Memorial 411 pākahiko, Odessa: photo, wāhitau, tohutohu

I roto i te pa-hero o Odessa ko te wahi aroha e tangata katoa, me te maha manuhiri, fakangalongata'a ki to tatou papa ruau, riro i roto i te haere noa whawhai whakamataku hoki ratou me o ratou tamariki. Tata i runga i te rohe, i roto i te park matomato ataahua, kei roto i te whare taonga tuwhera-rangi, he takoha ki te mahara o te whawhai mo te pa tino - Memorial o pūhiko 411-th i roto i Odessa. I roto i te pa topeatanga tamaiti katoa i roto i te kōhungahunga hanganga hōia katoa o aua wa. Entrance ki te iwi whānui noa, ka taea e koe te tiro i katoa o te whakaaturanga, pa, tea. Whakaaetia ki te tirotiro te katoa, kahore tetahi e kōrero. Ko te mārama manuhiri te faufaa hītori o te taputapu hōia.

Tīmata o te hanga

I muri i te tīmatanga o te kaupapa here pukuriri o Germany arahina e Adolf Hitler, kua whakaritea e te kāwanatanga e te mea e tika ana ki te timata i te rautaki korero ki te tiaki i ona rohe, he mahara ki te taea tūturu o te whawhai i runga i te Soviet Union.

Hei tiaki i timata nga rohe tonga o te rohe o te Gulf o Odessa i 1934 ki te 1936, nui-tauine hanga o whakaurunga korero mo 411 Odessa pūhiko. ngā Ko tōna whakaaro i roto i whakaata patua te hoariri i te moana ki te manuao rite i ratou ki te tautoko i ngā hōia whenua i roto i fascists te whakaekenga whenua.

Construction o whare

hanganga raima katoa whakapakaritia hanga o herehere, o nga tangata 2,000, i raro i te te tirotiro tino o te NKVD me te whai wāhitanga o te engineering me whakahaere hanga o nga ope manuao. Runga ake ia whakaranu raima tu rangatira ropu o Taiwhenua ka kite ki reira e ki te matau tāpiri i te wähanga e tika ana i roto i te otinga. Tirohia tino rite pā i ki kia tino kaha. Whakamahia kōeke raima 600 me pōhatu ki one Odessa. General D. Karbyshev tono hangarau matatau mō taua wa i roto i te hanga o ngā utanga hōia.

Ia moka e te apa rua o 3 cm whakapakaritia Armoured maitai hanga raima, me te whai i te matotoru o runga ki te 1 m 75 cm. Keria rua nui mō te mana me te pū tāuta. I te hohonu o 18 m i keria irava raro honotanga nga tūranga pū i te pou whakahau, kei i te tawhiti o te 750 mita i runga i te taha o te kokoru. Whakakaha ona runga pereti patu. Kua te hanga kua pau 11.6 taranata o te koura.

whare herehere pūhiko

noho ratou i te pourewa conning o te rangatira matua o te 411 Pūhiko Odessa me pokapū tirotiro mo nga mahi o te hoariri. nui haere BK-optical ahanoa pūrere 10 20 ngā wā. Hoki i tukuna tika ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki ngā taumata shooting ki te pou o te arata'iraa nui pū 180-mm. Na roto i te irava raro nga rarangi o taura me ētahi atu taputapu hiko. Mai i tītaha te whare herehere, a ka keria te wai e taea manu ana pu, me te awakeri motuhake te awa nui i nei mäminga i te wai e kaha papu ki te mata.

i roto i te whare herehere ano hoki he ratonga atu: ruma kōhua, he wehenga mo te taputapu diesel-powered, engines tiaki pū, hiko. I raro i te whenua i keria rite warehouses mō te wahie, me lubricants, e rave rahi tāke rokiroki, ki runga ki te 1,000 mita pūtoru. m o te wai i ia. I roto i te take o te inaki uru hoariri ki rāhui wai o 411 tangata o Odessa taea pūhiko whakarato ratou ki te wai mo te wā roa. Te puritanga whakakiia i puna wai tena i ki te hohonu o te 30 m.

whakarato te pūnaha ventilation mātanga he wāhi raro nui ki te hau hou. He pūnaha o putorino, me nga kohua i te mahana i te ruma. He raro katoa nui hanganga tautoko te ora. Runga ake te mata i anake kahiwi pu rahi nui e taea o te pupuhi i te tawhiti o te 40 km.

