākehā, me te Āhia Eastern te nuinga te pūnaha (āta) ōhanga whakahaere-whakahau.

Hoki tenei hanganga āhuatanga e te iwi whānui (mau - kāwanatanga) mana o tata katoa rauemi ohaoha, monopolization me bureaucratization. Ka rite ki te pūtake o ōhanga tikanga whakamahere pokapū i roto i manakohia o te ōhanga.

E whakahaere pakihi i te pokapū kotahi, kei roto i te taumata o runga o te kaha. Ehara i te mea e taea ki te whakawhanake takitahi nga kaupapa o te ōhanga.

Ki te te pūnaha whakauru o ngā kaupapa matua te whanaketanga ōhanga e te whai ake: whakahaere mākete, maha-rängai, me te tiaki pāpori. E hāngai ana te hanganga i runga i te huinga o te mana kāwanatanga o tūmataiti pakihi. I roto i tenei take, e whakarato te tuatahi tautoko whānui mo te whakamutunga.

I te wa ano, tāke kāwanatanga, nama, arotahi kaupapa here pūtea i runga i te pūmautanga pāpori me te on tupu ōhanga.

Āhuatanga e te pūnaha ōhanga whakauru o Russia, France, USA, Japan, China, Sweden, United Kingdom.