Pūnaha Anti-rererangi pere "Cube": te hītori o hanganga, whakaahuatanga, ngā āhuatanga

I roto i ia āhua, kei te āta whakaratohia hoki te tiaki ki te rangi whakaekenga pūnaha pere anti-rererangi (Sams). I te 18 o Hūrae 1958, i roto i runga i te Resolution o te Komiti Central CPSU, ka anga mahi hoahoa SAM "Cube" i roto i te Institute o Instrumentation Research. Air pūnaha ārai pere hangaia ki te te tiaki i ngā hōia whenua me wehewehenga Armoured i whakaekenga rangi mā te whakangaro ngā taumata hoariri i te reo, me te teitei iti.

He aha te mea SAM USSR?

"Cube" - pūnaha pere anti-rererangi, te hanganga o nei ngā o tikanga whawhai:

• Antiaircraft pere arahina 3M9.
• tūhura whaiaro-tīhokatia mahinga, me te ārahitanga (1S91).
• Whaiaro-tīhokatia Pūwhakarewa 2P25 tāutanga.

Ko wai whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o SAM i te USSR?

taputapu whawhai katoa e kua whakaurua i roto i te pūnaha pere anti-rererangi "Cube", hangaia takitahi. Hoki ia pae i faataahia te tino kaihoahoa, kaiwhakahaere te kawenga mō te hua. I hanga pū tīhokatia-whaiaro 1S91 i raro i te ārahitanga o AA Rastova. Semi-hohe matenga hihiani 2P25, e mahi ana missiles whāhoki, i whakawhanakehia noa 1960 te tino kaihoahoa Yu Vekhov. Tona mono i roto i tenei mahi ko te IG Akopyan i 1960. Te kawenga mō te pūnaha pere anti-rererangi katoa "Cube" a ka meinga hei te tino kaihoahoa o OKB-15 V. V. Tihomirov.

Hoahoa me te mahi Pūwhakarewa

whakanohoia Pūwhakarewa whaiaro-tīhokatia i runga i te tahuhu o te GM-578 i runga i hariata motuhake, i roto te arata'iraa no te missiles. 2P25 roto actuators hiko, taputapu whakatere. I tua atu, rite rawa i te pū whaiaro-tīhokatia i ki ngā pūrere rorohiko, motuhake hau-mīhini huri hiko tipu hiko, me te taputapu i wāhi matawhenua, kōrero mōhiohio whakawaeheretia me te mana o te tāutanga prestart. i whakamahia turanga e rua mo a tere atu ki te Pūwhakarewa tākirirangi. i whakanohoia e ratou i roto i te tākirirangi. Hātepe tona arata'iraa prelaunch whakamana mā te whakamahi i hariata puku e kua mahia e te 1S91 raraunga. Radiotelekodovaya hono 2P25 whakarato te mōhiohio e tika ana. tātaitanga tāutanga aro ko e toru. tae 2P25 taimaha 19.5 taranata.

pūrere pere

Anti-rererangi pere matatini "kupiki" 3M9 rite rawa ki te pere hangaia i roto i runga i te kaupapa "hurihuri parirau". Mai tona tauira āhuatanga 3M8 e te aroaro o papa mana atu. Nā ki to ratou rahi mā te whakamahi i kaihoahoa parirau hurihuri kua heke. I tua atu, e kore e servos hiahia te mana nui. Kua te puku waipēhi kua whakakapi e te hau mama.

rironga Target ki te tīmatanga, me tona tautoko i runga i te auau Doppler i mahi semiactive matenga 1SB4 hihiani whāhoki, kei roto i te mua o te pere, kei te pūnaha toko ngā. ko Taumaha HE wāwāhi warhead 57 kg. hoatu Avtodiodny fuze rua te whakahau mo te whakatinanatanga o tona detonation. rahi tākirirangi ko 5.8 m, diameter - 33 cm te pere kohia kawea i roto i te ipu motuhake, i hanga nei e whakakopa stabilizers tamahanahana..

Kia pehea te te tākirirangi ruma pou-ngingiha?

Ko te tiaki o te hau generator i muri i tona parariraa tomo i roto i kokorutanga rangi i roto i te ruma afterburning i roto i nei i whakamana i te ngingiha whakamutunga o te wahie. tiaki wahie Mārō ko ano he 172-pauna poma diameter o 29 cm, me te roa o te 1.7 mita. Hoki tona ahumahi whakamahia wahie ballistic. i tatauranga kainga Air mō ngā āhuatanga mahi paorangi. I roto i te whakarewatanga o te tākirirangi katoa te putanga rangi piri katia e te kōhao kaka. i hanga Tīmata o te tākirirangi whakarewatanga i te pae whakarewanga i mua i tae atu boosters.

roa Tīmata 5 hēkona. Ko te roto rawa o te pupuha tākirirangi, e mau nga kaka pae kupenga, 5-6 hēkona i muri i te pupuhi hoki, ko te wā atu mahi midcourse.

