Ko te whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika. Fundamentals o whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika

Food - tetahi o nga wae matua o te hauora, mahi me te kounga o te ora i roto i te whānui. Ko, ki te whakarite kia e whakatinanahia enei wāhanga katoa, he reira supply wā e tika ana te tinana ki etahi matū i roto i te ōwehenga tika, me te rōrahi. Akoranga whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika te ara i roto i nei kia te hanganga o te kai tangata: te nui me te reira pūmua, te ngako, te warowaihā, huaora me ngā ōpapa mō te mahi tino pai. Ano hoki, arotahi tenei peka o te pūtaiao i runga i te tikanga me ngā wā kai, tona rōrahi, me ngā āhuatanga ōkiko.

warowaihā

Whaiaroaro o te warowaihā kai tōtika tangata vahe he wāhi nui i roto i pākia pūngao. Ngā mihi ki a ratou, e tango te takitahi he supply nohopuku o te kaha me te pūngao, tae atu hoki mahi hinengaro. Warowaihā te mahi e rave rahi ngā mahi nui:

• kirihou (wahi o te kikokiko o whekau rerekē);
• ture (e kore e tukua ki te whakaemi ngako ngā tauhohenga piti hāora ketones);
• toning (tukanga kaha i roto i te pūnaha io);
• detoxification (withdrawal matū kikino).

Te ōwehenga hanganga matū o hauwai me te hāora ngota rite ki rāpoi ngota wai.

kitea nga kai e toru ngā momo o te warowaihā:

• pūhui hukatahi (kanohi e te kūhuka me te huahuka);
• oligosaccharide pūhui (māngai e saccharose, reihuka me maltose);
• pūhui hukarau (māngaro māngai, glycogen, cellulose me te pectin matū).

Rauemi o te warowaihā - he matua tipu kai: hua, huawhenua, pata, etc ...

ngako

whaiaroaro Basic me te akuaku kai i roto i te wāhanga i runga i te ngako rite e pā ana ki te wāhanga taketake o te kai, no te mea o ratou uara pūngao kei te rua rite tiketike atu e o te pūmua, me te warowaihā. Lipids he wahi o hanganga pūtau me ngā tukanga whai wāhi i roto i te hanga.

Anake i roto i te aroaro o te ngako, te whakakorenga me te absorption o huaora A, D, me E. Ko te pūhui lipid o te taonga kaha biologically hakari: tocopherol, lecithin, waikawa fatty sterol. Te whakapai ake i te reka o te kai, me te whakapiki ake i ona kai taea uara ki te tua o te ngako.

Te ngako i roto i te kai - ko reira, i roto i te meka, pūhui faufaa o te glycerine me fatty waikawa. Tata wehea ki e rua ngā rōpū: kukū me te hamanga. Whaiaroaro mana rahi faufaa koiora tango waikawa ngako hamanga, equating ratou ki te huaora.

E te aroaro lipids i roto i ngā kai kararehe i roto i te waikawa kukū ngako (poaka, mīti, reme, etc ...) I roto i te tipu - hamanga (hinu, nati, purapura).

pūmua

Fundamentals o whaiaroaro o pūmua kai tōtika whakaritea rite te huru e tika ana o te ora. Kei te hanga te reira i te pūtau katoa me te kopa i roto i te tinana tangata. He kanorau nga mahi o te pūmua: kirihou, te whakakōkī, e whakamahi, paruru, antitoxic, waka me etahi atu.

Matū pūmua nitrogenous he waerau matatini tito o waikawa amino e te aroaro 25 momo i roto i te kai. Te nuinga o ratou e takaro e te tinana (whakawhiti), mai anake etahi ki te kai (faufaa).

