Niho tangata

niho Human - mātauranga totoka, e kua kei roto i te alveoli o te kauae. Ko ratou nga wahi wāhi o te mīhini, ko tona mahi e ngaungau i te reira. niho tangata i te kaha nui mō te pārōnaki. He nui iti ratou whakaritea ki te puninga o makimaki.

E rōpū e whā o niho: molars, premolars, incisors, canines. I roto i te niho, ano he hanganga wehea e te taha, me te mua. Ko te tangata ki te whitu nga tau whakahaere i nga niho poto, e te hunga ka puta ke ki tūturu. E ngohengohe ana hoki ki ngā rerekētanga, e kua meinga e nga peculiarities o kai tōtika me te taiao enei whika. Hoki 32 nga tau i reira nga niho whakamutunga o tenei momo. Ko te kupu, ki te mohio pehea te maha niho he tangata anake e taea e i roto i tenei tau. He rite ki te 32. Kei te maha iti te niho whakamutunga tenei moni, i ētahi wā e kore ratou e puia. He he he tātai motuhake ki te whakatau i te nui o ngā raraunga wheua hanganga. Kei te karanga a te reira i te niho. I roto i te pakeke, he mea e whai ake: e toru molars, e rua premolars, kotahi rei, e rua incisors i runga i ia hawhe o kauae e rua.

Anatomy o niho tangata

E toru ngā wāhanga o tenei hanganga: te karauna, te pakiaka kaki. Roto ia niho ko te kōhao, e wehea nei ki te awa pakiaka, me te kōhao o te karauna. Na roto i rua tihi kei raru, oko e whakarite te mahi noa o te okana. E kitea ratou i roto i te penupenu, fakafofonga'i nei e kiko tūhonohono wewete. huaina Wall e tika no ki te mata ngangau o te niho te kikorangi.

I roto i te niho tikanga ki te wehewehe e wha ngā mata raraunga: vestibular, reo, masticatory (y premolars me molars - clamping rererangi) whakapā. Ko te ture whakapumautia e whakamātautau hāngai. Kua wehea te karauna me te pakiaka kia toru nga wahanga: te occlusal, waenganui, tuatoru waha.

niho tangata i te hanganga matatini. E hanga e ratou niniho, māngai nei te kakahu kostepodobnoy arā, o odontoblasts. Ko te hanganga o te muri ngā tai kohuke (konupūmā pūkōwhai, Phosphate konupora, konupūmā Phosphate) me muka organic (collagen).

hipokina niho karauna taonga tino totoka - te korahirahi, hangaia nei o poro e whai he matotoru o 3-5 microns. Kei a ia ko tai kohuke rite ki te hunga i roto i te dentin.

Te kaki, me te pakiaka hipoki ki te sima - he taonga e rite wheua. Kei a ia ko 30% o ngā matū waro (collagen), noho i te toe taimaha o tai kohuke (konupūmā pākawa waro, konupūmā Phosphate).

ngā waha mātauranga katoa i raro i te wā: dentition. He he nahanaha matatini me ngā te periodontium, uaua, hononga, repe salivary, niho. Tenei pūnaha whakarato nga mahi o te ngangau me te te whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga o te kupu.

ka karanga te raveraa ra niho osculating hanganga runga kauwae. whēkau wheua kei i runga i te taha ki maui, me te tika e kīia ki rite antimeres.

huaina te hononga mokowā o nga kauae me dentition mō nekehanga katoa te wahapū. Ngā puka o te wā ko te occlusion, whakaritea nei e kati enei ngā i roto i ngaungau. Ko te take te whakatau i roto i te hanganga o te occlusion.

E pā ana tēnei wāhanga ki te ōwehenga o te runga, dentition raro i roto i te katinga o te kauae. Ko nga momo e whai ake nei o te malocclusion: kikorangi pūtake kei i runga i te taumata kotahi, kei tetahi o ratou i roto i mua o te tahi atu. whakaaro whaiaroaro he āhuatanga i roto i nei te rarangi o runga o te niho te ahua neke whakamua ki te whakapai kanohi ki te raro. Heoi, i raro i ngā tikanga pathological i roto i te kōhao-waha, whētuki, kia rerekē occlusion. niho Tangata i roto i tenei take, ka taea e taui i to ratou āhua me te hanganga.