PDCA-huringa - he kaupapa o te whakapai tonu o mahi

PDCA-huringa (huringa Deming) - tetahi o nga ariā taketake i roto i te ariā whakahaere hou. Reira ngā ano te pūtake o te raupapa ISO 9000, e kua whakamahia puta noa i te ao mō te whakahaere kounga i roto i hinonga o te rahi me ngā momo katoa.

whakamāramatanga

Deming PDCA-huringa - he hangarau o tonu whakapai ake tukanga, e rua i roto i te mahi me te i roto i te mara ke o mahi. Ko te ingoa o te tikanga ko te whakarāpopototanga o 4 kupu Ingarihi mo te raupapa arorau o kaupae whakapai ake:

• P - Mahere (Mahere);
• D - Do (mahi);
• C - Tirohia (manatoko, tātari);
• A - Ture (mahi).

He arorau, me te ohie mea katoa: te tuatahi e hiahia ana koe ki te whakaaro e pā ana ki te mahi. Na reira ko to ratou whakatinanatanga i runga ki te mahere. Ko te taahiraa tuatoru - te tātaritanga o te hua. Na rawa, te wā whakamutunga - Ture - Ko tā te whakataki o huringa motuhake ki te whakapai ake i te tukanga fokotu'u ha ngaahi taumu'a hou, me te / ranei. I muri i tenei wāhanga anō-whakamahere haamata, kia tangohia e ki pūkete katoa kua e kua meatia i mua.

Schematically whakaaturia ana PDCA koropiko mana i roto i te puka o te wira e whakaatu ana i te haere tonutanga o te tukanga.

Na titiro i ia taahiraa i roto i te taipitopito.

Mahere (Mahere)

Ko te wāhanga tuatahi - whakamahere. He mea tika ki āta tuhi te raruraru, a ka whakatau i te ahunga matua mō te mahi, me te haere mai ki te otinga tino pai ake.

He hape angamaheni - ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere e hāngai ana i runga i tuakiri tāpae kōrero me te whakahaere whakapae. Te kore mohio ki nga take pakiaka o te raruraru, tatou e nehenehe e, i pai, ki te haamou i ona pānga, me ka poto. He aha ngā taputapu e taea te whakamahi mō tenei?

Ko te tikanga o "5 He aha"

I whakawhanakehia te reira i whakahokia i roto i te 40s, engari ka rongonui 30 tau i muri mai, ka timata ia ki te whakamahi i kaha te kamupene Toyota. Me pēhea te ki te kawe i roto i te tātari taua?

Tuatahi e hiahia ana koe ki te tautuhi me te tātaki raruraru. Na ka ui: "He aha te take e memeha?" ka tuhituhi iho nga take katoa. Na e hiahia ana koe ki te mahi i te taua mo ia whakahoki. Na ka haere tatou haere te taua rārangi rite te pātai "He aha?" e kore e 5 nga wa e whakaturia. Ka rite ki te tikanga, te rima te whakautu ko te take tino.

hoahoa Ishikawa

taea tēnei aratuka ki a koe ā-tohu hononga causal o tītohunga i roto i tetahi mahi. Ingoa i muri i tona kaihanga, te kēmihi Kaoru Ishikawa, me te whānui e whakamahia ana i roto i te whakahaere.

I roto i te hanga i te hoahoa wehewehe 5 puna pea o raruraru: iwi, rauemi, taiao (te taiao), taputapu me ngā tikanga. Ia o ratou, i roto i te tahuri, ka taea e roto i take ake taipitopito. Hei tauira, Tei mahi kaimahi i runga i te taumata o te tohu mātauranga, hauora, raruraru whaiaro, me te pera i runga i. D.

Raupapa hanga Ishikawa hoahoa:

1. Te utu i te pere whakapae ki te matau, ka tata ona matamata tuhituhi raruraru mārama whakatakoto.
2. I te koki ki te pikitia aronga matua te 5 āhuatanga matua o te mana, i kōrerotia i runga ake tatou.
3. Ki te pere iti whakaatu nga take taipitopito. Te kōwhiri tāpiri Pekanga maitai. Meatia tenei hoki rite rite te roa e kore e tukua nga take taea katoa.

