Medal "hoki te Defence o Moscow" (whakaahua)

Battle mō Moscow i roto i te Pakanga Patriotic nui i roto i te mahara o te iwi Russian mau te wahi motuhake. Kei te whakamatauria te reira e kore i mua i mohio taea te patua te hinga o te ope Tiamana. Hoki Hitler, ko te hopu o Moscow o faufaa nui, e rite ana ki te wikitoria oti i runga i te Soviet Union. Ka rite ki te hua, ko reira te timatanga o te tiango o te Wehrmacht. te hunga katoa e awhina i te whakapaipai o to matou whenua, e rua hōia, me te harangotengote, kua whakaaturia tainga, itoito me te ātete maia. Medal "hoki te Defence o Moscow" ko te hunga kua meinga he tutukitanga i roto i te ara o nga Nazis ki te raupatu i te ao nei toa, me te toa.

korero o Moscow

Kei te conventionally wehea Battle o Moscow ki e rua ngā wāhanga: ārai me te ino.

Ko te tīmatanga hītori o te whawhai mo te whakapaipai o te Soviet Union, ranei, i roto i te kupu atu, te ra tuatahi o te korero o Moscow - he 30 Mahuru 1941 tenei. whakahaere te Countdown te i muri i timata te ino ope Tiamana, hurupoki "Typhoon" i roto i te ahunga o Bryansk me Vyazma. i taimaha whawhai. Ki te parekura i hanga te hoariri tona ara ki te hongere Täingäwai-Moscow, a ka mutu i te mata tonga o te pa o Kashira. Ofi ki Moscow, kihai i taea e ia te haere mai.

tu City korero ona tangata. Ahakoa i roto i te raumati i hanga e te reira 12 wehewehenga me 56 ope tūao i haere ki te paruru i te pane. I tua atu, rite ki te ture GKO o 12 Mahuru 1941, te hanga o taiepa a tawhio noa Moscow. hipoki te raina matua o ārai te pa i roto i te porowhita, i tū 20 kiromita i te pa. I tua atu ki tenei ko te parepare me i te pa, mo te tauira i roto i te rohe o te Garden Ring me te tereina karo. Ano, rite rawa toa hanga mo te whakatika pakaru taputapu me patu. e karangatia enei whare katoa Moscow rohe ārai, a arahina ana ratou e ki te tiaki o te matenga o te Military District Moscow, General PA Artemyev I raro i whakaturia i tona timatanga peka te wahi hōia o te hoia pa, tono rāhui wehenga, ka hanga e te nuu faehau.

whakaeke Moscow

Ko te korero roa itoito o Moscow tukua ki te whakakikī me te whakakaha i te rāhui. A i runga i Hakihea 5 o te taua tau i timata reira he mahi whakahāwea i akina e toru: Kalinin, Western me Tonga-Western. whakaritea rangatira o te tīmatanga o enei ko General o te Army GK Zhukov. Hoki te ope Tiamana ko reira he ohorere oti. Na roto i tenei wa, te hoariri i pau nui tonu haere tonu whawhai. I tua atu, e tika ana ki te tikanga huarere nui me te supply kai o patu o te ope Tiamana i pakaru, i arahina ki te taui.

Ko te taui o te fascists i Moscow, haere tahi e te parekura e rua i roto i nga tangata, me te i roto i nga rakau, me te taputapu. Na roto i te timatanga o Hanuere 1942 i panaia hoki i Moscow te raina mua, 250 kiromita atu i te riri o te hopu kua whakakorea.

Noa nei ino e tata ana Moscow, i whakawhanakehia e GK Zhukov, ako i roto i hunga pukenga hōia. Ko te rangatira ia i muri riro te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow", me te maha atu kaiuru noa o tenei whawhai. tohua tēnei tohu i to ratou itoito, me te itoito i roto i te pakanga mo te haere noa o ratou whenua tupu.

Ko te hītori o te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow"

Hei utu i te kaiwawao o Moscow Pipiri 29, 1943, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakatū i te moni moni. Kawenga mō tona whanaketanga i whakaritea intendant o te Army Whero, Kānara General PI Drachov I ona whakahau, kua hanga te rōpū toi, e kua Hōngongoi 12 hoatu he torutoru whakaaro rite-hanga. Hōngongoi 15, 1943, i tukuna enei huahua kia whiriwhiria e Stalin. Otiia i te wa i tangohia i te whakatau whakamutunga. Heoi, i roto i te Hānuere 1944, i tīmata anō te mahi i runga i te mētara huahua. Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga o tona otinga kei ki nga toi Moskalev NI ko Romanov EM Na roto i te mutunga o Hānuere kua ko ahau rite te tauira whakamutunga o te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow".

