Shewhart Deming-huringa whakahaere o production kaupae

rapu Whakahaere ki te whakawhanake i whai hua te whakahaere o ngā tukanga whakaputa me te kounga hua. He maha ngā huarahi ki te whakaoti i tēnei raruraru. Te whakaatu i kaituhi o te ariā o tonu tukanga whakapai ake e Walter Shewhart ko William Deming huringa whakahaere mohiotia nei te katoa i runga i te ao. whakaaro ratou e, ahakoa te rerekētanga nui i roto i te hanga, ko te taua hoki ngā pūnaha katoa te raupapa o ngā mahi. Korerotia mai ki a matou e pā ana ki te mauri o tenei ariā me pehea ki te faaohipa i tenei tauira i roto i te mahi.

Ko te ariā o te whakahaere production

Organization o te tukanga, te pānga i runga i ngā rerekē i huaina mana. tukanga whakahaere puta kore anake i roto i te wāhi mahi, kua ki te whakarite i to ratou oraraa, te tango i te whānui o rongoā momo ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga tangata ia. Na reira, whakahaere - ko reira he taua whānuitanga whanui, i te mea tawhiti tua atu te hōkai o te hanga i te hua, te ratonga rānei e. Ko te whakaaro W. Deming huringa whakahaere e e whakaaro tatou, ko e vai te whakahaere i roto i tata katoa ngā wāhanga o te mahi a te tangata, a ka whai ratou i te akoranga noa o te mahi. Tetahi mana e pā ana ki te kohinga me te tukatuka o ngā mōhiohio, te whakatau kaupapa, ngā tukanga ruruku, matakite, aroturuki me te aro mātai o te whai huatanga. Kei te whai whakaaro te whakahaere Modern maha tukanga, tae atu production, rite kaupapa. Na he huanga faufaa o tetahi kaupapa ko te kounga. I roto i tenei hononga, i reira te mea he wāhi motuhake pērā i te whakahaere kounga.

Ko te parau tumu taketake o te whakahaere kounga

I roto i tetahi poi o production whakaurua tenei ra te pūnaha whakahaere kounga i roto i runga i ngā paerewa o te ao. E hāngai ana ratou i whakarite i te kounga pūmau o te taonga ranei ratonga e whakaratohia ana. hāngai ana te whakahaere Kounga kei i runga i te torutoru parau tumu. Ko ētahi o ēnei he arotahi ki runga i te kiritaki me ana hiahia, whai wāhi me te hihiri o ngā kaimahi, e hāngai ana te whakatamarikitanga o ngā whakataunga kiko i runga i ngā meka, te matenga o te ārahitanga me te whakapai tonu. Ko reira e pā ana ki te whakatinanatanga o te parau tumu muri, me te whakaata i te kairangahau nei i hanga te huringa o Deming me Shewhart. Kounga whakapai ake ko te whāinga tūturu o ia whakahaere. hipokina ana e ia ngā taumata katoa o te hinonga i takitahi ki te matenga, te taiao mahi me te hua oti. Hei whakapai ake taea te whakamahi i te kounga tetahi o e rua tikanga: he pakaruhanga me āta. tutuki tēnei i roto i te whakataki o Waeine, tātari me te inenga, me te arotautanga me kumi.

ariā Shuharata

American kaitohutohu whakahaere pūtaiao rongonui Uolter Shuhart i te 1930 hohonu e tūhura ana ngā take o te mana te kounga o ngā hua ahumahi. Tona mahi i runga i te rārangi arowhai, i ko te tikanga o te whakatika i te mātakitaki o te pūmautanga me te predictability o tetahi tukanga, kua meinga he taahiraa nui i roto i te whanaketanga whakahaere. Hoki nga tau maha kohia e ia raraunga tauanga ki te aroturuki tukanga production. Na ko te tihi o tona mahi pūtaiao te koropiko mana Deming-Shewhart. I roto i ana pukapuka, whakatika ia te tikanga tauanga o te kounga mana pūmautanga o tukanga whakaputa me hua whakamutunga. I roto i te whakahaere o Shewhart tāutu e toru ngā wāhanga matua: te whanaketanga o ngā o tohutoro me ngā whakaritenga mo te tuku o ngā hua i mua nei, production i roto i runga i te whakatakotoranga, whakaū o te kounga hua me ona hanganga ture ki te tawhā i tohua. I muri mai liliu tenei pūtaiao kaupapa ki te tauira o 4 kaupae:

1. hoahoa Hua.
2. Hanga Hua me te whakamātautau i roto i te taiwhanga.
3. Whakarewa Hua.
4. Taki hua i roto i te mahi, te aro mātai kiritaki.