Ordnance

Hoki e toru pū puhipuhi takutai kotahi 160 taranata, ki te pūrere tahuri 3 i keria iari raro. whakatinana te reira i te raro nekehanga anga projectiles kotahi 97,5 kg. tōia te tōneke 2 pū pū motuhake reira ki te whakatuwhera. E tiakina whatianga i whakaekenga matū. Karekau nei e tuturu iho i muri ia pere, whakataka atu ki te motuhake tank raro, kapi katoa ki te pepa parahi.

O te marae i whawhati tata e manawapa putaatu hōia raro. I roto i te pere e hipokina te pao katoa i waenganui i nga ruma. I roto i te take o te ahi i reira ko tetahi pūnaha matatini o te whakanoatanga ahi aunoa o whare katoa. Ratonga ngā 411 Odessa pākahiko o 365 kaimahi.

Huri noa enei taputapu taketake e toru e i te tawhiti o te toru 45-mm anti-rererangi pū ki te ope iti te taviniraa ia ratou. Ano, e tu ana te kaitiaki pākahiko e toru pū anti-rererangi whā, "Maxim", i ngā tūranga rangi korero. Kua i roto i te hanganga o te Carriers matatini paruru taukei te tikanga mātanga, me te whakahaere whakangungu i raro i te mātakitaki o ngaio ite.

whakaurunga rėpene

I roto i te pupuhi i te marae pū hipoki i ki kupenga hunaraa me manga rakau. I muri hipoki he hanganga misioni i ki tatau mau rimarima i nui, i ko te whare whenua iti, he torutoru rakau me waina. Ki te whakapohehe i te hoariri e tata ana te wāhi nei o te pūhiko, e pā ana ki 700 mita, i tū te pākahiko teka.

Kahupapa ki te hanga taumaihi o nga kahiwi rama mua hanga o te oko pū. outbuildings hanga. I taua wa, ka ki tenei pūhiko mahi misioni whawhai, i runga i ngā tūranga teka hoia tahuna whakapaipai poma paowa e e tino whakataruna paowa i te puhipuhi o te pu.

rererangi Tiamana atu kotahi faaite pūhiko teka, me te pupuhi i te rangi tauhaa rakau. I muri i te whawhai, nga hoia tino hanga ia wa nga tauhaa huna, e kore noa ki te whakaora i to ratou oraraa.

Ko te korero itoito o Odessa

I te 1941, Ākuhata 5 i 9 am mo te pakunga wā tuatahi papatanga ki te pū 180-mm. titi ope Romanian i roto i te pa Akkerman, a hoatu rangatira pākahiko Ivan Nikolaevich Nikitenko te tikanga tuatahi mō te whakangaromanga o ope nui hoariri. I muri i te anga taikaha, rere ki runga ki te teitei o 18 km, tae tukunga a te hoariri, i wehi nga Romanians. whakaaro ratou e koperea ratou ki te rererangi. Whakatuwheratia i roto i te rangi pū kau hoki ahi. Haere tonu ki te ahi, kua meinga matou hōia kino tūnguru ki te ope hoariri.

riro Kāpene I. N. Nikitenko he karere whakawhetai-koutou i te rangatira o te 25 Chapayev Division, Meiha-Tianara Ivan Petrov, e tu kaitiaki i runga i te rohe tonga o Defence. Ua ite hoariri te mana tonu o nga tūranga ārai o te ope Soviet. patua atu atu i te 200 toni o mate whakarewa kawe i runga i ngā tūranga hoariri.

whakahaere Shooting i kahore hoki e mutu, ra me te po. kahore e ara nga mea mahi maitai nui puritia whawhai aano atu. rifling tawhito i roto i te oko. whakahaere rangatira Military ki te huri i te pō i roto i te kahiwi o pū maha-ton LINERS tango ki miro. I roto i hanga, kihai i atu taputapu mutu pupuhi i ngā tūranga hoariri. Noatia, e kore i ara werohia kahore toa pa raro mō te korero wa katoa.

He tikanga mo te tuku o te pa

3 ra i mua i te tukunga o te pa ki te pākahiko hoariri i kawea ki explosives. lau hoia i te tikanga o te 1 Oketopa mo te tuku o te pa, me te taui o te ope. Ko ratou huru tino kino ki a ia, a kihai i hiahia ki te tango i te pa, engari whakahau he whakahau, a i kahore whiriwhiri, engari ki te ū. Ki te te ngakau taimaha rite artillerymen ki fakavaivai'i te tūranga o te pūhiko. Kua haere te nuinga whawhai i runga i seiner ika "Typhoon", "Krasin" me "Te Odessa-1", te tūranga o 40 anake te iwi i mahue.