Noho kiriora me kai tōtika whaiaroaro ki pūkete te faufaa o ngā hua pūmua, rawa te hunga i roto i nei i reira he pūmua oti, ki te hanganga waikawa amino whārite. Ngā tika faatura tenei i roto i ko te hua mai i te kararehe (kai, hua, waiu). He pūmua Plant maha hapa i roto i faufaa matatini waikawa amino (soybeans, Buckwheat, pini, parani, me pera i runga i. d.).

macronutrients

Basics kai whakaaro whaiaroaro macrocells rite matū e tika ana mō te mahi noa o te tinana whai wāhi i roto i te pākia o ngā taumata. Rawa nui Ko nga rauemi mo te hanga o wheua e konupūmā me ūkuikui.

Na roto i te macroelements he:

• konupūmā (waiu, tīhi, tīhi);
• ūkuikui (ika, kai, taro, te tīhi, he pini, pata);
• konupora (ngā parāoa, pata, he pini, nati);
• te konutai (konutai tote);
• pāhare pāporo (rīwai, aporo, he pini, pī);
• chloro (taro, te tote);
• whanariki (kai, ika, hua).

Hē o macronutrients arata'i ki tini o nga mate o whēkau me ngā pūnaha, matua pānga nga wheua me oko toto.

micronutrients

huānga Trace mahi he maha o ngā mahi motuhake, mo te mahi tino arotau te tinana kia rite ki te katoa, me ona whekau takitahi.

Ko te rōpū o ngā huānga wahi ngā:

• rino (ate kararehe, Buckwheat);
• konutea (ate, pīni);
• Iodine (rimurimu, te hinu pākirikiri ate, ika moana);
• fluoro (ika moana, wai, teas).

arotahi whaiaroaro i runga i te whakahaere kai kai ki te maha rawaka o whänui me micronutrients e tika ana ki te mau tonu te hauora.

huaora

I roto i te pukapuka matua "Koiora. Whaiaroaro o te Nutrition "(Grade 7) mōhiohio i runga i te huaora aroaro i roto i te maha o ngā wāhanga. e kore e taea te piriponotanga ratou tūranga i roto i ngā mahi faufaa o te tinana. He hakari i roto i whākōkī me hormones whai wāhi i roto i ngā tukanga pūkoro ēnei matū kaha, whakarato ōrite i roto i te tinana me ngā pūnaha.

e kore e huaora whakaputaina e te tinana, pera he mea nui ki a ratou te horomanga kai. arata'i hē ki te ahua o mate, rohirohi, heke tōtika me te wātea i te mate.

kia roto i te kai whārite nga huaora e whai ake nei:

• A - tautoko te hauora me te taiohi o te kiri, acuity ataata, te mate (puna: kāreti, hua, waiu, hopu, ate);
• B ₁ - whakarite te mahi o te uaua, me te karere muka, te hanga o te pūngao (puna: raihi, kai, pini, nati);
• B ₂ - whakahohetia tupu me te pūngao pākia (puna: hua toene, heihei, ika, rewena);
• B ₆ - tauturu metabolize warowaihā me te ngako, tautoko enzymatic tauhohe (Rauemi: rīwai, ika, kai, taro witi katoa, huawhenua);
• B ₁₂ - ārai anemia, disorders o te pūnaha io (puna: kaimoana, waiu, kai, hua);
• C - tautoko te pūnaha ārai mate, niho hauora, kiri me wheua (puna: karaka, rēmana, currants mangu, whakatika hope, pepa reka);
• D - whakatairanga i te absorption o te konupūmā, hua o niho me whao (puna: ika fatty, hua miraka);
• E - tiaki te tinana ki hāora i te taumata pūtau, whakatairanga mahi whakaora i te kiri (puna: kai, ngā hinu huawhenua, pata).

Whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika tā te rōpū o te huaora i te puka o ngā pūnaha motuhake, hāngai ki te tau, me te āhua noho o te tangata.

kai Hygiene

I tua atu ki te tango ki pūkete te hanganga microbiological o nga hua, whaiaroaro o te kai - rerenga parukore kai me te whanonga akuaku. Ka taea te māngai ōna mātāpono i te tikanga e whai ake nei:

1. kia rite kanorau te kai.
2. Katoa ra, e rave rahi taime te mea e tika ana ki te whakamahi i ngā hua i hanga i te paraoa, pata rīwai ranei.
3. Ko minaminatia mahi tinana auau.
4. Kia kai hua hou me huawhenua ia ra.
5. Rapu utu i te lekooti tūturu o te ngako i roto i te kai e hiahiatia ana te whakakapinga o te kararehe i runga i te tipu.
6. Whakawhāiti kohi o te huka para.
7. Kaua e whakatupu kino i te tua o te tote ki te kai.

Cooking kai kia whakarato haumaru me te tiaki mōrahi o ngā āhuatanga whai hua o te hua (pai tunu, tae atu te korohü, tunu, tunu i roto i te oumu ngaruiti).

Tautukunga ki enei ture ohie e whakapai ake i te kounga o te kai.

kai

Ko tētahi atu pātai nui, e no ni'ai te te whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika, - te hangarau o te whakanao kai. I roto i te pai ngā āhuatanga ahumahi me te whakaritea i roto i te ara taua e nui haere te uara kai tōtika o te turanga rauemi raw. Ka te whaihua hopea o te hua kia whakaritea e te ihirangi kore anake o ngā matūkai, engari ano hoki i te whānuitanga ki te e taea te whakaritea e ratou i te tinana. hono ana tēnei raruraru i te nakunaku e rua, me te ki te maha o te tahi atu tukanga whaiaroaro.

Ahakoa nga mau fifi katoa, kei te pai whakapumautia reira e digested-kounga teitei kai te nui, pai atu i te ngau ke, me te hanga i ngā rauemi raw Matiu. Te kai reka me te reka, te atu whai hua ka waiho mo te tinana. Me whakaaro tenei meka i roto i te tukanga o te hanga kai.

Basics rerenga parukore

Ko te ihirangi o te pūmua, te ngako, te warowaihā, huaora me ngā ōpapa whakaaro koiora, kai tōtika whaiaroaro. Kei te arotahi ano rerenga parukore i runga i te whanaketanga o ngā ture o te akuaku whaiaro i roto i te faaineineraa, me te kohi o te kai. whakatupato ratou te contamination o te hua i tabulahia i roto i enei tukumate, triggering paihana kai me te maha o mate.

utua ngā aro te ki te tikanga parukore i roto i ngä faaineineraa kai te whakatutuki. Ko te taumata tiketike o te akuaku whaiaro o ngā kaimahi pānga te ahurea o te ngā ki kiritaki.

Ture o ngā tukanga rerenga parukore takitahi whakarato hoki etahi whakaritenga o nga ringa, mangai, overalls, tikanga mahi te whakahaere, whakamātautau hauora auau o ngā kaimahi.

akuaku Whaiaro o te tangata ia ka kai tā te horoi tino o ringa, engari i te tikanga, me te ki tonu te mâ kakahu tinana, te whakamahi o te huinga takitahi o rīhi. I roto i te aroaro o mate communicable kia whakawhāiti whakapā ki ētahi atu.

Whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika rite te ako pūtaiao

Pakia "Pātukitukinga o Nutrition" whakaako poto i roto i ngā kura tuarua, tohatoha - i roto i whare mātauranga ngaio. Kei roto te reira i te ako o te pūnaha whaiaroaro,, āhuatanga taiao me te hauora e pā ana kai-o te taioranga tangata, taketake nakunaku. He wāhanga nui o te akoranga i oti rawa ki te ako o ngā matūkai, te mau parau tumu o te tuhi ake te kai, akuaku, me te rerenga parukore i roto i te faaineineraa, te tukatuka me te rokiroki o ngā hua. Whaiaroaro o te kai tōtika ki te taketake o te hokohoko - te wāhanga whakamutunga kaupapa, te uhi i te wāhanga ōhanga o te raruraru.