Ritua tuaiwi - he aha te mea te reira? abnormalities filosilivá Taumaha

Malformation o te tuaiwi, e ai kia haere tahi e disorders o te ua, - ritua tuaiwi. He aha te mea te reira, i roto i nei whakatika wā, ki te tahi mau raruraru i roto i te tinana e taea hua - te whakautu ki ēnei pātai, ka e kitea i roto i to tatou tuhinga. Heoi, ko ano hoki mo te mahara o te pikitia haumanu o te mate e tika ana ki te matau i te ariā o te pūnaha io pokapū tangata, te hanganga kikokiko o te tuaiwi me mahi ua.

Ko te ariā o te pūnaha io pokapū

pūnaha io Central - te wahi matua o te pūnaha io tangata. Kei te māngai reira e te roro, me te filosilivá aho, me te hanga ki runga o neurons me ratou tukanga. i hanga CNS toru wehenga: he raro, reo me te teitei. Hoki te raro, io waenganui ko te ua, te oblongata medulla, te midbrain, te midbrain me roro tuarongo. Enei wāhanga whakahaere i te mahi o whekau takitahi, whakapumautia te therebetween hononga, ki te whakarite i te tapatahi o te rauropi mahi. Higher CNS wehea māngai tuakoi kaka, me te functionally whakarato taunekeneke ki te taiao.

Ko te mahi matua o te pūnaha io pokapū - te whakatinanatanga o tauhohe ohie, me te matatini - reflexes. i hanga te pūnaha io pokapū i roto i te wiki tuatahi o te hapūtanga no o te hanganga motuhake - te ectoderm. Ki te te wehenga he, me te whanaketanga o ngā pūtau io whakatika te koha ngongo neural, e muri arata'i ki te whanaketanga o pathologies tuaiwi.

ua - okana pūnaha io kei roto i te awa filosilivá. rohe Notional i waenganui i te ua me te roro tū i roto i te wahi interleaving muka pyramidal. Na kua takaia te upoko, me te ua kōpaki, arā, o paparanga e toru: te totoka, pungawerewere me iaia. Mai i roro kino waho tiaki te angaanga, te ua - te tuaiwi.

Ko te hanganga o te tīwae vertebral

Tuarā - te turanga o te kōhiwi tangata ngā o pekehoe, i waenganui i nga kōpae intervertebral - te apa wheua ngohe. Functionally, whakarato nga puku ngāwari o te tuaiwi. 33-34 i roto i te pūwaha tangata, ratou herenga ngā ki ngā wāhanga: waha, rei, lumbar, sacral, iwi timu.

i hanga ia pūaha te pewa tinana me ngā tukanga. Ko te tinana me te pewa kėia tukanga whai tuaiwi te whakatuwhera pekehoe hono ki ia atu, me te mahi i te mahi o te tāpiritanga ki te uaua. I roto i te tinana tangata hauora hanumi rua pekehoe ki te awa vertebral kotahi, e, i roto i te hono mo'oní, ko te pae o te wāhi ua. Ko reira he āhuatanga pathological i roto i nei i reira ko te āputa i roto i te wheua - ". Ritua tuaiwi" huaina tenei āhuatanga ko

E whakarato ana te ua kōrero o te roro ki te pūnaha io piringa. teihana Central - he kōhao i roto i te ua. ua, me te te matenga, he membrane toru-apa i waenganui i nga papa kei roto i te inu cerebrospinal. Ko te wheua o te pekehoe me te anga waho o te ua hanga i waenganui i a ratou he wāhi epidural ki tonu i te fatty kiko, me te mata venous.

Ritua tuaiwi: he aha te mea te reira?

Ritua tuaiwi - tenei tupu o te tuaiwi (ritua tuaiwi), e maha i kino ake ngaa e te māuiuitanga - hypoplasia o te ua. tīmata tēnei koha ki te faaite mai ano i roto i te tīmatanga o te hapūtanga me te ko te pakaru i roto i te hanganga o te ngongo neural. Ko te ngongo neural - te hanganga o nei ko i te wāhanga i muri mai o te hapūtanga i hanga te kukune te te pūnaha io pokapū - te roro, me te ua. kōrero maha o te tūroro ki te ritua tuaiwi mate hoatu take ki te whakarōpū i etahi momo o māuiuitanga i roto i runga i te pakeke o malformations:

• puka herenga ngawari: moe ritua tuaiwi, meningocele, lipomeningotsele;
• nui: myelomeningocele; myelomeningocele, uaua wairoro.

kitea ritua tuaiwi te i roto i atahanga te kōwarotanga autō nejrosonografii ranei.

