Militants "āhua Islamic." whakahaere kaiwhakatuma Islamist

Ki te rā, te whakahaere kaiwhakatuma tino mōrearea i roto i te ao kei te whakarōpū "āhua Islamic" (IG). Ki ia ra e haere ana kei te tipu haere te maha o ona kaitautoko, me te rahi o nga whenua e whakahaeretia ana e te reira, e faarahi. Kia titiro a ki te take mo tenei āhuatanga, me te kitea i roto i te ati pea fai e te ao he militants "āhua Islamic."

Ko te takenga mai o te whakahaere

I muri i te hurihanga i roto i te 2003 i roto i Iraq, tikanga Saddam Hussein o, hei tenei whenua kua tetahi o pokapū nui o te ao o te extremism Islamic. I timata tona rohe ki te mahi i roto i te maha Muslim whakahaere kaiwhakatuma, te nuinga Sunni, whakapuakina te whāinga o te whawhai ki te US, Iharaira me te Shia. Ko tētahi o nga rōpū kaha i "Ansar al-Ihirama" i raro i te kaiārahi o al-Zarqawi, muri whakaae ratou hei wāhanga o "Al-Qaeda".

History o te IG tatau tangohia i roto i te 2006, i runga i te pūtake o te whakakotahitanga o te Iraqi "Al-Qaeda" pūtau me etahi atu rōpū extremist Muslim ka kauwhautia te hanganga o te mātauranga "Islamic State o Iraq." mohio te pokapū o tenei rōpū te pa o Mosul, me te rangatira tuatahi - Abu Abdullah al-Baghdadi. Mai i töna tïmatanga, kua whai wāhi te whakahaere i roto i nga whawhai, me ngā mahi kaiwhakatuma i roto i Iraq. Mai i te waenganui o Haratua 2010 i muri i te matenga o te mua meinga te matenga o te rōpū, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, ki te taitara o te Emir.

Pāriha i roto i Hiria

Na, i muri i te tīmatanga i roto i te 2011 i roto i Hiria pakanga kaiākiri i waenganui peresideni Assad me tona tikanga ki whawhai, i roto nei i militants Islamic, te whenua, kua hoki riro te hotbed o tapepe i te rohe. Here timata matou ki te kohikohi i ngā ope extremist.

Kaua e noho watea, me te rōpū, arahina e Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. I roto i te hononga ki te taenga i roto i Hiria ka mau ia ki te ingoa hou, i te timatanga o Aperira 2013, "Islamic State o Iraq me te Levant." Kua whakaiti tenei i nga kau taki o "al-Qaeda" i roto i ngā, i te mono ki Osama bin e waha, Ayman al-Zawahiri. I muri i te katoa, i tenei rōpū i whakaaro noa taua wa reira i raro i te mana, "al-Qaeda" whakahaere, engari i roto i Hiria te whakahaeretia kua reira tetahi pūtau - ". Al-Nusra Front"

Na, ka mau a LIH mana o te wahi nui o Hiria. Na roto i te waenganui o 2014 i raro i tona mana, ko te wāhi nui o te rohe Hiriani atu e o tetahi atu rōpū ki te pakanga, tae atu ki te kāwanatanga Assad.

Te whati whakamutunga ki te "Al-Qaeda"

I muri kihai al-Baghdadi ki tokanga te karanga o al-Zavahri hoki ratou whawhai ki Iraq, i roto i Hui-tanguru 2014, i whakaatu te whakahaere o "al-Qaeda" he whati oti ki te LIH, a e kore ko tenei hanganga tona wehenga. Ano, ka whawhati whawhai i waenganui o LIH me te wae mōhiohio o "Al-Qaeda" - ". Al-Nusra Front" te whakahaere I roto i te pakanga i waenganui i a ratou i patua e pā ana ki 1,800 militants i ngā taha e rua.

Heoi, ki te timatanga o te whakamahi o te rangi patu te whakakotahitanga Western o tūranga pakanga i waenganui i LIH me "Al-Nusra Front" i mutu te whakaaetanga i runga i te mahi tahi.

Ko te karanga o te caliphate

I muri i te ngā mahi hōia angitu i roto i te hawhe tuatahi o 2014, ka mau te militants 'Iraq me te Levant te State Islamic "ngā wāhi nui o Hiria ko Iraq, me te he maha o nga pa nui, tae atu Mosul ko Tikrit, haere mai tata ki Baghdad. I runga i te poipoi o te angitu o to ratou rangatira, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi i te waenganui o 2014, kauwhautia ana e ia ia Caliph.

Ko he hui nui, pera i te taitara o Caliph auraa titau ki aoniu mo te ao Muslim katoa. Ko te whakamutunga, i whanau te taitara, ko te māngai o te whare Osman Abdul Majid II o, tangohia o reira i roto i te tau 1924. Ko te kupu, kī al-Baghdadi te tauatanga o sultans Ottoman me, i runga i, te rohe kotahi te mana e te reira. Heoi, tautoko ia te whakaaro o te haamauraa i te caliphate ao.

I roto i tenei whakaaro, ka whakaritea e te reira ki te tango i te tutau-rohe i roto i te ingoa whakahaere, a inaianei ka mohiotia reira rite "Islamic State."

