Pū Maunga "Nona". pū whaiaro-tīhokatia Russian

Ahakoa i roto i nga tau whakamutunga o te Soviet Union i raro i nga hoia Ope timata te heke o te VDV ko te ope nui, i whakamahia i roto i nga pakanga rohe katoa i roto i te rohe o te mua Soviet Union. A mo te take pai, ka hoki tangohia te parau haapiiraa ta te whakamahi o ngā hōia, "Uncle Vasya" rite te tikanga o te patu mua-kāwanatanga. Lelei kï berets puru i roto i Prague i te 1968 me te ngā i roto i Afghanistan.

Ko nga mea katoa i reira, engari etahi mihini, me te kore e nui navoyuesh BMD: Heketau hiahiatia wawe patu, e taea o te tu peke i te waka rererangi, engari te mea kaha whawhai, i rite nei ki ngā pūnaha pū. taea whakarato te reira i te pū anake, ki te mahi tahi ki te Heketau.

I roto i te taviniraa i te tāutanga o ACS-57 me ASU-85, i te tikanga nei ki te pehi i te hoariri ka taea taimaha waka Armoured. Ko ratou mahi tino manakohia mo te wa, engari e kore e te tauranga rite taua mo ratou whakamahinga i whakamahia: hiahiatia ASU āta wetekina ana i te waka rererangi, ka noho iho i runga i te taunga wakarere. O te akoranga, e pā ana ki tetahi ohorere i roto i tenei take, i te kupu i taea e kore e haere.

Tīmata whakawhanake mīhini hou

O te akoranga, e kore i taea e te tatūtangā mau pea whakahau tiketike. i hoatu kia: ki te timata hoahoa i te mīhini e pai kia taea tino ki te whakatau i nga whakaritenga katoa whakaturia atu i runga. Heoi i reira ko he pū Maunga, "Nona". O te akoranga, e kore i tupu i te reira kotahi.

ka anga tōna whanaketanga i roto i te 60raa, me i BMD-1 i whakamahia rite te tūāpapa. Ko te pū whaiaro-tīhokatia hou i hurupoki mua 2C2 "puru". ka tonu reira mārama e te pū 122-mm kaha, i i "tono" i te ACS "kāneihana" noa te whakangaromia e wiriwiri rawa hoki ia huriaro BMD. I te wa ano, i whakawhanakehia roa-te mauiui huriaro whaiaro-tīhokatia moata 120-mm "Lily o te raorao", engari etahi o te taua take e kore i reira tangohia painga o.

He raupapa o "ngā"

E nga waenganui-70 i roto i kaupapa Volgograd faufaa tāke marama hou, hangaia mō te hiahia o te VDV ( "Ahanoa 934" me "Ahanoa 685") i hanga. Ratou ringa matua kua he repo 100 mm kaha. Kia aroha mai, e tika ana ki etahi kohakore hoahoa me ngā rerekētanga ki te ngā, ratou ano i kore te haere ki te raupapa. ka koi te raruraru o taputapu hōia puhipuhi pūkoro whai parirau.

"Nona" te Birth

Heoi, i roto i te hunga tau i runga i ringa hōia mahino tonu i BTR-D. I roto i te rerekē, i te taua BMD (i runga i te pūtake o i hanga ai), ko noa ake aranga ki te tikanga hou, pera i atu te tahuhu tawhito mō te kotahi takai tautoko.

I te pae hopea, tohunga i te Central Research Institute o pū engineering, me te te kaihoahoa rongonui o te Perm "Motovilikha", tango ki pūkete te wheako kino katoa o ratou hoa, kua hanga he waitohu hou 120-mm pū 2A51. Ko tōna ahurei i e i runga i te pūtake o te patu i taea te waihanga i tētahi pūnaha puhipuhi ao, e e ngā te whānuitanga katoa o 'ulungaanga pai o mōtā, repo me howitzers.

Ko te pū hou whaiaro-tīhokatia, whakapumautia ki runga ki te pūtake o tenei pu, ka karanga ACS 2S9 "Nona C". Kei te whānui whakapono reira, ahakoa tona ingoa riro ia i etahi weriweri o tino kaihoahoa, engari he nui ake prosaic katoa: ". New Pū puhipuhi whenua" tu te ingoa mo

Ko te rerekētanga tumuaki i te tahi atu tauira

O te akoranga, he tokomaha nauseam Kīkī te parau "e kore analogues i roto i te ao nei." Otiia ki te whakaaro tatou ki te ACS 2S9 "Nona C", ka te hiri nui atu i ataahua.

