Mate Leishmaniasis: tohumate, maimoatanga, whakaahua

I roto i te subtropics me tropics rerekē ki te kitea te mate leishmaniasis. tuku te mate te ki te tangata i roto i ngau waeroa. Ko te māngai pūtake o te mate - hātare o te puninga Leishmania. rēhitatia tēnei māuiuitanga e i roto i 88 whenua, o nei 72 He whenua whakawhanake.

whakamārama poto o

Ora me te whakawhanake o Leishmania i roto i te tangata kararehe rerekē ranei. Tino maha e kitea e ratou i roto i pokiha, mohoao, kuri, etahi kiore. Tae noa tenei ra kahore he kōrero e pā ana ki te wā o te infectiousness o kararehe, me te tangata. Kei te mohiotia te reira kotahi anake. Ki te whai te kiri ranei i roto i te toto te werau, te ope, ko te puna o te mate.

whakatau tino kino i roto i Leishmania rauropi. ora ratou i roto i te kōateate me ate. I te tahi taime noho pirinoa i roto i te hinu wheua wheua. Ka rite ki tuhia i runga ake, he mate taua - whiu tangata e kore e anake. E mea pinepine i kitea leishmaniasis i roto i kuri, mōkai kiore.

mōhiohio hītori

kitea Leishmaniasis ko P. F. Borovskim i 1898. Te kimi pirinoa i roto i waimeha pendinskoy whewhe, te tākuta tuatahi whakaahuatia ratou. Ko te aha te i huaina ano hoki te mate leishmaniasis "leishmaniasis". He nui i muri, ka kia whakaritea te tukumate ki te puninga Leishmania rawa hanga. Kua whakapumautia he ara māuiuitanga kua anake i roto i te 1921.

I reira, mate leishmaniasis - he mate onge, e taea anake hopu i roto i te whenua o nga tropics, subtropics.

He aha te mea he werau?

mate atu noa ko leishmaniasis waihakihaki. Ko te māngai pūtake o te mate - Leishmania. whakaaro e kore e taea te werau ki te kanohi tahanga. He microscopically iti ona āhuatanga. te roa Leishmania - e pā ana ki 3 microns. Ko te werau he āhua porohita porotītaha ranei, kei te i roto i te waenganui o tona matua. Ko te wahi mua Kei te pihi Leishmania ko te blefaroplast muri.

whāngai werau i runga i nga tirotiro o ngā pūtau kararehe, tangata. Tini i te wehenga ohie. I roto i te wahi mua kahore he pihi. Ko te kupu ka tīmata te tukanga o te uri, i hua i contamination o te tinana.

Pathways

Kei te ngāwari haere te mate. Ko ohie te kaupapa nui. Pepeke ngau o te tangata ranei kararehe huaketo pirinoa kawe i roto i te rauropi hauora. I muri i te wa i te manawanui pāngia ki te leishmaniasis mate.

Tukumate e rave rahi momo tatini. Mō rua tekau o ratou tū te riri ki te ora te tangata. Nuinga o ngā wā, meinga ratou leishmaniasis waihakihaki. fakafaingata'a'ia'i reira maimoatanga o te mate e te hunga tino kiriuka ki therapy rongoā paturopi pirinoa.

Ko kawe o te mate te waeroa. I muri i te ngaua e te pepeke tangata pangia huaketo. A i muri i te wiki tohu kē te puna o te mate. Ēnei pepeke toto-ngote whakapoke i te manawanui ko te ahua waihakihaki o te mate. Ka taea e te tinana tangata hua paturopi. Kia ora i te āhua taua te manawanui he kaha wātea i te mate ki te mate.

taea ki te kia kore tuku i roto i te toto o te waeroa anake mate leishmaniasis waihakihaki ko. Ka taea te huaketo te pepeke rere whewhe.

whakarōpū mate

E toru ngā momo o te mate:

1. Leishmaniasis kiri. whakakitea te mate whitiki hohonu o te faaiteraa o papules.
2. leishmaniasis Mucocutaneous. Hoki te mate taua āhuatanga e tuwhenua o te mangai, ihu me te korokoro.
3. leishmaniasis visceral. pāngia ana tēnei puka te ka tomo Leishmania nga oko waitinana. Mai horapa te rere o te wai i roto i te tinana. pānga te reira i te whekau. Ko te nuinga tenei te kōateate, pūkahukahu, ngakau, ate. Tenei puka He te kaha ki te hanga i roto i te māuiuitanga ārai muri.

mārama whakaatu Photo mate leishmaniasis kei raro. E whakaatu ana te reira i mate waihakihaki.