Te hanganga me te mahi 1S91

Whaiaro-tīhokatia tūhura me te arata'iraa ngā o:

• teihana hihiani hihiani ki ai rapunga me te aroturuki whakamana te ūnga irirangi.
• 1S31 māramatanga. Ki te awhina o tenei taputapu i hanga te āhukahuka ūnga, navigation, wāhi matawhenua, hononga radiotelekodovaya ki te pūnaha katoa "Cube". pūnaha pere Anti-rererangi (whakaahua i raro nei) i oti ki e rua tītaka hihiani pūihi: 1S11 me 1S31.

Whakaputaina ana e raua he arotake porohita i te 15 rpm. mokowā nga Antennas i iarere kawe. i rite rawa takere irirangi rua-ara ki radiators, i whakaritenga ko te wāhi kotahi o te rererangi rahi. Rapu, tautuhi, me te haere tahi taea te ūnga irirangi kia i te tawhiti o te 300 ki te 70 000 me te teitei o 30 ki te 7,000 mita.

Kei pū tīhokatia-whaiaro 1S91 i runga i te tahuhu o te GM-568. moni Taumaha i 20.3 taranata. ngā Whakahaere Crew o wha iwi.

test SAM

I roto i te 1959, anti-rererangi pūnaha pere "Cube" Kua haere tona whakamātautau tuatahi. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei mahi kua tāutuhia te mau paruparu e whai ake nei:

• Air kainga i hoahoa kāore i.
• ko ruma afterburning ki rawakore paninga arai waiariki. Ko tenei hapa tika ki te meka e te whakamahia Titanium mo te hanga o kāmera. I muri whakamatautau i tenei whakarewa i whakakapi i te maitai.

I roto i 1961, te tino kaihoahoa, whai wāhi i roto i te whanaketanga o "Cuba", kua whakakapia. Otiia, e kore tenei i pā i te whakatere o te mahi ki te whakapai ake i te pūnaha anti-pere. i whakarewahia Mai i 1961 ki te 1963 83 missiles. O enei, e toru anake angitu te whakarewatanga. I te 1964 ka tukua te tākirirangi tuatahi kei roto i te warhead. I patua e ia e IL-28, rere i teitei reo. i angitu atu rōnihi. Ka rite ki te hua, i te 1967 ua faaoti i te Komiti Central o te Pāti Communist ki te tango anti-rererangi pūnaha pere "Cube" i roto i te ringa o te Ope. whakarewahia te reira i te kaupapa ki te hanga i tētahi tauira mō te kaweake.

Kaweake putanga o te 2K12 "Kupiki"

Air pūnaha korero pere, rerekē i tona orotahi turanga nei āhuatanga, huihui i roto i 1971. Rerekētanga pāngia pūnaha e mahi rapunga o ngā taumata rangi.

pūnaha Anti-rererangi pere "Cube" ( "Square" - te ingoa o te tipu te tikanga mo te kaweake) Kua Kua tutuki e te huri i te taumata o te tiaki ki raweketia, hanga reira taea ki te wehewehe i waenganui i te whāinga o te apatoko kāwanatanga. i pai hoki te whakamahi i roto i te tropics te tauira kaweake.

pūnaha pere Anti-rererangi "Cube-M1"

I muri i te mahi i runga i ao hou, i roto i 1973, patu ki Soviet Army puta te putanga ake - ". Cube-M1" SAM Kua whakawhānui whakapainga hoahoa hanga nga rohe o ngā wāhi ūnga, ake tiaki o te matenga whāhoki o nga momo ngā o pokanoa, te wā tīmata e kore nui ake 5 hēkona. I whakaratohia te pūihi o te hihiani ki te tiaki i nga pānga o missiles anti-hihiani.

Hea ki te whakamahi i SAM?

Mai i 1967 ki te 1982, te pūnaha pere anti-rererangi tuatahi "Cube" kua whānui kaweake ki whenua rerekē te wahi i reira nga whawhai kaha. Ehara i waho i ngaro te awhina o te pūnaha i te pakanga Arab-Iseraela rangi korero kaha rangi o Iharaira. I roto i te tau 1999, i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te poma o ope NATO kaha whakamahia tenei Yugoslavia matatini. Ko te ngoikoretanga SAM whakaaro te huru tia ore o ona takere pouaka whakaata e kore taunga ki te mahi te po. I tenei wa o te ra te nuinga mahi he patu i NATO.

I roto i tenei take, i whai hua te mahi o "Cuba". E whakaata ana i te aro rangi po, ngaro te ope o Yugoslavia toru Sams.

Teie mahana SAM "Cube" pā Slovakia. SAM Kei te Pūwhakarewa whaiaro-tīhokatia me toru missiles. whakaaro ana tēnei whakarerekētanga e te tino matatau, a kua mohiotia rite te "Kupiki-M2" i roto i te raupapa matatini katoa.