Resins Urea-formaldehyde: production, āhuatanga me te tono

Kei te whānui resins Urea-formaldehyde whakamahia i roto i te hanga, te rakau, me te tahi atu ahumahi. ara Industrial ki te whakaputa i to ratou tuatahi tīmata i roto i te US i te tau 1927. Hoki te kaha me te wai ātete o ngā pūhui me resins epoxy e ahua iho taua rauemi. I te tahi atu te ringa, a te hanga ngawari te ratou.

Me pēhea te ki te hanga

kapia whiwhi CFS, rite kua taea te kite i te ingoa, i te polycondensation o formaldehyde ki Urea. tohu ratou he whakatārewatanga wai kore-pūkākā te pokey me te tae e taea rerekē ai i runga i te kōeke rānei. Production o resins Urea-formaldehyde tikanga whai wāhi te whakamahi o apparatuses motuhake, jacketed me te stirrer ngā,. Ko te tukanga ahumahi katoa o taua hua tā te toru taahiraa tumu:

• polycondensation;

• tōtā waikawa;

• whakamaroke.

kawea te kapia polycondensation te atu i roto i te reo kawakore i te pH o te otinga tauhohenga rite ki 7.5-8. I roto i te tukanga ahumahi ka whakarite ai te Urea ōwehenga titiwha: formaldehyde ko 1: 1.6-1.9.

kawea te tōtā waikawa i roto i roto i te reo ki te pH = 4.5-4.8. I tenei wā, e tika ana ki te taimaha rāpoi nui haere tīmata ki te whakapiki ake i tino te pokey o te otinga. еще одну порцию карбамида. I te mutunga o te tauhohenga tōhau waikawa i roto i te kāpia tapiritia ki tetahi atu wahi o te Urea. tatau te nui e hiahiatia ana o tenei taonga te na e ko te ōwehenga niho kauoro o te wāhanga i roto i te otinga hua 1: 1.3-1.4. I roto i te taahiraa whakamaroke whakaritea te teriuma te ki te uara pokey whanaunga e hiahiatia ana. продукт охлаждают и модифицируют с целью снижения его токсичности. I te wā whakamutunga matao o te hua kei te ka te whakarerekētia ki te whakaiti i tona tāoke.

Scope o te whakamahi

whakamahia kapia tiomimi-formaldehyde te (Tātai N = CH2 C = e, me NH2 HOCH2NH C = NH2) taea i roto i te hanga:

• Fiberboard me particleboard;

• kahupapa;

• putties, peita, me varnishes;

• makuku pepa ātete, me te paperboard (impregnation);

• pahuka i.

карбамидоформальдегидная (КФ-МХ2) в бурении . Hoki maha whakamahia kapia Urea (KF-MX2) i roto i te kōhao. I roto i tenei take e whakamahia ana e ia kia rite ki te slurry turanga sima. Te whakamutunga, i roto i te tahuri, he ranunga Kaore e taea e whakapakeke hohoro i te rangi. E whakamahia te nuinga slurries sima mo te whiwhi i te casing me ki te tiaki ia ratou i te waikura.

CFS hāngai Clay-

I nga hinonga o te ahumahi woodworking i roto i tona puka parakore te whakamahia uaua CFS. He nui atu noa ko te huānga matua rite whakamahia i roto i te kāmura Urea kāpia kāpia. Ko te momo matua o ngā hua i hanga i runga i te pūtake o CFS, i reira e rima:

• EC-B - nohopuku piripiri haamărôraa;

• CF-e - whakaaro General (ihirangi formaldehyde kore ki runga ake i 0,25%);

• KF-MT - iti paitini, whakamahia hoki te hanga o te fiberboard me particleboard;

• KF-F - ki rahi te kaha;

• KF-BZ - fakatahai nga painga o te waitohu EC-B me KF-F.

Tere-CF-B adhesives hinonga woodworking o ahumahi e te nuinga whakamahia i roto i te hanga o te kahupapa, me te taonga papa ararewa i runga i poka kotahi-whanganga. whakamahia hua Malotokischny CF-e te i te nuinga anake hoki te pia pepa. Hoki, kia te whakamahi tenei piripiri i roto i te hanga o te kahupapa. e kore te papa maramara me te fiberboard me ona whakamahi i hanga. Hoki te hanga o te mau api e hāngai ana i runga i te maramara muka ranei hua tono te tohu CF-MT.

