Sturmovik "kamaka" Su-25: whakaahuatanga, ngā, whakaahua

Events i roto i Hiria me whai wāhi i roto i te rōpū rangi Russian kumea ana whakarongo ki te papa hangarau o to tatou Air Force. E riro te reira arorau ki te amo i taua e kia whai wāhi i roto i te rererangi tino hou, rite te hōia te ine nui iti ki te misioni i roto i te whenua ke. I roto i te ngā waka rererangi, tae atu i te hou, kua unu whakarongo ki te Su-25 whakakitea ano 'Grach' ara i roto i te pakanga Afghan. He aha te mea te reira? Kei te mohiotia tenei mīhini mo ona huru maitatai whawhai e pā ana ki ona pakiwaitara.

Ko te putanga o te ariā

Ko te hiahia mo te taua he mīhini hōia Soviet ite i roto i te hawhe tuarua o te 60raa. Ko te tauira tino rongonui o te taputapu rere o te USSR Air Force i taua wa i pai whawhai rererangi mig-21, mig-23, mig-19, Su-7B me Yak-28. whakahekea etahi o ratou i roto i te mahi i roto i te huaki i te whawhai i runga i te tūranga o te hoariri whakataruna, engari ara ka he mārama tohunga e i roto i te mau te whawhai, e kore ai e te mau hopearaa o taua aro rangi rite mīharo. Ko te meka ko e mo ona maitai katoa, i hanga tenei tikanga mo te tahi atu mahi. Te nuinga o ratou i matau, retrofit kotaha waho mō te atu patu o te piha haapiiraa "rangi-whenua". Heoi, i reira nga stormtroopers (hei tauira, te taua Su-7B), engari te whanaketanga tere o te rangi korero taumata aho-mua i roto i te puni o hoariri pea kihai i faauru nui anaanatae. Ko te Vietnam War, i hoatu he faingamālie ahurei ki te ako i te wheako o te kaiurungi American (maha pouri) me te tāutu i te whakapakoko whānui o te tirohanga rererangi ngā mahi tautoko whenua.

Whakatau i o ngā whakaritenga whakatakotoranga

I roto i te 1969, e rave rahi bureaus hoahoa rererangi, tae atu i te tino rongonui (Mikoyan, Yakovlev, Ilyushin, Sukhoi), i karangatia ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whakataetae mo te kaupapa pai o te tautoko rauhanga rererangi. enei tari katoa a ratou ake kāhua, me ngā wheako kura, tae atu te hunga whiwhi i roto i te Pakanga nui Patriotic. I roto i te mutunga o nga thirties ko tetahi atu atu i te SV Ilyushin kua hanga he whakaeke rererangi pai IL-2, e mau ana i roto i tenei mahi ngā whawhai. Na i reira ki te hoahoa te tahi mea rite tenei, engari ki te wa jet hou. Te manureva, kia rite ki te ope, kia whai i te mau huru e whai ake nei:

• kaha ki te whai wāhi tōtika ki te ope whenua i runga i te whare matakitaki o te whawhai whenua;
• ki te mahi i te misioni whawhai huri noa i te karaka, me te i raro i tetahi aritanga, ara te kore;
• Tūhuarere;
• te toitü tiketike faaite e te counteraction kaha o te pupuhi hoariri;
• firepower nui me te momo o patu täoro, tae atu tiketike-pū;
• kia āhua ohie, undemanding ki tikanga whakahaere, me te ngāwari ki te whakahaere i te waka rererangi.

i toa te whakataetae i Sukhoi, whakaekea ana e ia he huahua manureva T-8, i meinga te tauira o te waka rererangi whawhai Armoured "Grach" Su-25.

Kotahi tekau nga tau o te mahi

Kahore he hiahia ki te kōrero i roto i te taipitopito e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te hoahoa i te rererangi. Tona te wakarererangi tuatahi i te reira i roto i 1975 (Test Pilot - Ilyushin), me he mahere mō te hanga rangatū (Tbilisi Aircraft Manufacturing) te whai ake i haaputuhia. mahi tetahi tau e wha i runga i te hoahoa whakamutunga, a i roto i te putanga 1979 timata. arahina te kaupapa kei te M. P. Simonov me O. Samoylovich. Ko te Su-25 'Grach "whakakitea mahi faahiahia na i whai wāhi tonu ia i roto i ngā mahi whawhai i runga i nga kawanatanga o Afghanistan, he kupu mahi whakamātautau i raro i ngā āhuatanga whawhai tūturu.

