Roa-momo hypersensitivity: Development Tikanga

Huringa i roto i te susceptibility ranei tauhohenga ki te taonga ke i huaina pāwera (i te Kariki. "Tauhohenga ki ke"). ka haere mai te ingoa "pāwera" ake ki te pūtaiao Austria Clemens Pirke i 1906. te whakaaro ia mā te whakamahi i te wā ki te whakaahua i te mahi o te āhuatanga ngā i runga i te kaiao i te taiao o waho, me matū e whakaongaonga enei mate pāwera, ka karanga allergens.

American allergist R. A. Kuk i 1947 i hanga te whakarōpū tuatahi o mate pāwera. E ai ki tona whakamāramatanga, i reira he he momo hypersensitivity tonu me te momo hypersensitivity whakaroa. Ka te momo muri kia kōrero i roto i te taipitopito i roto i tenei tuhinga. He aha te mea nui, rerekē tino tauhohe hypersensitivity tonu me roa-momo i ia atu.

Ko te rerekētanga matua

hypersensitivity momo Tonu - he tauhohenga ki te antigen e puta i muri i 20-25 meneti i muri i te hui tuarua ki te whakapāwera (antigen). Na te tauhohenga o roa-momo hypersensitivity Ua faaite te reira i kore mua atu i muri i te tahi haora ranei 7-8 ra. I roto i te 1968, i tuhituhi PG Jello ko R. A. Kumbs te pepa pūtaiao, i tika "te whakarōpūtanga hou o mate pāwera." E ai ki tenei whakarōpū e 4 ngā momo taketake o mate pāwera.

mate pāwera

• Momo 1 - anaphylactic, atopic, reaginic. Na roto i te faaiteraa o tenei momo e taea te runga edema angioneurotic, ru anaphylactic, atopic huangō arahau, urticaria.
• Momo 2 - cytotoxic ranei cytolytic ki ona faaiteraa ngā kanisā, anemia hemolytic, rH incompatibility.
• 3 momo - ārai momo matatini Arthus ranei. Tata katoa, me te ko te tauhohenga matua i roto i te mate serum etiology, kaikōiwi, pūnahanaha erimatoznoy lupus. Kei te whanaunga tata enei momo e toru katoa ki te hemagglutinin me no ki te hypersensitivity tonu.
• Momo 4 - roa momo hypersensitivity, āhuatanga counter pūtau tikanga e te mana o te T-lymphocyte antigen-Heller.

sensibilization

tauhohe hypersensitivity momo roa Sensitization Ko te kaiao ki antigens koiora, te huakita, wheori, harore, helminths, hoki antigens horihori me te taiao (matū, taero) ki wehe pūmua. Nuinga mārama i whakaroa hypersensitivity whakautu ki te whakataki o antigens maloimmunogennyh. He horopeta iti o antigens ki runga ki werohia subcutaneous ai te momo hypersensitivity whakaroa. whanaketanga tikanga tauhohe mate pāwera o tenei momo hypersensitivity ko te T-lymphocytes ki antigens Heller. заставляет выделяться вещества, например, интерлейкин-2, которые активизируют макрофаги, происходит гибель антигена, вызвавшего сенсибилизацию лимфоцитов. Hypersensitivity tohaina hanga lymphocytes taonga, hei tauira, interleukin-2, e whakahohe macrophages, puta antigen mate piri sensitization o lymphocytes. ngā ano T lymphocytes he tikanga tiaki i nei huakita e patua, wheori hātare ranei.

Tenei puka o sensitization kite i te plurality o ngā mate hopuhopu pērā i te mate kohi, pakewakewa, brucellosis, diphtheria, mycoses, helminthiasis me etahi, me te i roto i te uhi makanga.

tauira

Ko te tauira tino kitea o taua tauhohe ko te tuberculin whakamātautau kiri Mantoux. Ki te te tangata i roto i tona tinana, ko te Bacillus tuberculous, tomo tuberculin intradermally, i hanga na 24-48 haora i te induration pae werohia 10-15 mm whewhe i roto i te pokapū.

E whakaatu ana whakamātautau Histological e urutomo titoa te nuinga o lymphocytes me ngā pūtau raupapa monocyte-macrophage.

Anera

I roto i wā onge te kore o te whakautu. huaina tenei ko te anergy, arā, ki te kore o te tauhohenga whakaohooho.

аллерген, попадая в организм, гибнет. puta anergy pai ka tomo te allergen te tinana, mate. I roto i tenei take, e kore e te mumura puta.

puta anergy tōraro ka kore e taea tiakina te tinana ano, tohu e te ngoikore takitahi. Ko te take mo te kore o te whakautu, kia ranei te mea whakaiti paku kitea i roto i te maha o T-lymphocytes takahi o ratou mahi ranei, ano e taea te meinga te reira e te nui haere mahi o T-suppressors.