I muri i taua, e tukua e whiwhi kōwhiringa katoa i roto i te tīwae, i te kiko ki te iti.

"Haaferuriraa"

Wānanga ki ngā tohunga me te kaimahi matua, i roto i nei te mahi o ia rōpū - ki te whakaingoa rite maha take pūmanawa me ngā rongoā ki te raruraru, tae atu ki te fantastic tino.

I muri i te tātari ariā ko reira e tika ana ki te kitea taunakitanga tūturu whakau e te take o te raruraru tautuhia tika. Ture i runga i te pūtake o te mea ato'ae ( "te nuinga pea ...") e taea.

Ko te whakamahere, i reira e ano pau nui. He mea nui ki te whakaturia rā kati, ki te peita i te raupapa mārama o ngā mahi me ngā hua ine (tae atu takawaenga), ki nei me arahi ratou.

Mahi (Do)

Ko te wāhanga tuarua o te PDCA-huringa - te whakatinanatanga o te mahere, te whakatinanatanga o ngā rerekētanga. Nuinga o ngā wā pai ki te tuatahi whakatinana i te whakataunga i hanga i runga i te tauine iti, ki te pupuri i te "whakamātautau mara", me te kite pehea mahi i te reira i roto i te wāhi iti ranei ahanoa. Ki te mea i reira e kati ngaro, roa, he mea nui ki te mahino te take mo (whakamahere ainei kore o te ako i runga i te wahi o kaimahi ranei). I tua atu, i ngā te pūnaha o te mana takawaenga, e taea kore ki a koutou tatari tika mo nga hua, a ka pupuri i te ara o te mea kua meatia.

Tirohia (Tirohia)

I roto i te mau parau ohie, he reira inaianei tika ki hoatu te whakahoki ki te kotahi pātai kotahi: "He aha ta tatou i haapii?". PDCA-huringa tā aromatawai tonu o te hua tutuki. He mea tika ki te aromatawai i te ahunga e pā ana ki ngā whāinga, te whakatau he aha te mahi pai, me te aha Me ki kia whakapai ake. Te nuinga kawea reira i roto i te taha o ngā pūrongo tirohanga, me te tahi atu tuhinga o te hinonga.

Hoki te whakatinanatanga angitu o te huringa Shewhart-Deming (PDCA) i roto i te mahi kia whakapumautia ki te whakarato i ngā pūrongo ahunga whakamua auau, me te matapaki i nga hua ki ngā kaimahi. Ko te taputapu pai hoki tenei ko te whakataki o te tōtika tohu mahi KPI matua, hanga nei i runga i te pūtake o poapoa me whakatairanga o nga kaimahi tino hua.

Tangohia Hohenga

Ko te taahiraa whakamutunga - ko reira, i roto i te meka, te mahi. He taea e maha ngā kōwhiringa:

• whakatinana huringa;
• whakarere i te otinga, ki te te whakamatauria reira ki te kia hua;
• faahiti ano nga kaupae katoa o te PDCA-huringa, engari ki te kia etahi whakatikatika i roto i te tukanga.

Ki te mahi pai te tahi mea, me taea te tukurua, kia kia paerewa te otinga. Ki te mahi i tenei, kia huringa tika ki te tuhinga kamupene: .. ture Work, tohutohu, mahi arowhai tirohanga, ngā hōtaka whakangungu kaimahi, me ētahi atu I te wa ano e arotake te taea o te whakauru whakapainga i roto i te tahi atu tukanga, pakihi e kia ara ake raruraru ōrite.

Ki te, Heoi, whakawhanakehia te mahere o te mahi e kore kua kawea mai nga hua e tūmanakohia, he mea e tika ana ki te tātari i te take mo te kore, a ka hoki mai ki te wā tuatahi (Mahere) me tamata i te rautaki rerekē.