Tiri māuiuitanga, i runga i nei ko te awa ki me te puna o te mate rānei. Ko te kupu, leishmaniasis waihakihaki, taea e me te visceral o ngā puka e rua:

• anthroponotic - he puna o te mate ko te tangata;
• zoonotic - te kaihoko fakatupu o te mate whakawhiti te i kararehe.

Tohu o te puka visceral

faaite te reira i tenei puka o te wā heki roa. Mai te mate i mua i kia tango i te tīmatanga o te tohu tuatahi o te mate i te 20 nga ra ki te 5 marama. whakawhanake te reira i leishmaniasis āta visceral. Ko te tohu i roto i te tīmatanga o te wāhanga e whai ake:

• He he he ngoikore whānui;
• kiri koma;
• heke hiahia ake ki tona ngaro oti;
• nui haere paku te rahi kōateate;
• tau'a i tohua;
• e whakatika pāmahana tinana (auau mōrahi ko 38 C).

āhuatanga kauneke o te mate e te tua o ngā āhuatanga hou. ngana Nepredprinyatye ki te hamani leishmaniasis exacerbate. E tapiritia tohu i roto i te tangata e whai ake:

1. Tino nui haere te pāmahana (40 tae te wāhi C). Tēnei āhuatanga kua he pūāhua karekare. Ētahi te manawanui ki tūāhuruiti noa.
2. Mare. puta tenei tohu i roto i pāpaka o te taputapu romahā.
3. Rahi taikiri. Tāutuhia i roto i te tirohanga. Ko te hua kitea tata nga whekau pāngia.
4. Here o te ate, kōateate i roto i palpation. Kua riro te reira i te hua nui i roto i enei whekau.

Ki te kore koe e tīmata i te whawhai ki te māuiuitanga, tonu ki te i mua leishmaniasis. Treatment tino uaua. tonu huru o te manawanui ki te ma'ihia:

• te kēkeno o te manawanui;
• riro kōateate rahi nui;
• Ko te maroke, rawa koma te mata kiri;
• whanoke auau;
• puta huamo i te waewae;
• contractions ngakau auau;
• faarahi rōrahi puku (piki wai i roto i te kōhao peritoneal);
• reira he korere;
• mananga waimaero.

āhuatanga te atamira whakamutunga e heke uaua oro, te ahua o te tinana katoa huamo, koma pukupuku kodnymi. Ka rite ki te hua, mate te manawanui.

I te tahi taime pāngia akoranga mate ma'i. Tohu o te mate tata kahore. kitea ana tēnei whare hauora te ka rui Leishmania whekau mōkito.

Tohu o mate kiri

Kei te maha tenei puka rēhita i Hauti Arapia, Afghanistan, Brazil, Hiria, Iran, Peru. Ko te wā heki e taea muri i te 10 nga ra ki te 1.5 marama.

I roto i te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te hanganga o te kiri puta, i te mea ulungāanga mo te ngau pepeke. I tenei wāhi, te mutunga i hanga he whewhe, ngā Ahakoa tubercle. Palpation o te wahi ai hūhi mamae. I muri i tetahi ki te e rua wiki i roto i te wahi waenganui o te tubercle puta kiko mate - necrosis. wahi tenei kua he tae pango. I maoro tahuri reira ki te whewhe. Mai i te pokapū marutanga tu te wai kōwhai-whero - pirau.