Paraallergiya me pseudoallergy

«парааллергия» и «псевдоаллергия». He ariā o "paraallergiya" me "tupurangi-mate pāwera". при диагностировании инфекционных болезней, выражающихся аллергическими реакциями. puta ratou i roto i te tātaritanga o ngā mate hopuhopu, faaite tauhohe mate pāwera.

Paraallergiya - ina tauhohe te tinana pangia ki allergens ōrite, hei tauira, tali he TB pangia ki te mycobacteria mohiotia.

Tupurangi-pāwera - he mate pāwera, hei tauira, tuberculin i te mate ki te kanisā.

atamira mate pāwera

I roto i te wā mate pāwera 3 whakaahua ana te takahanga o:

1. atamira immunological. иммунной системы. I tenei wā, nga whakarerekētanga katoa o te pūnaha ārai mate. I roto i te whakapāwera tinana herea ki paturopi me lymphocytes hypersensitive.
2. atamira Pathochemical. которые образуются в результате присоединения аллергена с антителами и гиперчувствительными лимфоцитами. I tenei wā i roto i te hanganga o ngā pūtau o kaitakawaenga (matū bioactive), monokines, lymphokines, e kua hanga e e tua o te whakapāwera ki paturopi me lymphocytes hypersensitive.
3. atamira Pathophysiological. I tenei wā, te mate, ko te whare hauora whakakitea. Tenei tupu no te mea i puta mai i te kaitakawaenga pānga te waipiro i runga i te kopa o te tinana. I tenei wā i reira e huamo, minamina, mamae o uaua maeneene, me ētahi atu disorders circulatory.

Enei kaupae whakatau te roa-momo hypersensitivity.

maimoatanga

Tenei Ko tetahi o nga take uaua tino. kia kawea therapy i marama i te maimoatanga o te momo tonu hypersensitivity, arā he hypersensitivity roa-momo - .. He mumura ārai.

directionality

kia Treatment kia whakahaua ki te wāhi therapy inflammatory immunological me neutralization o te tukumate. Na ano, kia tīmata therapy ki te ture whānui mō te maimoatanga o mate pāwera. Kia tino ki te mau i te kai hypoallergenic. I roto i te maimoatanga o tenei momo hypersensitivity noho te wahi maimoatanga etiological motuhake e hāngai e te i te take o te mate.

Momo o roa-momo hypersensitivity. ratou maimoatanga

Kei te wehewehea tenei momo o te hypersensitivity ki whakapā, tuberculin me granulomatous, kia kia kia hāngai maimoatanga i te momo ngā.

• puta Whakapā hypersensitivity ka tauhohe i ki matū (konukurahina, nika, resins rakau, mēkuri, me ētahi atu), Drugs, tipu paitini. I tua atu ki te maimoatanga tuatahi o mate pāwera, whakapā hypersensitivity ato'a whakaritea taunekeneke maimoatanga paipa ai mate pāwera, therapy hāngai ana ki te tango o te mumura, UV-irradiation.
• pā ana hypersensitivity Tuberculin ki te tātaritanga me te huaina tuberculin ranei antigens rite, e kore e reira e rapu maimoatanga.
• puta hopuhopu hypersensitivity roa ka microorganisms sensitization meinga mate hopuhopu pērā i te mate kohi, pakewakewa, brucellosis, Anthrax, gonorrhea, infestations pirinoa. arotahi maimoatanga o te mate pāwera hopuhopu kei i runga i te whakangaromanga o tukumate mate.
• hypersensitivity pāwera ki pūmua wairewa puta ina ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate, i roto i nei e kore e te tinana tango pūhui proteinaceous pērā i te waiu, ika, te hēki, te nati, i ngā rekiumu me etahi pūmua roto i te pata. maimoatanga whai hua i te kai katia kai katoa e meinga mate pāwera.
• hypersensitivity Autoimmune - he ka hua o te tinana te kopa ake me ngā pūtau tairongo ake paturopi, e ko te take o mate pāwera. E rua ngā momo o te mate pāwera autoimmune.

Tuatahi - Ko tenei ka kore e pakaru mahi ārai, engari i reira autoallergens e ai wātea i te mate waimaero. Tuarua - ka homai te pūnaha ārai mate kore, e kore e matau te wahi ratou pūmua, me te wahi manene, na whakapono ia e ko he allergen tenei. He symptomatic Treatment ka kawea i roto i pathogenetic, e ngā i roto i te whakamahi o immunosuppressants. Ko corticosteroids te nuinga tenei.

transplantation hypersensitivity - he whakangaromanga o te tinana ke tāmau i roto i te tinana. Ka taea e te ārai taua mate pāwera kia he kōwhiringa pai o te kaituku, me te tautapa rerekē taero immunosuppressive ki tautāwhi i te pūnaha ārai mate.

Ko te kupu, tauhohe o te momo hypersensitivity roa he mahu'inga taimaha. I te ngakau o te tikanga hypersensitivity tauhohe he mumura, e tauturu te awhina o mate i roto i nga wāhi pānga me te whakatū o te pūnaha ārai mate hauora.