W. Shewhart e whakaarohia he tikanga tukanga rite te hua tino i roto i te whakahaere. Ana whakaaro i te mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te ariā whakahaere.

Ko te ariā o Deming

ka mau whatupango W. Shewhart Uilyam Edvards Deming ki te whakamahine me te whakapai ake i tona ariā. Ko ia te kaihanga o te ariā me te tikanga whakahaere whānui o te katoa te whakahaere kounga. Deming tuturu te tirohanga e te whakapai ake i te kounga o te kamupene e tika ana ki te whakapai ake i roto i ngā wāhi e toru: production, kaimahi me ngā hua. Hoki rite ki te hua o nga tau o te rangahau i reira ko tetahi pūnaha o Tapeke Kounga Whakahaere, e pā nei te matua ki te whanaketanga o Deming. Ko te huringa o te kounga whakapai ake, kia rite ki te kaiputaiao, e kore mutunga, a ka kua te pūāhua porohita. tāutuhia e ia e rua tikanga whakapai ake pakihi nui: kounga (whakapai ake o te hanga, te whakangungu kaimahi , etc ...), ka te kounga whakapai ake. E ai ki te pūtaiao, e kore anake ki te mau tonu i te taumata tika o te kounga, e hiahia ana koe ki te feinga tonu ki te whakapai ake i tona taumata. Deming huringa whakahou Kei roto nga takahanga o te āhua rerekē. Enei ko: whakamahere, te whakatinanatanga, te whakamātau, me te mahi. Kia whakaaro tatou nga āhuatanga o ia wāhanga i roto i te taipitopito.

whakamahere

Matua huringa Shewhart-Deming ngā te taahiraa nui, te whanaketanga e rua hua me te hanga hoahoa. E ai ki kairangahau, tonu me kaipakihi whakapai ake whakamahere hua. A mo tenei ki whakaturia whāinga hou, ki te arotake i ngā rauemi, ki te hanga i te mahere pai o te mahi ki te whakarite kaihaka me kati. I tenei wā, ko te mea nui ki te kitea te raruraru me o ratou otinga. Hei kitea ruma mo te whakapai ake, ko te mea e tika ana ki te tātari āta te āhuatanga, te tukanga o te hanga, te mākete. ka tauturu i te kaupae tātari kitea pūmanawa mō te whakapai ake. Ano hoki, i tenei wā, kumea ake mahere taipitopito mō te whakapainga i hanga hanga rautaki. He mahere kounga taea ki te whakarato mō te rahurahu, me te takoto he tūāpapa mō te mahi.

mahia

Whakatinanatanga o te mahere - he wahi nui o te whakahaere. Porohita Deming tā te tohatoha o te taahiraa mana kounga motuhake o te taahiraa "mahi". I tenei wā, taunaki Deming e koutou te tuatahi tīmata te whakatinanatanga o te hapu i runga i te tauine iti, i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai parekura nui-tauine i te hui o te kore. I roto i te whakatinana mahere ko reira nui ki te whai i āta nga tohutohu me ngā whakaritenga whakawhanakehia. Ko te kaiwhakahaere me āta aroturuki o te mahi i roto i ia taahiraa tukanga, ki te ū ki te whakaritenga katoa. I roto i te ariā o tēnei wā o Deming Engari whakamātautau, whakamātautau, nui atu i te production papatipu. E kore e te whakarewatanga o te raupapa rapu rangatira rite nui aro, ko te rōnihi tuatahi - he tino nui. kia te kaiwhakahaere 100% tino e kua whakaute hangarau katoa, no te mea te mea he taurangi o te kounga.

