Moni Kāwanatanga me nga take o te tapepe pūtea: he arotake o akoranga hōhonu

Ko te take o te tapepe pūtea, te nuinga o economists hono ki te pūnaha tono. Hei tauira, hurahia Kaminsky ko Richard tītohunga o "mōrearea māhanga", e ngā te raruraru pēke me te raruraru o te toenga o utu. mōhio te kaituhi hoki e nga wā e tātari ratou, nga raruraru rängai pēke te tikanga mua mōrearea moni, me te muri ka faahohonu mōrearea pēke, hanga he huringa nanakia, hua i roto i hua kāwanatanga tino heke me fakamolé.

He maha rangahau ariā, e tātari te pānga motuhake o mate, te wahi i te maha o ngā take whai wāhi ki te horapa o te raruraru i tetahi whenua ki tetahi, ngā te tawhā te ōwehenga i waenganui i moni me hokohoko kararehe, pēke ripeka-whenua me whanaunga hokohoko ke, me o ratou pānga i runga i nga hua kāwanatanga.

Ko te kupu, i roto i te horopaki o te ao, te whakatuwheratanga o ngā mākete pūtea, te roha o te hokohoko ke ake i tūponotanga tini o te tapepe pūtea, me te raruraru i tetahi whenua ki tetahi. ngā tenei katoa inaianei nga āhuatanga mōrearea mediating hua kāwanatanga o te Russian Federation me tona pūmautanga pūtea. kaupapa here moni i roto i te taiao taua ko te mea whakahaere o tenei resistance.

kia whakahaere Macroeconomic i roto i te wā o te tapepe pūtea, me te hekenga taha ohaoha kia arotahi ki runga i te whakaū i ngā mahi ohaoha, ka kia e hāngai ana i runga i te moni, me te ruruku kaupapa here moni. Ko te mea matua o te ture pūtea o huringa ōhanga, e whakatau hua kāwanatanga e, rite mohiotia te, mana aunoa me te matawhāiti. Kei te whānui te whai huatanga me te hāngaitanga o te stabilizers aunoa i nga wa o te raruraru kōrero i roto i te tuhinga ōhanga. hāngai stabilizers aunoa kei i runga i te whakaiti tukutahi o tāke ki te hekenga i roto i te hanga, me te hua i roto i ngā utu, i roto i ngā whakawhitinga pāpori, katoa o nei hanga reira taea ki te arotau hoki kāwanatanga. Ko te painga o stabilizers aunoa ko e mahi symmetrically ratou i runga i te huringa pakihi: i roto i atu - i ratou he pānga tonu, he ratou iti haria ki te mana tōrangapū.

Ko reira ano hoki te wāhi rongonui o tirohanga, kia rite ki nei i roto i te wā o te ōhanga me te pōrearea ōhanga, e kore he nui te mahi o stabilizers aunoa; i reira ko te hiahia hoki matawhāiti mehua kaupapa here moni. Te iteraa i te hiahia me te hiahia o te whakahohe i te kaupapa here moni matawhāiti ki te whakamārama o te wa i roto i te puranga ōhanga ao, economists e whakarongo ki nga taputapu tino tika ki te mau tonu hua kāwanatanga i te taumata e tika ana, te aromatawai i te whai huatanga o ēnei taputapu mō ngā momo rerekē o öhanga. kitea te ako whakahaere e te IMF e te taputapu whai hua te nuinga o te kaupapa here moni i roto i nga whenua whakawhanakehia, kei hea he pai i roto i te wā poto, me te reo te pānga o mehua matawhāiti, i roto i mākete puta, he pai pānga wā-poto, me te wā-waenga - te kino. whakaatu nga tātaitanga whakahaere e te mōkihi faaitoitoraa matawhāiti i tetahi ōrau arata'i ki te hua i roto i te GDP e te toharite o e pā ana ki 0.1 - 0.2 ōrau.

whakatikatikanga pūtea i roto i recessions i runga i te whakamahi o rua taputapu matua te pānga i runga i mahi ohaoha - he ki te whakapiki ake i moni kāwanatanga i tukupu takoha. Ko te tautohetia tino ko te pātai o te whai huatanga o nui haere moni ki te whakaongaonga mahi ohaoha. tautohe Neo-Keynesians e te hua i roto i te moni kāwanatanga he pānga pai i runga i te katoa o te kohi me te tupu o te utu tūturu. Heoi, tohu maha economists ki te ati o te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pērā i te hua i roto i te moni kāwanatanga mai kia waiho ratou maumau, ka mahi ki nga ngākau nuitanga o ngā rōpū, nui atu i te ōhanga rite te katoa. Kei te whakamatauria te reira e tae noa kia kino te mahi o multipliers moni, ki te mea te tupu i roto i te moni kāwanatanga, te mutunga, arata'i ki te hekenga i roto i te haumi tūmataiti me te kohi tūmataiti. I tua atu, kua tuhia maha kairangahau e te hua i roto i te moni kāwanatanga tavini rite te haamăta'ui mo tupu ōhanga wā roa-. Kua whakaaturia hoki rangahau tata e he iti e tika ana hoki te rautaki pūtea ōhanga tuwhera, i reira ai kia Paraire nga mahi o mea moni e ngā mana whakapaipai me te pāpātanga whakawhiti tikanga.

Ko te ati o te whakanui ake fakamolé pūtea e pā ana ki te hua i roto i tenge inflationary. No te whenua ki te toenga kino o utu, me te ngäwari auau whakawhiti, te hua i roto i te moni kāwanatanga taea whai i te pānga tino kino.