Oketopa 16, 1941 po, te pūhiko hautoa hipokina te withdrawal o Odessa Maritime Army ki te āwhina i roto i te korero o Sevastopol, he hoariri i hanga mo 230 matā. Na, whakatangihia runga nga whakahau o nga mana hōia, i 4am tūnga pūhiko toa i runga, a ka tonoa kaimahi i roto i te tauranga arumoni i kaipuke ki te korero o Sevastopol.

He takoha ki te marohirohi

e kore e taea e Odessans mauruuru engari utu takoha ki te toa, me te waiho i te toenga pākahiko kahore aro tika. Na reira, ko te whakatau o te Kaunihera ā-Rohe i te 28 o Hūrae 1971 i whakaritea e te reira ki te hanga i te whakamahara ki te 411 Odessa pākahiko. Kei te takoto te reira i runga i te wahi o tona wāhi. I roto i te marae o mua tupitahia pū nui whakapaipai waikeri, rakau tupuria. kotahi anake pū kia rite ki te whakaatu o te whakamahara, kawea mai i taua wāhi i roto i te whanga o te Soviet Far Te Tai Rāwhiti.

Kawea ana e ia ki runga ki tüäpapa rerewē rahi wha ki 250-ton warou. Rawa whakahokia tuarua te pū ki tona iari. Ko te tuatahi, me te tuatoru i tūturu explosives razvorocheny. Whakamahia ki te hanga i tētahi whakamahara ki te pākahiko 411 Odessa whakaahua o aua wa, me ngā tuhinga o mua.

Ko te whakatuwheratanga o te whakamahara

Ko te whakatuwheratanga rahi o te matatini whakamahara i runga i te whakanui i o te tau 30 o te Victory nui, Mei 9, 1975. I te whakanui, ko te rohi pehe rongonui, ex-maia, utu i te haerenga ki te wāhi o te pūhiko i roto i te whawhai, Konstantin Simonov. lau ia te mau irava i runga i ngā kaupapa hōia. Kaikōrero ngā māngai i te kāwanatanga me te tohunga hōia.

Kohia he momo o te taputapu hōia o te wa: te raro poti "Baby", te rererangi, pū anti-rererangi, tereina Armoured, missiles, torpedoes, pōma raro, Kaitahimaina, a tae noa Ruxmaniben, e i roto i te pakanga cruised i "Zastava 2 - mua" ka tangohia ana i roto i te werohia .

Odessa Museum 411 Pūhiko

Ko te hītori kaiwawao whare taonga mahara 411 pūhiko Odessa ki te wāhitau: huarahi Dacha Kovalevsky, 150. Rere i nga ra anake Paraire, i 10.00 ki 17.00. Ngā haerenga, e rua rōpū me te takitahi, e taea te whakarite e te karanga i te whakahaere taonga.

Ko te whakaatu te whare taonga no ki hoia 411 pākahiko Odessa, whakaahua o aua wa, whakaahua rangatira me Carriers noa, o ratou taonga whaiaro, ngā tuhinga, me te tahi atu taonga hītori. Whakahaeretia he haerenga hōpara ngā, i roto i nei e ako manuhiri maha meka i te ora o te pūhiko 411 Odessa, hītori o tona hanganga, me te putanga tūturu o te hoia faaora, e kore e mohiotia whānuitia i roto i te iwi noa.

Me pēhea te ki te tiki ki te whakamahara?

Ka taea te tae te matatini i te tau Wilkes i 19 i te teihana 16 o Big Fountain. Ko te mutu whakamutunga - 411 pākahiko Odessa. Me pēhea te ki te tiki i reira na roto i te pahi ki te whakamahara? ngāwari rawa. haere ratou i te iti. Mai i te pokapū o te tāone ki te Cathedral Square te mawehe tau 175 me te tau 185. Mai i Peresypskogo piriti haere tau pahi tika 191. Mai i te urupā Krivobalkovskogo ka tango tau 197. taea hoki e koe te haere i runga i waewae i te mutu whakamutunga o trolleybuses tau 12, tau 7, tau 11 i runga i te huarahi Architectural.

Tetahi Odessa ki te ahuareka o nga ngā tūruhi me te hunga katoa e hiahia ana ki te whakaatu i te ara poto ki te wae matua o te pa-hero o Odessa.