Tata te tuwhenua tuatahi timata ki te whakatika fepulopulasi tuarua. Ka mau te ahua o te motu, ratou iku hanumi. i hanga e tetahi whewhe nui i runga i te mata kiri.

Ka taea e taikiri rohe ake i te manawanui ki te tātaritanga o "leishmaniasis". āhuatanga leishmaniasis waihakihaki e te patunga whakaora mo 2-6 marama. Heoi, noho nga tohu i roto i te wahi mariao.

Ko te kupu, nga tohu matua o pathologies waihakihaki e:

• takanga o hillocks - leishmania;
• whakangaromanga o te kiri i te pae o te tubercle;
• faaiteraa o;
• i tukitukia e whakaora me te nawe hanganga.

Tohutanga puka mucocutaneous

e kore e tenei momo o te leishmaniasis mate i roto i ona faaiteraa rerekē i mate kiri. Ko te rerekētanga anake ko te tohatoha māuiuitanga pātata kiriuhi mucous.

karanga te reira i tenei ahua o te werau i kitea i roto i te Ao New. Kiri, me te māuiuitanga membrane mucous tīmatanga rite te ngau kararehe. I muri, kua whakamahia tūroro mucous. I te tahi taime deforms te mate te mata.

Ki tenei mate e tapiritia nga āhuatanga e whai ake nei ki nga tohu i runga ake o te leishmaniasis waihakihaki:

• ihu mātihetihe;
• popoketanga nasal ;
• uaua horomia;
• nosebleeds;
• erosions me mariao i roto i te mangai (ngutu, pae, arero);
• mariao i roto i te kōhao nasal.

Doctors wehewehe rua ngā momo o pōauautanga o tenei puka. Ki te piri ki te mate tuarua raruraru, kia whakawhanake i te manawanui kakā. Tenei romahā whai wāhi pea mate.

tātaritanga o te mate

I roto i aua whenua i reira he whānui te mate, tūroro e pai te tohu haumanu me te hua o te tätari, kei te riro te reira i te aroaro o te leishmaniasis.

Ētahi atu tūroro e hiahiatia ana mō te tātaritanga ení ki te whakahaere i te ako o te kikokiko i raro i te karu ki te kitea pirinoa whakamātautau toto e tautuhi paturopi ranei. Mohiotia i roto i te whakamātautau kiri hauora, ka karanga te whakamātautau "kiri mangu". e kore te mea tino tika, he ako taua, na e kore tata te whakamahia mo te tātaritanga o te mate.

kia kore tatou e wareware e taea maha mate meinga mate taimaha, kirika, hua i roto i whekau, lesion kiri. Ka taea e te nuinga o mate i ngā i te tohu o te leishmaniasis. Reira taipō kirika, malaria, mate Chagas ', toxoplasmosis, kohi, paipai pākewakewa, histoplasmosis. Na reira, ko te taea he tātaritanga äta anake e whakakore atu māuiuitanga.

Ki te whakapae koe he tātaritanga o te leishmaniasis waihakihaki tīmata ki te kohinga tino o te hītori tahumaero. Huri i te reira i roto i te meka o noho o te manawanui i roto i te rohe e mohiotia urutā mate.

Whakamatautau ki te whakaū i kawea te tātaritanga i roto e whai ake:

• tātari rauemi tangohia i hillocks me mariao;
• tātari toto (Romanovsky-Giemsa);
• wheua poka wheua;
• unuhanga ate, taikiri, kōateate;
• tauira koiora;
• whakamātautau serological (Elisa, RSK).

whakaora

Ka rite ki whakahuatia mua, paturopi whai hua i roto i te maimoatanga o te mate. E faataahia ratou anake i roto i te take kotahi - Ki te honoa te whakapokenga huakita o te leishmaniasis. Hoki nga momo rerekē o te mate ki āu ratou tikanga o e pā ana ki te mate. Ki te pāngia tetahi manawanui te leishmaniasis waihakihaki, e hāngai ana maimoatanga te i runga i te whakamahi o ngā rongoā rohe. titau puka visceral te raupapa o werohanga.

he ngawari mate, maimoatanga motuhake kore te tata e hiahiatia ana. Taua mate i muri i te tetahi wā o te wā haere takitahi. I roto i tenei nunu'a kino, e kore e waiho e ia.