Whakarerekētanga me te whakaaetanga o te ahua whakamutunga o tohu

I muri i te tauira whakamātautau, hanga i roto i te whakarewa kaituhi Sokolov NA, whakaurua he maha o ngā rerekētanga i roto i te ahua o nga tohu:

• I hohoro tuatahi i runga i te whakamārama o te taiepa Kremlin ki te hoatu i te rōpū o kaiwawao o Moscow, engari i whakakapi i te reira e te tank ki hoia i roto i tona patu,
• heke te rahi o te kikorangi o te whare o te Kawanatanga,
• i roto i te kokonga maui hoatu te whakapakoko o te manureva e rere.

Ko te kupu i whiwhi reira whakamutunga mētara tohu tohu "hoki te Defence o Moscow", he whakaahua i whakaatu tona hanahana me te hakari.

Ko te rā o te whakaaetanga o tenei tohu ko 1 Haratua 1944.

E ai ki nga pukapuka o te kaitoi kaituhi mētara Moskalev NI, mahi i runga i tenei tohu, ka anga ia roa i mua i te tikanga e pā ana o te ārahitanga i te whenua o, i roto i te ngahuru o 1941. Na i reira ko tetahi tino riri ki te mahi o te whakapaipai. I muri, ko tenei huahua te pūtake o te tahi atu tohu tohu - te Order o kororia, i whakawhanakehia hoki Moskalev.

rite te mētara titiro reira

tohu moni ko parahi, āhua a tawhio ki te diameter 32 mm o. Ko te obverse (te mata mua pera-ka karanga o tetahi tohu tohu) E whakaatu ana Kremlin taiepa. Muri ia ko te tuanui domed o te whare kāwanatanga ki te kara e kakapa mai te Soviet Union. I roto i te mua o te turanga ki te marohirohi, e i roto i nga ra tawhito, faatiamâraa i te pa - Minin me Pozharsky. Next - nga kaiwawao o te whakapaipai i runga i te patu tank. I roto i te koki ki maui o te rererangi tohi tongi i runga o te tuhituhinga "hoki te Defence o Moscow", me i te muri o te mētara whakawhiwhia mo te Defense o Moscow i tai'o ai "hoki tatou motherland Soviet".

Ko wai i whakawhiwhia te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow"?

E ai ki te whakatau kāwanatanga, kia whiwhi i te tohu nga kaiwawao katoa o te whakapaipai:

• hōia nga ope patu katoa wāhi i roto i te whawhai mo Moscow he kore iti iho i te 1 marama i roto i te wā i 19.10.41 i 25.01.42 tau,
• civilians o te pa, me te rohe, nana nei i hanga nga parepare me pakaru taputapu hōia, me te whai wāhi tika i roto i te whawhai ino, me te ārai o kahore iti iho i te 1 marama i roto i te wā kotahi - i 19.10.41 i 25.01.42, i
• hōia me civilians - whai wāhi mātātoa i roto i te korero o te whakapaipai i roto i te wā i 07.22.41 i 25.01.42 tau,
• guerrillas nei i whawhai i roto i te rohe Moscow.

I tua atu, i homai tenei honore ki hoia nei fakatau'atāina'i pa o Tula.

kōwhiringa mō te ahua o te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow" pea

Ka rite ki mohiotia te, i hoatu te tohu i roto i te whawhai, a i muri i tona otinga. Kei te tiaki te tauira katoa, engari i hanga nga huringa i nei taa ê utu hōia, me te pou-whawhai taatou hoatu

• metara eyelet, i whakaputaina i roto i te whawhai, e soldered ki te turanga, me te Unuhia rua-apa, taimaha,
• i roto i te tauira taringa pou-pakanga i ringihia tahi ki te mētara, ko te poraka he-apa kotahi, konumohe.

meka ako

Ko te tangata tuatahi nei i whakawhiwhia te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow", ko Iosif Stalin. I whakawhiwhia ia 7/20/44, a riro te tau tiwhikete hāngai 000001.

I mua ki January 1, 1995 he katoa o te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow" Kua riro kahore iti iho i te e pā ana ki 1,028,600 iwi. Ko reira taa'eraa i whakawhiwhia neke atu i rua tekau mano taiohi te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow".

Hei kakahu i te mētara "hoki te Defence o Moscow" i te taha ki maui o te pouaka (te wahi patu te ngakau, mo Moscow - te ngakau o to tatou whenua tupu). Ki te mea i reira e te tahi atu mētara, e "hoki te Defence o Moscow" kia whai reira te tohu e whai ake nei i te mētara "hoki te Defence o Leningrad".

I te tahi taime tuku ki roto i te tohu tuhinga hītori mo te korero o Moscow, engari kei te meinga te reira kupu hē. kore kua Order, a reira ko tika mētara tohu "hoki te Defence o Moscow".