Polina Zhemchuzhina, "whanau o te revolution"

Haurongo o te wahine pouri-hina o te teitei reo ki kanohi maramarama ata ako e kōrero. Na etahi o ratou, e kore e taea e tonu matau me pehea i taea e te kotiro ohie i Zaporozhye wahia te tātari ngā kōpaki nui ki tuhinga me ngā tikanga uiui hainatia "committeemen" i roto i te hotoke o 1949 te tīkiti waimarie me te riro i te wahine o te tangata e pupuri ana i te tūranga haepapa i roto i te kāwanatanga o te Soviet Union .

Te feaa, Polina Zhemchuzhina me kore i taea e amo e, ka meinga te wahine o Molotov, muri ka waiho i roto i tiaki i roto i te rängai nui USSR i te ōhanga. Ko te wāhi i roto i te hanga o te Communism, kua parea tonu reira ratou, rite henehene e whakaatu wā wa attributable ki nga tau o tona tamarikitanga.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

Polina Zhemchuzhina (Pearl tuatahi Semenovna Karpovskaya) - he tangata whenua o te kainga, papa rawa, kei roto i Alexander County Ekaterinoslav kawanatanga. I whanau ia Maehe 11, 1897. Ko tona papa he kaka ohie. Kua rite he taiohi, Pauline timata ki te mahi. I te tuatahi ka mau ia i te tupeka wheketere take hikareti, etahi wa i muri mai ka haere ki te mahi rite te kaitātai moni i roto i te rongoā.

Na hohoro i roto i te "tōrangapū" mahara o te kotiro kiri huringa nui: i raro i te mana o ngā rauemi rōpū me te whakatö-, riro te reira i te kaitautoko o nga whakaaro o te taurite pāpori.

"Te Party o Lenin - kaha o te iwi"

I 21, ka Polina Zhemchuzhina he mema o te rōpū Bolshevik me hono nga rarangi o te Army Whero, kei hea te kaha whakahau ia whakatö-i roto i te hoia. ka oho ia ki Kiev, i reira tonu te taitamariki Bolshevik mahi tōrangapū. I roto i Kharkov, ka whiwhi i te tuhinga tuakiri te kotiro, ngā ki Polina Zhemchuzhina. I maoro nui ka tahuri te mahi kotiro rōpū.

hui nō

I roto i te wawe 20-doma i roto i te pane a Soviet i whakaritea e ahau International Women o Congress. Ka rite ki te māngai i komiti pa Zaporizhzhya i tonoa ai ki a Polina Zhemchuzhina. Hei wāhanga o te presidium noho ia Vyacheslav Molotov. Ko ia te tangata e purepure te taitamariki Bolshevik i Zaporozhye, ahakoa te meka e te maha nui o nga wahine reira i roto i te ruma - hoa.

Ko te heke mai Minita o Foreign Affairs o te USSR tutaki he kuao ngā, a ka ui ia kahore ki te hoki ki Ukraine. Na noho Polina Zhemchuzhina i Moscow.

Life i roto i te pane

I roto i Moscow, ka ia he mahi hei kaiwhakaako Rogozhsko-Simonovsky Komiti District o te RCP (B). I roto i tenei wā, ka noho ia hei tino tata ki Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, me e tuku etahi wa tona ringa, me te ngakau i muri. whakaae Polina Semenovna Zhemchuzhina. Ki te tana tahu, ratou tuatahi noho i roto i te fare hapori ki te whānau o Stalin, a ka haere atu, engari i noho ki nga tangata e noho tata, "te rangatira o nga iwi." riro Molotov hoa he hoa tata o te wahine Iosifa Vissarionovicha. E nui i roto i te noa ratou: mana pāpori, tau, me te rōpū mahi.

Wheako mahi

mai Polina Semenovna Zhemchuzhina ki ako i te Faculty o Economics Plekhanov Institute me muri Bolshevik tu'ite takitahi mahi i roto i te wheketere kakara "New Dawn" rite te papa'i parau o te peka Party. I roto i te tīmatanga o te 30 o, ka whai ia ki te whakahaere i tenei totoka inaianei. I roto i te tau ki mu'a 'e Polina Zhemchuzhina, tona haurongo maha meka nui, me te ngā Kei, i roto i te tiaki o ngā mahi ārahi i roto i te commissariats Soviet.

I roto i ngā, arahina ia he waihanga, hopi, kakara me poke, ahumahi ika. Taimi nounou ka Polina Zhemchuzhina (wahine a Molotov) āhei hoki te matau o te urunga ki te Komiti Central o te CPSU (b), engari i reira kua ngā e ripeneta ke tona ora i mua nei.

Ngä püoho mō Stalin

I roto i te pirihimana ngaro te mutunga o te 30 i taea e ki te whakapumautia e ko te wahine o te Minita o Aorere o te USSR i reta ki tona tuahine, e ora i roto i Pirihitia. Ko te tohu tuatahi e whakawehi hei tawainga mo te kaha Polina Semyonovna.

waho Winter 1941 Pearl i te rārangi o ngā kaitono i roto i te taputapu rōpū. faaoti ia ki te arotahi ki runga i te mahi i roto i te Komiti Antifascist Hurai. Ka rite ki mohiotia te, i muri i te whawhai, kua meinga tenei hanganga tūnga rite te whakahaere mōrearea, me te pokapū iwi hoki. Ko Stalin i runga i tona mau ti'aturiraa roto i pai ki te whakauru i te reira i roto i te take Zionist. Ko reira riri noa mahi i hanga Pearl - tae mai ia i te whare karakia. Ano, i kore rite ia te reira whakawhirinaki Polina Semenovna ki kaituhi kua e J. Ferrer e kihai i whakapono ia i roto i te putanga e pā ana o te mate o te kaitapere Mikhoels. I tua atu, e kinongia te rangatira i tutaki Pearl ki Iseraela Ambassador Golda Meir. faaoti Stalin ki tonoa wahine a Molotov ki te whakarau, e ona whakapae o te pirau i te faatere o te ahumahi marama.

Ka rite ki te hua, i whiua ia ki te 5 tau o whakaraua me tonoa i roto i Kustanai rohe. Ko te mana tōrangapū o tana tane maite ngaueue, a ka i takoha ia ki te whakarere ki te peara, ahakoa tino aroha o ia.

Taimi nounou ki mu'a mahue i te ora i whakawhitia Stalina Polinu Semenovnu i katatānga ki Moscow ki te tīmata uiui i runga i pakihi hou, kua meinga nei ia tāpiri. i faataahia ia ki te noho i te toenga o tona ora i roto i te wehe i te hapori.

Ko te haere noa-maoro-hia

Otiia ko atawhai whakarau ki te wahine a Molotov. i muri i te matenga o tona rangatira fakatāutaha rehabilitated e Lavrenty Peria tonu. Mai i tenei rongo noa te hemonga o Pearl. I muri i te tahi mau wa, i haere ia ki te whenua mo tana tane. i hari ki te kite e ko ia ora Polina Zhemchuzhina Vyacheslav Mikhailovich. tamariki Molotov i roto i te utuafare i?

kia hoki kia tenei pātai o te moni ki tokomaha. hoatu Polina Semyonovna whanau ki te tetahi me tamahine anake, Svetlana, nei i muri whiriwhiria te mahi kairangahau o te Institute o te Ao History.

mate Pearl May 1, 1970. Meinga o te mate - matepukupuku. i tanumia Polina Semyonovna i te whakapaipai urupā Novodevichy.