Ki te mea he manawanui he taumata iti o te wātea i te mate, i te reira tika i faataahia maimoatanga whakaora. Mai puta te mate ko reira rawa uaua. he mahi wehe, ngaahi nunu'a mamafa mo te manawanui, a ētahi wā mate kore o mehua e tika ana rata.

Māuiuitanga e heipū ana i roto i te puka nui, whai wāhi pokanga. I roto i te mahi, te manawanui he kōateate tangohia.

Maimoatanga o mate kiri

tikanga whawhai whakawhirinaki i runga i te puka, me te atamira o te rere o taua māuiuitanga rite leishmaniasis. kia whai wāhi Treatment te tikanga e whai ake nei:

• therapy raau;
• technique hāparapara;
• i tua;
• hahau.

Kei te whakamahia tikanga hāparapara, ki te reira ko te kotahi lesion iti i runga i te mata kiri. motuhia tenei whewhe hāparapara.

No te mau opuaraa whakaora, e taea te whakamahi i te tikanga therapy tinana e whai ake nei:

• whakakore māuiuitanga taiaho;
• cryosurgery - he wahi ngaro e te mate o matao;
• maimoatanga ru - electrocoagulation.

tīkina Radical ngā ki rongoā antibacterial me mahi anti-inflammatory.

hāngai ana maimoatanga Drug te i runga i te raau taero e whai ake nei:

1. "Metronidazole". Ko te nuinga te maimoatanga e pā ana ki 10 nga ra. tangohia te raau e toru ngā wā i te ra perinatally. He horopeta kotahi - 250 mg.
2. raau taero kakano Pentavalent. E mea pinepine te mea taero, "Solyusurmin", "Glyukontim". E whakaritea ratou ki te memeha noa o te tarukino "Metronidazole", whakamahia hoki 2-3 ra. E faaterehia ēnei taero rohe me intramuscularly. Ko te horopeta tūtohutia - 400-600 mg o tarukino ia ra.
3. "Pentamidine." Tenei taputapu Ko te tarukino o whiriwhiri. Kei te tono te reira i rua i te wiki mō te 2-4 mg / kg.
4. Local rongoā horoi, waipatu hinu. whakahinuhinu ratou nga wāhi pānga. Whai hua i roto i taua māuiuitanga "Monomitsinovaya", "Gramitsidinovaya", "Rivanolovaya" (1%), "Akrihinovaya" (1%) hinu.
5. "Furatsillina". hinu taunakitia o tenei otinga.

Kei te maha maimoatanga Drug kawea i roto i akoranga motuhake. I waenganui ia ratou tino tūtohu tango i te mea kiano i matao tonu e pā ana ki 2-3 wiki. Toketaá homai i runga - te toharite. E tīpakohia I roto i te maimoatanga paerewa mō ia manawanui takitahi.

I te wāhanga tuatahi o te mate āpiha antiprotozoal ( "Solyusurmin", "Glyukontim") e tomo tika ki te lesion. Kei te pai io taua werohia kawea atu e pā ana ki 3-5 ra.

Maimoatanga o te puka visceral

I roto i tenei puka o te māuiuitanga tono rongoā 3 ngā rōpū:

1. Founga o pentavalent kakano. E mea pinepine i roto i te therapy ngā "Solyusurmin", "Pentostam", "Neostibazan", "Glyukantim". E whakahaere Drugs intramuscularly pâmuhia ranei. Ko te inenga o ēnei rongoā tei runga i te tau. Kei akoranga mōrahi o te 20 werohanga.
2. diamidino kakara. Tenei rongoä "Pentamidine", "Stilbamidin". E faataahia taua tikanga i te raau taero whakahuatia i runga ake maimoatanga whai hua pentavalent kakano. Ka Me te manawanui ki te haere 3 akoranga. I waenganui i reira ko te whati o te 10 nga ra.
3. "Amphotericin B". Mō tenei rongoā ko reira, ki te whakahuatia i runga ake i nga taero katoa e kore e whakarato i te pānga haumanu hiahiatia. Roa o te therapy kia e pā ana ki 8 wiki.