Kāpia ki oranga tonutanga tiketike he tino tika mō te tūhono momo katoa o ngā wāhanga taonga. Mahere i roto i ētahi wā ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te reira ki te whakapakari i ngoikore nga oneone. adhesives Universal KF-BZ e tino whakamahia nuitia i roto i te hanga o te kahupapa, me te taonga. Hoki, ka taea te whakamahi i ratou i roto i te hanga o ngā momo o ngā hua taitapa. Tei runga i te momo o te whakaora i nga adhesives katoa e hāngai ana i runga i te FSC taea te whakamahi hoki e rua te pia wera, me te matao.

I te tahi taime E whakamahia i roto i te hanga, te rakau, me te pera i runga i. D. me adhesives motuhake ki te ahua rerekē o tāpiritanga whakarerekē.

Ko te āhuatanga o te kapia MT-CF

Whakatakotoranga i resins Urea-formaldehyde, i runga i te tono kei ai kia rerekē. Mai i te ripanga i raro nei whakarato pārongo i runga i te āhuatanga o te teriuma KF-MT tino whakamahia i roto i te hanga o te fiberboard me particleboard.

kitea Ētahi atu rama KF KF-MT-resins te matua e te pokey heke i te āhua nui mea maroke. Ēnei āhuatanga tukua ki te whakamōhio i te reira i roto i mihini ki te rehu e whae. Ko te whakamahi o taua taputapu, i tahuri, hanga taea te whakaiti nui i roto i te te houku o rakau tukinotia ki matūriki uku, i runga i whakaiti i te wa o te mau papaa parau te pēhi.

Impregnating kapia (SKFP)

whakamahia tēnei ahua o CFS te i roto i te hanga o te pepa wai-ātete, me te pepa. I ētahi wā kei te whakamahia hoki reira ki impregnate te kiriata pukapuka whakapaipai, kahupapa, me te particleboard me fiberboard. E whakaatu ana te ripanga e whai ake nei i te āhuatanga o te hua.

Ngā āhuatanga o te teriuma whakamahia mo te hanga o coatings

Hoki tenei whakaaro, te nuinga tono hua waitohu K-421-02 tohu melaminokarbamidoformaldegidnaya mārama kapia wai ia i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

Āhuatanga KF-MX2

resins Urea-formaldehyde whakamahia ki te hanga slurries sima me hoki tino ū ki te GOST.

Urea pahuka i formaldehyde: te hōkai o te whakamahi

Kei te nuinga whakamahia tenei hua i roto i te hanga kia rite ki te rauemi mātao. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira no te mātao i te matao:

• taiepa;

• wāhi tuanui;

• patunga takawaenga me te tuanui.

I roto i te rite ki te terei whakawhānui tikanga, kua kotahi painga nui terei CFS. Ko tino kore-he pūkākā tēnei rauemi. kapia tiomimi-formaldehyde Ko te rōpū o ngā rauemi rewatau. Ko te tauhohenga anga whakamuri i roto ia ratou e kore e taea e na roto i te whakamāramatanga. Fakatatau ki ai, e kore e CFS-pahuka i roto i te ahi te hanga i te rewanga. Ko te anake - i raro i te mana o tiketike pāmahana ngaro reira moka taimaha mā te tohatoha kore-mōrearea ki te hauora o te tangata, hauota, me te hauhā. Ko te ora ratonga o te pahuka i roto i tenei momo ko e pā ana ki te taua rite e o te terei extruded - e pā ana ki 80 tau. Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei rauemi i roto i te puka o te mau papaa parau, me i roto i te āhua wai. I roto i te take whakamutunga, kua ringihia noa te papatipu ki te kōhao o ngā momo o ngā hanganga whare.

Me pēhea te ki te hanga CFS pahuka i

Hoki te wā tuatahi ka puta tēnei tuhinga ngā i roto i te mutunga o 30-doma i Germany. I roto i Europe, Kei te whānui whakamahia te reira i roto i te hanga o ngā whare me ngā hanganga. I roto i te 30% o ngā take ki rerekē momo o mātao Walling whakamahia tenei rauemi. I roto i nga tau tata riro atu me te ake rongonui CFS-pahuka i roto i Russia.

Hokohoko hangarau o tenei whakamahana ko ngā ohie. I te hoko i reira he ara he, taputapu motuhake āhua ngāwari, hoko e, i roto i te parau tumu, e taea e te tangata. Mahi pērā utanga e whai ake:

• i roto i tetahi o nga ipu ki tonu te ki te otinga wai o te waikawa phosphoric me he kaihoko huka;

• i roto i tetahi atu ipu whakanohoia iho tika Urea kāpia;

• i roto i te oko körere tuwhera.