Coalition airstrikes militants IG

Te kitenga i te ati ki te ao ko te rōpū militants "Islamic State", he maha o whenua Western, tae atu i te US, Ahitereiria, Great Britain ko France, kua whakaritea i runga i te mahi tahi ki tuma kaiwhakatuma. Mai Pipiri 2014, i hanga enei mana aro rangi i runga i te tūranga o extremists i Hiria ko Iraq. I roto i te poma, i werohia ia e te Caliph al-Baghdadi, e mate i roto i March 2015. E ai ki tetahi atu putanga, ko ia e kore e mate, engari pararutiki noa. I muri ia e Abu Ala al-Afri, i patua ano hoki e Mei 13, 2015.

Ko te hinganga o nga Kurds

Whakarōpū "āhua Islamic" kua tukua whakaaro te kino e ki te hinga i roto i to ratou aamu i roto i te whawhai ki nga Kurds runga te pa Cobani i puta mai te timatanga o te ngahuru o 2014 ki Hānuere 2015. Ahakoa te meka i whakahaere nga militants ki te hopu poto te pa, i na te patototanga ratou i roto o ia ia. Mai i Hui-tanguru 2015 ki te ra nei i reira he whawhai mo nga kainga a tawhio noa.

Ko, ahakoa te maha o hupehupe me te mate o ratou te feia faatere, te militants o te "āhua Islamic" tonu ki te whakahaere i te rohe nui, me i te kau he he riri mo te rohe e kore anake, engari mo te ao katoa.

Ko te horapa o "State Islamic" i roto i te tahi atu rohe

Ahakoa te "Islamic State" kore i mohio e tetahi whenua i roto i te ao, i muri i te karanga o te Caliphate me angitu hōia nui o te whakahaere ki a ia mo uru maitai ngā rōpū kaiwhakatuma Islamic huri noa te ao, e whakaatu ana ia ia nga kawanatanga "Caliphate."

Tuatahi o te katoa, i taea ki te riro i te tunga i roto i Ripia nga militants IG. Hoki i April 2014, horo ratou i te pa Dern ko Nofal, a inaianei Nā Sirte. Ko te kupu, a i roto i Awherika Te Tai Tokerau kua whakakaha "āhua Islamic." Ripia i muri i te hurihanga Gaddafi haea e tivira whawhai i waenganui i te General National Congress me Pāremata. IG mana noa i reira ko te rohe āhua iti, e tatari ana ki te kite i te aha e te whawhai i waenganui i nga ope pato'iraa matua.

piri tetahi o te tuatahi te IG "Islamic Movement o Uzbekistan", ahu e tona rangatira Usmon Gazi. Te whakahaere wā mahi te nuinga i roto i Afghanistan me Pakistan. Hoki i roto i 2014 kua ana nga rangatira Uzbek Interior Tāhuhu te iwi whānui e pā ana ki reira.

I te wa ano ki he ngaahi kouna te "āhua Islamic," ka mea te rōpū Islamist Ihipiana "Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis."

I muri i te revolution Shiite i Yemen me te timatanga o te whawhai ā reira feohi "Al-Qaeda i roto i te Arapi Peninsula" (AQAP) i roto i te mutunga o te hotoke o 2015 kī e hononga pakaru ki tona whakahaere matua, me te oati "Caliph" al-Baghdadi. I te kau, AQAP i Yemen mana rohe nui.

I roto i te tīmatanga o te puna o 2015 whakahaere extremist "Boko Haram", i tangohia e te mana o te whenua i roto i te raki o Nigeria me ko te tino whawhai ki te whakakotahi o āhua, whakaaturia ana e ia iho "te Te Hau-ā-uru African Porowini o te kāwanatanga Islamic."

I tua atu, i te whawhai o te "āhua Islamic" tohu ratou aroaro i roto i Afghanistan me Pakistan. He i te taha o te IG ka mau i runga i etahi rōpū Taliban. I te tahi atu militants o te Taliban "āhua Islamic" tīmata te riri.

Ko te kupu, ko te pātai o te wahi i te āhua Islamic ko, whakautu kotahi kupu e kore e rite ki rerekē horahia ona manga puta noa i te ao.

Māoritanga

Kua oho atu i te Māoritanga kuiti o Sufism ko Wahhabism, e whai wāhi ārahi i roto i te "Al-Qaeda" "āhua Islamic". Tenei reira i taea e kukume te tipu haere te maha o kaitautoko, i te mea maori, no te mea hoki te nuinga o te taupori o Hiria , he tangata ke me te Iraq, Sufism ko Wahhabism. kau taki IG whakairo takaro i runga i tenei, ka kauwhau i ia caliph o nga Sunnis.

Ko te wahi nui o nga extremists o te "kāwanatanga Islamic" e kore te mea e noho rohe, me ngā māngai o te tahi atu whenua Arab. Ano he rota o tūao i Europe ko Russia, i roto i ngā nga militants nei whawhai hoki Ichkeria.

mahi kaiwhakatuma "Islamic State" i roto i te pā ana ki te hoariri, me te taupori rohe ko tino nanakia. E mea pinepine mahi fakamamahi'i me executions whakaaturanga.

Ko te whāinga o te "āhua Islamic"

Feia faatere o te kāwanatanga Islamic declaratively kī e ratou whāinga matua ko te ki te whakatū i te caliphate ao ao. Otiia i te wa ano, i te militants mea me te ake ngā wero wā-tata. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko te rironga o te rohe puritia i mua e te Ottoman Empire, te Arapi Peninsula, Central Asia me te Caucasus. Kua kī extremists e mahi ratou ki te whakawhanake i patu karihi.

Me whakakotahi whenua huri noa te ao i roto i te whawhai ki te terrorism, te IG, rite ki te "State Islamic", haere mai te wahi whawhai, me te mate.