whakaatu tatauranga e reira ko he mate i roto i nga kohungahunga 1-2 i roto i te 1000. He ira te māuiuitanga, no te mea pāngia ki runga ki te 8% o fanauraa toutou pito ki ritua tuaiwi. Doctors mea e he reira pea atu ki te puta i roto i ngā tamariki whanau ki te wahine te pakeke. Heoi, puta 95% o ngā pēpi ki te ritua tuaiwi tātaritanga mau metua hauora kore e tukua e nei i te ma'i rite.

momo ngawari o ritua tuaiwi

Hunahuna ritua tuaiwi (huna) - te puka tino ngawari o te mate, hoki i reira he underdevelopment, he āputa iti i roto i te pekehoe. Nuinga maha puta te reira i roto i te lumbar tuaiwi sacral ranei. hipokina ana tēnei māuiuitanga anake te kiko tuarā wheua, me te e kore e pā te hanganga tuaiwi. Kei te tika faaite te mate, a maha e kore whakaatu ano e tohu e kia whakakorikoria i te tangata. He maha tūroro ki tenei mate, me he mōhio o ratou mate. tohu e ngā kite o mate i roto i te hou e taea e te paihere o te makawe, te tikanga iti; putea ngako; korekore he ira i roto i te wahi o te māuiuitanga ranei.

Anake i roto i te wā ruarua (e pā ana ki 1 i roto o 1,000 take he puka ke ana o ritua tuaiwi) arata'i pīari ki raruraru mahi i roto i te mimi, whēkau, uaua ngoikore o nga wahi o raro, ki te curvature o te tuaiwi. he maha ngā o pekehoe o te tuaiwi e te nuinga o tohua i roto i te lekooti hauora o te manawanui, i roto i nei i reira ko te māuiuitanga. Hei tauira, te tomokanga "ritua tuaiwi posterior S1" tohu nga raruraru o te tuatahi pūwaha sacral tuaiwi.

Meningocele - momo ritua tuaiwi, i roto i nei i roto i te tua ki te tupu o wheua wheua taea takotoranga paruru ngāue rite te matakoma capsules ranei i roto i te mokamoka ngā. E mea pinepine, te aho, me te karere tukanga filosilivá kahore pathologies ranei ki hē iti. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, taupokina te capsule e kiri, e conventionally tiaki ona tirotiro. Heoi, titau ara tenei koha iti maimoatanga hāparapara ki te whakatika i hē Paku.

Lipomeningotsele

Lipomeningotsele - he puka o ritua tuaiwi, whakaaro nei te māuiuitanga āhua. I roto i te rongoā, whakarōpūtia te tūkino te rite te symbiosis i hanga hernias filosilivá me lipomas - pukupuku mārire. Tenei tauwhatinga i roto i te hanganga ngongo neural puta i roto i nga ra tuatahi 20 o te hapūtanga. Lipomeningotsele te koha e taea meinga te whanaketanga o pathologies neurological me arata'i ki mate nui o te pūnaha genitourinary, whēkau - puai kiko adipose pēhanga i runga i te ua. Homai te hītori o te tūroro ki te mate lipomeningotsele, e taea te herenga wehea ki ngā rōpū e whā o faaiteraa pathological o te mate:

• kahore disorders neurological, papatoiake, me te orthopedic;
• paresis ngawari o te deformation waewae, waewae;
• tino waimaero nekeneke mahi, curvature o te tuaiwi, disorders papatoiake;
• deformities alangá, nui māuiuitanga papatoiake.

Na reira, ko te anake me te maimoatanga pai mo tenei mate whakaaro te ki kia tonu wawaotanga hāparapara wawe. I roto i te taha ki te pokanga ki te tango peke ngako taea te kawea kirihou kuwaha whaturama.

Myelomeningocele - he puka nui o ritua tuaiwi

Ko te puka tino nui o te mate, i puta i roto i te 75% o nga take katoa o tupu o te pekehoe - myelomeningocele (Cystica ritua tuaiwi). He aha te mea te reira? Encephalocele - he huānga taura e protrudes i roto i te koha i roto i te tuaiwi. I te tahi taime tiakina te capsule ki te ua e te kiri, i roto i te tahi atu te wā, kiko roro ki tupu karere e haere mai i roto i. I roto i tenei puka o te mate he mooni disorders neurological. Ka te tohu o taua disorders kia whakaritea e te pakeke o te koha o te ua, me te wahi filosilivá, i roto i nei puta te tūkino. Ki te pā te mate te mutunga o te ua, te raruraru e pa ana i te pūnaha genitourinary me paru, puta raro pāpāngia e alangá.