kia ngā te maimoatanga:

• raau taero antibacterial: "methacycline", "Rifampicin";
• āpiha antifungal, "Ketoconazole";
• raau taero antimicrobial, "furazolidone".

ethnoscience

Ka taea e riro tikanga whai hua e whakamahia ana e te tohunga tuku iho ki te whakakore mate. Just ki te mahara e kore e taea taua tikanga whakakapi i te therapy whakaritea e te tākuta, ka mate "leishmaniasis waihakihaki". Maimoatanga o rongoā iwi kia mahi rite atu tikanga ki te aro mate.

A, no te tūtohu te ahua waihakihaki o te mate:

1. Ko te whakamahi o haeana. He mea pai ki te hanga i te tincture o Aralia, magnolia Chinese waina, ginseng, Eleutherococcus, lewisia. Ratou tino whakaū parepare o te rauropi katoa, whai wāhi ki te whakapai ake whānui. He mea tika ki te whakamahi i tetahi o nga rongoā rua he ra mo te 30 pata.
2. inu hou. Ko reira tino āwhina hoki ki te tūroro pau inu i te kāreti, rīwai, kāpeti.
3. Decoctions, infusions hanga i ōti. teas Herbal vine rau, Rosehip hua, rewarewa.
4. Kokopi i runga i nga fepulopulasi. whakamahia tēnei tikanga te anake, no te i whewhe kore whakakitea te. Hoki e kokopi whakamahi takiwa puawai broths tansy, whiro kiri.
5. Oleoresin te rakau pine - puruhi, kauri, te rimu. I roto i te puka o pire kia hoatu i runga i te wahi i pangia, a mau i te tipare.

Mā te whakamahi i enei tikanga, kia mohio ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta. Ētahi taputapu ngā contraindications me utu o te whakaora e kawea nunu'a kino.

Prevention o mate

Ko te mehua taketake ki te ārai i te mate, ko te ki te whakakore puna o te mate - kiore me te waeroa - i roto i te wāhi o ratou uri.

Ko te uri o nga wahi e nohoia e te kiore, whakaputaina i roto i te pūtoro o te 15 km i te kainga i roto i nei te ārai. hāngai ana tēnei tawhiti ki te haerenga waeroa tawhiti.

Hei ārai i te horapa o te mate kiri, me te ārai koe i te tupuranga o te kararehe manene. tonu kia whakamatauria Pets mo mate.

mehua ārai pūnahanaha ngā:

1. Whakaātaahua o ngā wāhi noho. He mea tika ki te whakakore i te papa whenua hei tupuranga o te waeroa me te kiore.
2. e tūtohu ana ki te whakakore i te mua.
3. A ape i basements waipuke.
4. Wā hanga aerodynamics katoa.
5. Wā kia kawea i roto i disinfestation ārai me basements noho.

Tiakina te kāinga i te waeroa tukua kupenga waeroa mātotoru. I tua atu, e tūtohu ana ki te whakamahi i repellents. ka ārai tikanga ohie taua mate leishmaniasis.

Prevention e nga wahi e he kino, i runga i te therapy ārai motuhake toro. Kia aroha mai, ki te rā e kore kua whakawhanakehia te kano o nāianei ki te mate.

mutunga

I roto i te nuinga o te wā i te waitohunga he mate pai. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki leishmaniasis waihakihaki, he reira uaua mate. Ahakoa maha rau muri te pokapoka disfiguring. I roto i te ngaro o tika maimoatanga o visceral puka he mate e tika ana ki te pohokore nui rahunga okana ranei tata tonu. Ka taea te karohia tenei, engari anake te timatanga wā o te pakanga ki te māuiuitanga kino i raro i te mātakitaki o te tākuta mātau.