Ahurei (ano, ko tenei kupu e tika ana i roto i tenei take) o te pūnaha, ko te e te oaoa i te reira i te āhuatanga tino ataahua, whakarato mana ahi pai i runga i te parekura, engari e taea te whakamahi tonu rite te whakakapinga o te maha ngā momo o patu! Hei timata ki, te pū Maunga, "Nona" taea kore he pakari anake ki te pehi hōia hoariri, engari ara te whawhai i te tāke hoariri. Te nuinga āhuatanga rite mīharo Sau takoto whānui missiles ngā.

mea Mō whakamahia

He aha, ka, taea ahi projectiles tāutanga "Nona", te āhuatanga o e hoatu i raro?

Ko tino nui taputapu puhipuhi nui-taikaha. whānui mōrahi - tata 9 kiromita, a no te mea o te iti (kaua e neke atu i te 360 m / s) o te tere tīmata me te ballistics motuhake ahi ratou taea "huti." Rawa pai-mahi kua whakaaturia e ratou i roto i Afghanistan, te wahi i taea e ki te whiua i roto i te whitinga tino nui, e kore e ara hono ratou i roto i te whakapā ahi tika te hoariri. I runga i te whai huatanga o enei anga i roto i te iti iho ki analogues howitzer 152 mm, whānui e whakamahia ana i roto i te ope o to tatou whenua, a ka i roto i nga āhua mema o NATO.

Ko te kupu, ko te tāutanga o "Nona", e kua he whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga - he tauira pono ahurei o patu.

maina

He mea nui ngā (i roto i ngā o ngā mahi motuhake Mahino), i te mea te taea whānuitanga iti o te whakamahi o te tītere taua he 1.7 kiromita atu, me oku - e pā ana ki 400 mita. Mai te āhuatanga taputapu taea te whakamahi i te anga 120-mm paerewa, Heketau wātea katoa o te awhe whānui. Tikanga wāwāhi toku tāutanga puhipuhi teitei-taikaha "Nona" taea kopere i 7.3 km. Ko te painga nui o te pū ko e taea reira, kahore ki tetahi whakarereketanga whakamahi i tetahi 120-mm anga moata whenua ke.

missiles

Tapiri atu mea, te paura taea ngā tītere tākirirangi-āwhina. Ratou hoahoa whakaurua he pūkaha jet, e taea ai e koe te ahi mō te 13 kiromita. I roto i tenei tūranga tautuhinga "Nona", whakaahua nei e wātea ana i roto i te tuhinga, ka taea te tōtika te whakamahi mō te patu o pūhui, nei matua mahi ko ki te whakangaro i patu taimaha o te hoariri.

kia te reira kia tino tuhia missiles arahina e taea takitahi e te piri i whakaaro mā te whakamahi i te atatohu taiaho. patua ratou tāke me ētahi atu taputapu taimaha i te tihi, i roto i te wahi tino wateatanga. Ko te tūponotanga o whakangaro te ūnga i roto i tenei take, ko te i te iti rawa 0.8-0.9. ka karanga tenei momo o te pa ko "Kitolov-2." Reira hoki e taea te whakamahi pai ACS "Nona", whakaahua o e e kite koutou i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Heoi, e taea te whakamahi i te anga tāpiripiri tikanga ki te whawhai ki waka Armoured. A, no te tutuki te tere tīmata o 560 m / s te tika manakohia mo te hoariri toi i tawhiti o runga ki tetahi kiromita, me te kaha ki te tahu ki runga ki te 600 mm patu ōrite kōrero e ki tokoni ratou ko reira taea ki te whakaputa i te hinga MBT katoa pea hoariri o nāianei.