E mea pinepine, hernias filosilivá puta i roto i te tuaiwi lumbosacral. take ka whakawhanake māuiuitanga i te taumata o te tuaiwi rei waha ranei, Heoi, tūpono i roto i te mahi hauora. Kia aroha mai, maha haere tahi te koha ngongo neural e tetahi ofatiraa - wairoro ranei Chiari Pākatokato meinga e te pakaru o te hanganga o kōwhao i roto i te waipiro angaanga.

Hydrocephalus ko Chiari Pākatokato

Hydrocephalus (wai i runga i te roro) - he māuiuitanga hua i whakaeminga o inu cerebrospinal i te ventricles o te roro. inu Cerebrospinal - waipiro - Kei te tonu huri i roto i te pūnaha ventricular.

Ka taea te whirihora i te rōrahi hiahiatia o inu cerebrospinal i roto i ara e rua:

• hua pūtau glandular oko i roto i te ventricles roro;
• propotevanie i hanga kia rite ki te hua o te wē toto i roto i te taiepa iaia.

honotanga inu Cerebrospinal i te ventricles ki te roro, me te filosilivá wāhi subarachnoid o te roro. E ngātahi wāhi waipiro Intracranial me filosilivá i roto i te tinana hauora. A, no te he herniated lumbar, i hanga whakawhitiwhiti wairoro. haaputuputuraa o ahu inu ki te nui haere te pēhanga intracranial, e tika ana ki te heke kite, te takanga o hukihuki, strabismus, ngoikore o nga uaua o te topito o runga me raro. hua taua raruraru i roto i te kino disorders neurological, mate o ngā kaha hinengaro, te mate.

Pākatokato Arnold Chiari - he māuiuitanga i roto i i tuku iho ki raro i te amygdala ki te taumata o te pekehoe waha tuatahi, me te tuarua, reira ārai tohanga o te inu cerebrospinal.

maimoatanga hāparapara o myelomeningocele

Ko te ati rahi ki te ora o te hou ki te myelomeningocele ko te whaturama pūwhera āputa me te whiwhi mate i roto ona tirotiro. pōauautanga hopuhopu, decompensation wairoro - te take matua o te tahuti nei tamaiti tiketike, pāngia ki ritua tuaiwi. liquorrhea Kia kitea - mō te inu cerebrospinal - kawea i roto i te pokanga whawhati tata ki te tango i te whaturama tuaiwi.

Ki te rā, te tikanga tino pai ki te whakakore i enei pathologies kua whakamahia pai puta noa i te ao, he reira ki te kawe i roto i tango prenatal o whaturama tuaiwi. Ka mea ahua o te wawaotanga hāparapara ārai te whanaketanga o te wairoro me Chiari Pākatokato i roto i tūroro taitamariki; ki te karo i pōauautanga nui me te ora-te whakawehi, me te pokanga karo muri. hoatu te whawhe i runga tūponotanga o hou mo te taumata tonu o te whanaketanga me te kounga o te ora.

Ki te pokanga fetal wā mo etahi take e kore i kawea atu, haere ki te whakanekeneke pokanga, e normalizes te nui o inu cerebrospinal. Ko te tikanga, kawea tenei mahi i roto i te rua ngā wāhanga. Hauora tuaiwi - institution hauora arotahi kuiti, e te nuinga o te āwhina ki te whakaoti tokomaha o nga raruraru e pā ana ki pathologies tuaiwi.

tātaringa

I roto i te rongoā hou, pāngia ritua tuaiwi i roto i te tīmatanga o te hapūtanga. Na reira, mau metua teuteu whai te wa ki te tātaritanga me te mōhiotanga o te faaineineraa hinengaro mō te whanau ki te āhuatanga. I te tahi atu te ringa ano hoki, i ratou i te wa me te whai wāhi ki te whakatau i runga i te tiaki-kore o te kukune.

I roto i te hapū (16-18 wiki), te mau metua vahine expectant mamae whakamātautau āta, e hāngai ana i runga i te whakamātautau toto. Kei roto i te tikanga i roto i te arowhai i te kukū o te pūmua embryonic, i roto i te akoranga noa o te hapūtanga hua hua i roto i te nui iti. I roto i te aroaro o te pūnaha io koha kukū AFP pokapū nui haere. He āhuatanga mō te whakamātautau. Nā ki te takanga taea o hapa, ka whakamārama i te hua o te tātaritanga kia aru āta ki etahi o nga ture:

• ki te whakatū i te hapūtanga tika tino;
• ki te he āna te hapūtanga, kua reira ki te kia pāngia i roto i te wā.

Ko tētahi atu tikanga o te tātaritanga he ultrasound prenatal whakahaere i etahi wāhanga o te hapūtanga, taea ki te kitea māuiuitanga. Mā tēnei aratuka ki a koutou sioloto te roro, ua, tīwae vertebral me te tātaritanga i roto i te wā. Heoi, e ti'a ia tatou mau i roto i te ngakau e ki hē iti e kore e taea te kitea (huna ritua tuaiwi) pīari.

