Landfills: raihana me te hanga

I te kau i roto i Russia reira e pā ana ki 24 000 taonga e pā ana ki te ururua totoka tanú. Heoi, whakahaeretia tetahi anake whakatekau o ratou i runga i te pūtake ture, e kore ki te whakahua tautukunga ki whakapumautia e Rosprirodnadzor nga tikanga me ngā ture. Ko tetahi wahi e tika ana ki te raruraru e whakatika i te wā rēhita, te hoahoa me te hanganga o taua wāhi tenei. Ko reira kahore ngaro e he tino motuhake landfills me tangohia ngā whakaritenga motuhake i runga i nga rangatira o te ihirangi, me te remediation whakawhiti ranei ki te mana rerekē. kia Ia o enei pātai te ako taipitopito ki te whakapai ake i te tūponotanga o te whakatutukitanga o hou, haumaru me te parakore ture tapamaha.

Raihana o landfills

Ngohe mo te kohinga me te tikanga o te ururua kei te tino whakaritea, me te kaupapa ki te rēhitatanga. Tuhinga tukua te maimoatanga o te ururua kāinga, me te ahumahi, ko te raihana. I mua i te tīmata koe i te tukanga rēhita, me whakarite e koe e tutuki te kamupene nga whakaritenga o nga mana hi'opo'araa, e ka arotake i te tanú. puta te raihana kei te anake i runga i te huru e tutuki te whare te tikanga parukore, me te tahumaero, he reira ki te pīkau i te taputapu e tika ana, i mahi i te kaimahi ki te whakangungu, me te pera i runga i. D. I tua atu, me te whakarato i te kaitono te hoahoa o te pūnaha, e ka kawe i te mana production i roto i te whakahaere o te ururua.

Tuhinga mō te whiwhi i te raihana

E hiahia ana ki te whiwhi i te raihana ki te whakahaere i tenei momo o te mahi me te whakarato i te mōkihi Rosprirodnadzor e ngā te huinga e whai ake nei o ngā tuhinga:

• tuhinga o te hinonga ture;
• he rārangi o mahi, whakaritea nei ki te kia kawea i roto i roto i te mara o te whakahaere ururua;
• tuhinga whakau i te mana o te whenua, ka e kia whakahaerehia rohe mo te kohinga o ururua (maha e hanga landfills whare motuhake, e titau hoki nga tuhinga e hāngai ana);
• taunakitanga o te otinga angitu o te aromatawai pānga taiao;
• tiwhikete mō te whakahaere ururua;
• tiwhikete o utu o te ohipa kāwanatanga mo te raihana.

Ko te tukanga mō te raihana issuance

Rosprirodnadzor taki te kōrero me ngā tuhinga tonoa ki te kaitono i roto i te 5 ra. I runga i nga hua whakamātautau i hanga he whakatau i roto i te puka o te whakakāhoretanga karaati ranei o te raihana. Tikanga, Kei te raihana landfills ki te i hāngai tuatahi ratou i runga i nga whakaritenga hangarau, ture, me te taiao. He hiranga pai-i hanga whakaturia o ngā tuhinga hoki. I roto i te whāwhā tukanga o rangatira Rosprirodnadzor manatoko i te faaoti me tika o te mōhiohio tohua i roto i te tono, me ngā tuhinga.

He mea nui ki te mōhio e hoko i te hanga o nga tau tata nei whaiaro-ture piki haere hapori pera-ka karanga (sro), e faaore wahi o ngā kaiuru mākete hou i te hiahia ki te whiwhi i te raihana. I roto i te mara whakahaere koraha, kei te whiwhi tenei mahi anake whakauka, engari mema i roto i te sro o tenei kōtaha e taea kia tino whai hua. Māngai o taua rōpū kore te whakamana i anake ratou landfills, engari he ture, me te mōhiohio me te tautoko hangarau i ratou hoa, i te mea nui rawa i roto i nga tīmatanga o te whanaketanga hinonga.

awhe hoahoa

Kua i roto i te wā whanaketanga o te kaupapa e ki pūkete te taparau whakaaro motuhake hei ahanoa, hangaia hoki te kohinga me te tikanga o te ururua whare. Hei whakaiti i te pānga kino o enei complexes i runga i te taiao o te wāhi e karapoti ana, te tauira whakarato hoki ngā pūnaha tiaki, kohuki tauārai ki te täoke. Ratou wātea me te whakatau i te rerekētanga i waenganui i te poma tikanga motuhake me landfills.

Hoki neutralization angitu o te pānga deleterious i roto i te mahi o te ahanoa heke mai, kia whakauru te hoahoa landfills e whai ake mahi:

• Ko te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha wuru mo ngohi poke. Ko tenei ki te ārai i whakapā tika i waenganui i te whenua, me nga putunga tanú.
• Faataa mai me te whakaritenga o te wāhi tapamaha ki te wāhi mata pinakitanga mō te tango i te wai mata.
• Te hanga i tētahi pūnaha ventilation mo te tanú.
• Whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha whakahaere, me te mana leachate.
• Tuhia mahere whenua.

kawea Hoahoa i roto i roto i runga i te mau parau tumu ki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te raruraru kaiao me te parahanga o te taiao. I te wa ano te nui tino i roto i ngā o te haumaru ko nga tinana wai.

Construction o landfills

Events mo te whakatinanatanga hangarau o nga kaupapa tanú i roto i maha tikanga rite ki kaupapa hanga tuku iho. kia ngā taua complexes te taua taputapu, whare pāmu, me pera i runga i. E. Ki te rerekētanga e pēnei ki te whakaritenga motuhake o te noho wehe me te kōwhiringa o ngā rauemi. I tua atu, hanga tanú me riro te hanganga o whakaurunga parukore ki mata protivofiltratcionnymi, e ko te āhuatanga matua i roto i tetahi matatini o tenei momo.

He onge Natural aukati arowhenua ki te horapa o pollutants i mahi, na ngā ō pukupuku tiaki motuhake i runga i te mata o te rohe mahi. Ki te awhina o taua tauārai ki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakangaromanga kino o te taiao rite ki te hua o te pānga o taparau taiao kino.

reclamation tanú

Mai te hoahoa tanú, e kore e taea e tatou e tutakina i te taea o tona remediation iku. Tenei hui nui, i roto i nei te whenua e nohoia e te teihana o mua riro kāwanatanga taiao hauora.

Ko te kupu e taea te whakamana tanú reclamation rite ki ngā tikanga whakangao o neutralization, tae atu i te whai i ēnei:

• Analysis o te pae, me te whakatau i te taumata o tona ati.
• Whakaaro o te taea o te whakamahi i whirinoa reclamation.
• Whanaketanga o te kaupapa mo te tukunga, me te remediation muri.

Heoi, i reira e maha ngā rōpū o ngā huarahi hangarau ki te whakakore tanú. Hei tono whakaora taketake, me te tikanga o te ururua i roto i tetahi atu wahi haumaru, me te whakangaro tika i runga i te pae.