Āhuatanga utanga tikanga

Mai te whakamahi i meneti i teiteiraa nui - he mahi mahi kaha rawa hoki te waka uta tikanga kua whakaratohia ki te pūnaha ramming motuhake e whakahaere i runga i te hau kōpeke. I roto i te tahi atu mea, kī te pea o te kōwae e whakamahi 2S9 "Nona", i muri i koperea ia ki tahia te oko, e tino whakaiti te au paitini i roto i te wehenga tāngata, te whakanui ake i te whakamarie o te kaumoana.

ētahi ngā

Mai i hanga te pū whaiaro-tīhokatia ki te taea o tona taunga, te kaihoahoa i ki te whakahaere i maximally hanga. Ka rite ki i whakamahia te rauemi o te koranu konumohe motuhake mo te tono, i, ahakoa, pai tiaki te waka i patu-mīhini-pū ahi. Kōmāmā me te wai-ātete whakarato puāwai pai, reira "Nona" taea takitahi whakanui mau fifi wai.

Ko te mana o te pūkaha diesel - 240 l / s, me te kounga, me te pono whakatārewatanga hydropneumatic taea ACS "Nona" marara haere te huarahi ki te 60 km / h, me te wai - ki runga ki te 9 km / h. I roto i te tahi atu mea, ka taea te mana whakatārewatanga i roto i te take whakatika te hiahia ki te whakaiti i te tiketike o te mīhini whawhai i 35 cm.

Ētahi atu momo

I muri whakakitea Afghanistan e Maunga i te pū, "Nona" - he patu rawa whai hua. Ko te pera pai ki te māngai o ngā momo rerekē o ngā hōia whanaketanga, kua whakahuatia e ratou te hiahia ki te tiki te tahi mea rite ki nga rakau o te hōia whenua Armed Forces wae katoa. A no te mea i whakawhanakehia ai, ka whāngai hoki mahi tōia 2B16 ACS "Nona-K."

Ngā mihi ki tona wahia paraire ahurei, e faaore ake ki te 1/3 e utu pūngao, ka tahuri te pū i roto i ki te hanga i te taea māmā. e kore e Ko tōna taimaha nui 1,200 kirokaramu. Ka taea te takai Tata katoa wahi o te taputapu, i nui whakahaere waka, me te whakamahinga i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua. Kei te hangaia te reira ki te neke i te motokā GAZ-66, engari empirically kua reira kua kï e ki atu iti iho tika ranei ara i tona hariata hapai i ara te UAZ-469. Mai te pito o te ara he awa, ki te tika, te pū e taea te neke a tawhio noa taruke te parekura tona tātaitanga.

Ko tētahi atu kē o te tahuhu

I roto i te Perm, i raro i te arata'iraa o pūmanawa Yuri Kalachnikova 2S23 "Nona SVK" i hanga i roto i te 1990.

Huriaro i roto i tenei whakatinanatanga, he BTR-80. Ki te uru i te taputapu hou i roto i reira, ua matou ki tino rework te hoahoa o te pourewa te mau te hanga i te reira hou. Ko te painga nui ko te rōrahi ā faahiahia o te APCs whare, i roto i nei whakahaere ki te whakapiki ake i 2S9 hāmanu "Nona" tika ki runga ki te 30 pupuhi. I roto i te taua tikanga o projectiles whawhai mooni e taea piro te wehenga ope katoa, e atu faarahi te uara o tēnei tautuhinga. I tua atu, ina koa hoki te pupuhi i tūranga hipoki i roto i te hanga o i ngā "Nona SVK" anga pūwhāngai whenua.

rākau o te riri atu

Hei whakarato firepower atu, te kaihoahoa pourewa ato'a tāuta pū mīhini PKT 7,62 mm, e taea te mamao whakahaere rangatira pū. No te atu kariri rākau o te riri ngā waka e whā MPADS "ngira", e wha AK-74 (tairitenga ranei), kotahi tekau ma rima kapakara (RGD F-1, i runga i te āhuatanga ranei). I roto i te tahi atu mea, eke te pourewa launchers pohu mō ngā pohū paowa.

Ko te kupu, "Nona" - patu, whakarato he otinga ki te whānuitanga whānui o misioni whawhai e taea anake te whakaritea ki tetahi hōia tauranga ranei hononga.