Amniocentesis - poka, te waikahu - tetahi atu tikanga o te tātaritanga. Rere te reira i roto i te ngira nui, me te tino anake i raro i te mana o te ultrasound. whakamahia tēnei tikanga te ka whakakitea te tātari toto te kukū te taikaha o AFP, me te tātaritanga ultrasonic o pathologies kore tāutuhia. Wai rite toto, whakamatauria hoki kukū pūmua fare, i te taikaha o e tohu te aroaro o raruraru i roto i te whanaketanga o te tīwae tuaiwi.

ārai

O te akoranga, tetahi o te mātanga hauora e taea te kī e te mea nga whakatūpatotanga tika katoa me te ngaro o ngā āhuatanga mōrearea pai-mohiotia i roto i te mau metua hauora whanau te he tamaiti hauora. Kia aroha mai, i ētahi wā i ngä te āhua te kore atu i riro te tangata. Otiia ki te kaha o whaea me matua heke mai te mahi i te mōrahi i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti tūponotanga taea ki te iti me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ia i te tamaiti ki a ritua tuaiwi māuiuitanga tata te kore. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki āraihia.

Ko tētahi o nga mehua matua ki te ārai i te putanga o te tātaritanga hou "ritua tuaiwi" he whakamahere tupato ki te riro hapu. Ki te mahi i tenei, he whaea pea, me te papa i mua ki he tika haputanga ki te tika he whakahauanga he whakamātautau hauora ki te haere mo te kōrero ki iranga. He wahine i roto i te hapū, ko te tika ki te arahi i te āhua noho hauora, kia kia tūpato o te fariiraa i anticonvulsants. Ko waikawa folic ki te whānuitanga e tika ana, i runga i te anga ke, whakaaturia te i roto i tenei wā. I roto i te maha whenua taepū, ko te wāhi matua o te hōtaka tūtohutia i roto i te hapū Health Organization tenei.

Me mahara te reira e te āhuatanga mōrearea mō te mate he whakapapa ira; mate whanau o te wahine i roto i hapūtanga, pērā i kōpukupuku; te pānga o te taiao o waho - radiation, waipiro, taero.

Ko te otinga matua

Ko te kupu, ka whakahoki i te pātai «ritua tuaiwi -? He aha te mea tenei", koe e taea te tīpako ngā matua. Ritua tuaiwi - he māuiuitanga e puta i roto i te utero, i roto i nga wiki tuatahi o te hapūtanga. Ko te ara anake ki te karo i te mate i roto i te tamaiti - te whakamahere i te hapūtanga, ki te whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga e tika ana katoa o kaiwhakaako, te whaea expectant ki te arahi i te āhua noho hauora, ki te hanga ake te kore o te waikawa folic i roto i te tinana.

Ki te mea ka kitea tonu te māuiuitanga, hanga tuku e anake e wāhanga whakawhānau ki te karo i whara ki te ua i roto i te wahi o te kukune i roto i te awa whanau.

Hei tātari i te mate, i reira e he momo o tikanga - whakamātautau toto, tātaritanga ultrasound, amniocentesis. Ki te, Heoi, kitea te ofatiraa me hanga te tātaritanga te, ko reira e tika ana ki te kawe i roto i te pokanga.

tikanga auaha - ko te tango o te māuiuitanga intrauterine. Kei te hoki kawea te reira i roto i pokanga i muri i te whanautanga o te tamaiti - i roto i te ra tuatahi e toru o tona ora. E te ara, e whakapae i roto i te hou ritua tuaiwi taea meinga: filosilivá whaturama, birthmarks depressions ranei i runga i tetahi o nga wahi o te kiri, bun makawe rerekē. O te akoranga, i hanga te tātaritanga whakamutunga kei muri atu akoranga - CT, MRI.

Tei runga i te wāhi filosilivá kua pā o localization, me te pā ana disorders mahi, kua whakarōpūtia te mate ki te marama, me ngā puka taimaha.

puka Ngawari ritua tuaiwi te tikanga e kore e arahi ki hē nui, tūroro ki tenei tātaritanga pāpori taunga. I roto i te take o hē nui - meningomyelocoele - faka'ehi'ehi mei hauātanga e kore e taea e, ara, ki te ko angitu te mahi.

Hauora tuarā - ahua o te tiaki hauora whare, tino nei i roto i ngā ratonga hauora ki te whakarato i te atawhai ki tūroro ki disorders o nga whekau CNS. Na reira, ko te tātaritanga o ritua tuaiwi - e kore te mea he rerenga kōrero reira. Ka taea e me ia e ora.