Hoki te ranu i te wae rauemi whakamahia papu kaha. E maturuturu ratou Urea-formaldehyde teriuma me te awa pahuka i roto i te whakaranu motuhake. Kei te ringihia te papatipu hua i roto i te ipu ki te kōhao i roto i te pupuha waihanga koru.

Ko te āhuatanga o te teriuma whakamahia mo te hanga o te pahuka i

Hoki tenei whakaaro, kei te nuinga o whakamahia te hanga hua waitohu KFZH-PV. Tenei kapia wai he ma te marama-parauri ranei te tae, whakaritenga e me ōrite te whakaritenga o GOST.

Ka rite ki tapanga CF-kāpia

Ko te kupu, kitea ahau rawa whānui i roto i te ahumahi hanga me te tiomimi tono teriuma. tohua ana tēnei hua e rite ki te whakaritenga o te GOST 14192. Ko te tapanga i runga i te ipu ki te CFS nama kia hakari ranei:

• ingoa o te kaihanga ki tana waitohu;

• taimaha kupenga;

• tohu kāpia;

• te rā o te whakanao;

• tau puranga;

• te ti'araa o te paerewa iho.

Ka rite ki kia reira kia Kikī te uku

Nui woodworking me hanga kamupene hoko tenei hua te tikanga i roto i ngā rahinga rawa nui. I roto i tenei take, kua tukua te teriuma KF tiomimi-formaldehyde ki tona ūnga i roto i tāke rerewē. puranga iti tonu ki pahu maitai. Tata i mua i te whakamahi, kia rite ki GOST 13950, me ata horoi. Standards e faati'a ai e maka ana teriuma tae atu i roto i te maha-oko ki hē iti waho.

tikanga whakamātautau

Tangohia wā Urea teriuma tipu (ki te taua āhuatanga, me te taimaha kaua e nui ake 200 toni). Hei tirohia whakamatautauria te kounga o te hua. I roto i te wāhanga tuatahi o ratou hanga:

• tīpako ngongo tauira ira whakarewa;

• pūhui ki te whakatakoto i nga tauira katoa i roto i te oko whakaata;

• tapa ki te rā o te ti'araa, me te pae tīpako.

Mau ai ngā ake whakamātau tirotiro ataata, me te faaotiraa i roto i te taiwhanga:

• taimaha o te toenga maroke o ia tauira;

• te hautanga papatipu o formaldehyde noa;

• te kukū hauwai katote;

• wā rā;

• miscibility ki te wai;

• kaha kurut.

Me pēhea te ki te kawe me te toa

Kawea kapia Urea (Class o te ati o te taonga - II) kia i roto i aratau ikiiki katoa. I mahana hau i raro 0 ° ^C whakaaetia te ki te whakamahi i exchangers wera anake ngā ranei ki te tuuraa i coatings. I roto i te take whakamutunga, mahi te whakawera e tuku te wai wera ki te pereue o te tank. CFS pāmahana i muri i tenei tukanga e kore e nui 25 ^C. Hei whakaputa i steam whakawera hua tapuí.

I roto i te raumati, ka te rangi i te t 25 ^C, kapia kawea taea kore roa atu mō te 10 ra. Rokiroki i te hua i mahana i raro 5 ^{° C,} me te kore ki runga ake i ^{te 20} ° C i roto i te ipu hiri. E kore e whakaaetia te reira ki te pupuri i etahi oko, waka tauā ranei ki te kāpia i roto i te rā tika. Hoki fakahinohino'i GOST ki rokiroki ipu ki tenei hua i raro i te hipoki, e kore e tuku te rongo ki te rerenga.

Urea teriuma: kaihanga me rama

Ki te rā, whakaputaina ana e ia e pā ana ki 500 mano. Taranata o CFS te tau i roto i Russia. Ko te kamupene kāinga nui wāhi i roto i te tuku o tenei hua ko:

• "Ugra lespromholding";

• "Shatura";

• Cherepovets ko Täingäwai wheketere taonga rohe kahupapa;

Kei te whai wāhi hoki te reira i roto i to tatou whenua i te hanga o ngā hua pērā i kapia Urea-formaldehyde, nga kaihanga o te Russian-Finnish. mätanga te reira i roto i te hanga o tenei rauemi, hei tauira, JSC "Metadynea" me te mema o te āwangawanga Pākehā Swiss Krono Company Group "Kronostar Te Tai Rāwhiti." I tua atu, i te CFS ko tetahi o nga momo o ngā hua hangaia e nga momo o ahumahi matū rite "Akron" me "Metafaks".