Sentimentalism i roto i te tuhinga, ona āhuatanga matua me ngā māngai

huaina te wā "sentimentalism" (tūtohutanga) i roto i te toi o te whakaaro kei te fakamamafa'i te niu aronganui o ngā momo katoa o te ora. kanohi Sentimentalism i roto i te tuhinga e te whakatupuranga katoa o rua kaitoi Western me Russian o te kupu, ahakoa te meka e te wā o tona roa te wa poto ngā - i te 18 wawe ki te tīmatanga te rau tau 19. Ko te wāhi o te momo tuhituhi ko te Basileia United. Ko konei i te mutunga o te tekau tau tuarua o te rau tau 18 whanau i a ka wātea ki te kaipānui whānui "Four Seasons" e James Thomson. Tenei mahi tuhi ngā o te maha rotarota mua kaperuatia homai ki te iwi te aroha o te ao huri noa ratou. heheu ia pehepehe ki te kaipānui te ao faahiahia o te kikorangi tuawhenua, me te ataahua o whenua whenua.

ka mau a Thomson te tukapaku, kaituhi English Thomas Kerei i roto i tona Elegy "Rural Cemetery". tamata hoki te kaituhi ki te anaanatae i te kaipānui he whakaahuatanga o te natura, ki te whakaarahia taku e aroha i roto ia ranei i te iti rawa aroha mo te kainga iwi noa ohie, e ora noa, me te mahi pakeke mo te pai o te whānau me te whenua. î mahi katoa te whakaaro huritao Grey i runga i te ora o te iwi tuawhenua, e homai ana e ia he huru whakaaro, me te melancholic. Sentimentalism i roto i te tuhinga noa'i te e pā ana ki te ingoa o Laurence Sterne ( "hoê mana'ona'oraa Journey") ko Hamuera Richardson ( "Clarissa Harlowe"). e kore te tuarua tuhituhi e pā ana ki te āhua, te tikanga o tona mahi, ko te ki te whakaahua ngā pūāhua tangata, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki o ratou tāngata nō rātou te whakarau. Richardson i totoa hanga i roto i te wa e tika ana te hapori Ingarihi runga katoa aue ka manukanuka, te aroha, me te kino ki nga pūāhua matua o ana mahi.

Sentimentalism i roto i te tuhinga French e pā ana ki te mahi auaha Zhana Zhaka Rousseau ko Jacques de Saint-Pierre. I raro i te mana o te huru hoê mana'ona'oraa o kaituhi Ingarihi hanga taua mahi rite "te Life o Marianne", "New Eloise", "Paora et Virginie". I roto i te pūrākau o nga kaituhi French o te rau tau waenganui-18 te nuinga e te huinga o ngā pūāhua hoê mana'ona'oraa mana'oo ki te puipuitua o ataahua tūturu: pāka tāone, ngā roto ngahere me awa. Rawa tawhiti i roto i ona haereerenga tuhituhi mai de Saint-Pierre, te neke pūrākau te pūāhua matua 'Paora et Virginie' i tawhiti Awherika ki te Tonga. Ko te kaipānui o ana mahi puta te tokorua i roto i te aroha te iwi taitamariki e noho atu i te kohupara tāone me te arepurepu, anake ki tona āhua wahine me mau mana'o haavare ore.

Sentimentalism i roto i te tuhinga Russian faaite ake anake i roto i te tekau tau whakamutunga o te rau tau 18, ka faauruhia e te mahi o Goethe, Richardson me Russo Nikolay Karamzin tuhi tona "Letters o te Traveler Russian". Me kï reira e i roto i te heke mai i kitea Karamzin he ta tatini, e rua i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 19, ka maha nga tau i muri mai. Tona mahi "Poor Liza" Ko te faahiahia tino o te tuhi hoê mana'ona'oraa Russian. riro Kōrero o te rawakore, tinihangatia tangata kotiro nga ngakau o nga mano maha o kaipānui. tuhituhi Alexander Izmailov, faauruhia e te pūrākau, i te 1801 tana "Poor Masha", Ivan Svechinskaya - "Henrietta" (1802). Ko te āhuatanga matua o te sentimentalism Russian he:

• te fifi o te hiahia taikaha, te predominance o ongo'i mo te whakaaro o te tangata;
• te momonatanga o te ao i roto o te pūāhua matua;
• fafauraa ki te mau mana'o teitei o te marohirohi, ratou rapu tonu mō mana'o tūturu.

Ko te whakaaro o te tuhi tǎpǔhia Russian i ki te waihanga i tētahi reo whiti, i mahara ki te whakakapi i te reo tawhito, me te roa-tärewatanga iho izzhivshemu aristocrats. Kia aroha mai Waimarie ranei, e kore tenei i tupu. Na roto i te 1820, pau rawa sentimentalism Russian iho a kua noho ona whāinga ta'efakahoko.

I teie mahana, e rave rahi hītori me hītori toi ahu ki te whakapono e ko kaupapa tuhituhi hoê mana'ona'oraa anake te wā e haere i roto i te whanaketanga o te tuhinga ao i roto i te whānui. Sentimentalism i tuhinga o te rau tau pokapū o-18 ko te atamira whakawhiti i Classicism ki romanticism. Hoko mutunga tikanga, kua hemo ia ano, ko te kupu te whakatuwhera i te ara mo te hou au tuhituhi.