tirohanga

Kia whakarewahia production papatipu i, tūtohu kaipūtaiao ki te whakahaere i te ako tātaritanga. Deming huringa tātari Kei te taahiraa nui i roto i nei ki te hiahia arotake e founga ki te tukanga tamata ki te kitea pūmanawa hou mō te kounga whakapai ake. Ko reira tika hoki ki te aromātai i te āhuatanga o te tirohanga o te hua, te ratonga ranei i te kiritaki. Ki te mahi i tenei, te kawe i te whakamātautau, ngā rōpū arotahi, me te tātaritanga o te urupare kiritaki. Ano hoki, i tenei wā, ko reira tino ki te kawe i roto i te tātaritanga o ngā tukanga, me ratou hanganga ki paerewa hangarau. I tua atu, haere reira aro mātai o ngā kaimahi, kawea atu mana kounga o te mahi o ngā kaimahi me te hanga o te tohu mahi matua (KPI). Ki te kitea e te reira tetahi ine i te tawhā i whakaritea, ka whakahaere rapu mo nga take mo tenei.

mahi

Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga o te huringa Deming - ko te whakakorenga o nga maumaui kitea me tōnounoú. I tenei wā, ki te tango kaupae taea katoa i roto i te tikanga ki te whiwhi i te kounga whakaritea. hanga ano he tuhinga i tuhituhia me te whakatōpū o nga hua i roto i te puka o ngā me ngā tohutohu. Deming huringa, nga takahanga o e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o QC tā te nekehanga porohita. Na reira, i muri e whakakorea nga tōnounou katoa me ngā o te parekura kounga taea, kia hoki mai ano ki te taumata tuatahi me te timata ki te titiro mō ngā whai wāhitanga hou ki te whakapai ake. Kei te whakamahia tika te huringa wheako hua i runga i te tahuri muri, e tauturu te reira whakaiti i te utu, me te whakapai ake i te kounga hua.

Ko te mau parau tumu matua o Deming

Deciphering tona ariā, formulates te kaipūtaiao, he maha o mau marôraa, e te hunga kua huaina "Ngaahi Tefito'i Mo'oni o Deming." hāngai huringa Improvement ki runga ki a ratou, a ka puta mai i roto i o ratou. Te mau parau tumu tino nui ko te whai ake:

- Ko te tamau o te whakaaro. kounga whakapai ake, kia rite ki te whāinga tino kia wā kia tutuki e rua i roto i te rautaki, me te tātai.

- Head Ko fakatāutaha kawenga mo te kounga.

- e kore e waiho nui te uo te Kounga, Me hanga te reira ki te pūnaha rawa o te whakaputa.

- Me kia āta tika, me te kiko Fakangatangatá me ngā mahi.

- He mea tika ki te whakatenatena i te ngākau nui o ngā kaimahi ki te whakangungu, ki te whakahihiri kaimahi ki te whakapai ake i ō rātou pūkenga.

- Te whakapai ake i te kounga kia wahi o te misioni, me te rapunga whakaaro o te kamupene, a runga ake ana muimuí katoa ki te riro kaiwhakahaere.

- kia taea ki te kia whakakake o ratou mahi kaimahi.

I muri, e hāngai ana i runga i enei mau marôraa i whakatakoto nga parau tumu matua o te pūnaha kounga ao.

huringa Taupānga Shewhart-Deming

i te ingoa Model Deming-Shewhart "Porohita PDCA», mātātoa whakamahia i roto i ngā mahi whakahaere hou. Deming Cycle, tauira o e taea te kitea i roto i te whakahaere o te mahi tata katoa corporations nui o te ao, ko te taputapu e mōhiotia ana mō te whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā hua. Nuinga tino a ngā wā katoa, i whakaaetia tenei ariā i roto i te whakahaere Japanese. mohio a Deming te i roto i te whenua kia rite ki te hero motu, kua riro ia rave rahi tohu, tae atu ki ngā ringa o te Hiha. Hoki i roto i Japan, ka u ai he tohu ko Deming. I roto i te tīmatanga o te rautau 21, kua kaha whakamahia te ariā i roto i te whakahaere Russian, ko reira te pūtake mo te whanaketanga o ngā paerewa kounga ao, me te motu.