Ko te āhuatanga pai o te tahuhu hou

Na roto i te whakamahi o te tahuhu o te BTR-80 i taea ki te tino whakapai ake i te tere me te huri mai o te mīhini hou. Tuatahi, ka nui haere te tere mōrahi ki te 60 km / h, me te awhe Cruising ko inaianei 600 km. I tua atu, he tino pono i roto i te whakawhitinga o ngā hōia i runga i tawhiti te roa o te tahuhu moana o te BTR-80: kia pai haere te kiromita katoa 600 o te mīhini i raro io ratou mana ake, kahore tetahi kino me Whakawetonga takoha.

I roto i te tahi atu mea, te tahuhu paerewa tino whakaiti te utu o te tiaki me te whakangungu o ngā kaimahi, te pūtea whakahaere tino heke. Ki te rā, kua kua whakamatauria e matou e te mihini i runga i te pūtake o te BTR-80 te utu 1.5-2 wa iti te utu ki te mahi atu i "Nona" e hāngai ana i runga i te BRDM-1.

whakarerekētanga moata

Ki te rā, hanga he marama āhua-moata "Nona-M", kawea e mea i roto i ki te kōaro. Ko taua Ko tōna taimaha e te tātai e taea i roto i te mea o meneti ki te wetewete i te reira, ka neke ranei i roto i te kāinga ranei kia kawea i runga i te kararehe mōkihi, me te marama nekeneke waka. hanga tenei "Nona-M" he patu mahuinga ia mo te whenua ngahere, me te maunga.

ngā kitenga

I teie mahana, "Nona" e kore analogues i roto i te ao na te kaha me te ngäwari o te whakamahi i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga whawhai. Mai whakamahi te mīhini i te whānuitanga katoa o projectiles noa e whakamahia ana e te Ope Armed Forces, he rite nui i roto i tetahi whare tapere o ngā mahi tona whai huatanga. Whai wāhitanga pākahiko "Nona" e pera e waiho ratou i tawhiti i muri i te tātai moata paerewa wae hoia mīhini. Ko te kupu, "Nona" - patu kore e whai analogues i roto i te ope Russian.

I tua atu, i te whakatutukitanga katoa e kua whakamahia i roto i te hanga, me te whakarerekētanga, "Nona", kaha te tono to tatou kaihoahoa ki te whakataki o ngā pūnaha pū faufaa hou.

Ētahi atu tāutanga whaiaro-tīhokatia o Russian

Koe pea taea te tiki i te mana'o teka e whaiaro-tīhokatia te pū "Nona" - anake te patu i roto i tenei piha haapiiraa, i roto i te taviniraa o to tatou whenua. E kore te mea pera tenei.

"Vienna"

Orotahi o te tāutanga whakaaro ko "Vienna", i roto i te maha tikanga rite ki te pūnaha whakaahuatia. I roto i te rerekē, "Nona", i whakapumautia ai i runga i te pūtake o te BMP-3. Ka rite ki i roto i te take o mua, patu ki te pū 120 mm. Aue, me ona painga katoa (nui haere kaimahi haumaru, hei tauira), "Vienna" me tenei ra ko reira i roto i te ope pea i roto i kape kotahi.

He aha atu he whaiaro-tīhokatia pū Russian? I roto i te parau tumu, e kore e pera iti ratou. Kia whakarārangi o te hunga matua:

• 2C19 "MSTA-C".

• 2C1 "kāneihana".

• 2S3 "Acacia".

• 2S5 "hakiniti" me 2S25 "Sprut-SD".

Katoa o nga tauira i runga ake, ki te kahore hoki te "wheke" - howitzers taimaha, te mea taketake he ërä 152 mm o. He ahua rerekē i te hunga i mahi i te whaiaro-tīhokatia pū "Nona" ratou mahi. Ko te kupu, Kei te pihinga ratou whakaaro matua i te tūranga kati te whakangaromanga o nga tūranga hoariri taiepa ranei. Hei tauira, i roto i Grozny i 1995 ko te tāutanga "MSTA-C" whakamahia tōtika ki te pehi parepare hoariri i roto i te hohonu.

Katoa pū whaiaro-tīhokatia Russian rerekē i ratou ritenga whakakotahitanga Western ki ia atu, me te ki te T-72 MBT (a T-90, aua). whakarato ana tēnei tūkunga e rua te hanga ohie, me te utu iti o te mahi.