hoahoa

I te mata, tenei manureva ata noho, te mea e rave rahi "hake" silhouette, meinga e tank wahie nuinga kei muri te pailati, engari he kākā te mana'o. Su-25 'Grach "hanga i runga i te kaupapa Pālesi tikanga. Vysokoraspolozhennoe parirau, haru ai takere. he hoki huruhuru kahore rerekē ki tetahi pūtakenga. Wing roa, he wāhi katoa o te 30 sq. m, ki te ola iti. Kahore he mea maere i roto i tenei: te Su-25 'Grach "- rererangi whakaeke subsonic, tere nui e kore te reira e hiahiatia. E nehenehe te reira stably ruku i te matenga o te 30 nekehanga i 700 km / h. Tricycle taunga taputapu, ngā ihu haereere i roto i te tikanga ki te kore e pokanoa ki te pū. Fuel tāke o rima: e rua i roto i nga rererangi, kei tetahi i roto i te wāhanga pokapū me rua atu i roto i te takere. E hangaia ratou hoki e toru taranata o karahīni. Te hanganga whakaratohia whakapuru rua atu ipu pa. I roto i te whānui, he mawhiti tuatahi "Grach" Su-25 - he rererangi tikanga, kahore mamae. puta merekara i runga i te tirohanga ofi o ona āhuatanga.

he kaha Haana

ahua ariā ki te whanaunga tawhiti o te IL-2 Ko te kaha ki te mahi i altitudes iti i raro i te ahi i te pū anti-rererangi, me te pea pūnaha rangi korero tākirirangi. Na taea te tu i te manureva i enei āhuatanga kino, i tino uaua kaihoahoa. SU-25 "kamaka" - Armoured whakaeke subsonic - ngā o neke atu i te 7% o tona papatipu tapeke o nga tikanga tiaki hāngū. I roto i ngā pā tenei ki te pairati. Muri ona pukupuku parahi headrest, mua - mārama triplex 6.5-inihi broneblok, a ki runga ki te taha - te Titanium taimaha-ohipa. Tōtika tiaki wāhanga faufaa me hahi, ngā pūnaha tāriterite. Ko te mahi tino uaua noa "Stinger" hinga te Su-25 'Grach ". ka hoki Soviet Armoured rererangi whawhai subsonic ki airfields ki pinepine o rua matā, a ētahi wā ki te engine vyvorochennye i runga i tetahi toe.

firepower

Home mana whakamate o tenei rererangi whawhai whakanohoia i raro i nga rererangi, i tekau knots whakatārewatanga waho. Waru o ratou e hangaia mō semitones papatipu. kawenga whawhai Tapeke - 4.4 m hoki whakarite, kawe e AN-26 i runga i te poari e pā ana ki 6 toni o utanga .. Tau o patu mo te whakamahi i te rangi, tae te ahua o 32, a taea te eke te reira i runga i pylons i roto i te momo o ngā, tae atu arahina me unguided missiles hangaia ki te whakangaro i ngā taumata whenua me te rangi, poma o ngā momo katoa o waka tauā ki te napalm (500 kg) me te pākākano pū iri. He he ano hoki te ërä hanga-i roto i te rua-oko pū Maunga 30mm (GSH-30). Ko reira ara uaua ki te whakatau i runga i te āhua o ki tika karanga te Su-25 'Grach "ranei" tank e rere "? E kore te mea te rite i roto i te manakohia o te whenua "hoa".

Tiaki e pā ana ki te pairati

I roto i te kaiurungi nui Patriotic maha mate stormtroopers. Pāngia tikanga motuhake o te mahi whawhai, teitei iti me te kore o catapults. Seat K-36L, rite rawa nei te ki "kamaka" Su-25, ka whakaora i te pairati, ara, ki te hiahia ratou ki te waiho i te motokā i te kore teitei i te tere o nga mano o kiromita ia haora. Kia ara kia te reira mauri (hei tauira, ite kikī ana whakapehapeha), i roto i nei take i akina te mahi warea a ka he tūranga pūmau i roto i te wāhi e whakaritea aunoa. I tua atu, i te ora o te pairati e pupuri ana te patu kua whakahuatia ki te nui rawa o te haumaru. e kore hoki te wa katoa o te mahi, tae atu i roto i ngā āhuatanga whawhai, e tika ana ki te mate o te pairati i te rangi kua ngaro tetahi o te Su-25 'Grach ". whakaeke Haana te tu noa i te hit tika e te anga pū.

I roto i te whawhai

"I hanga e ia tona tuatahi" tenei manureva, rite whakahuatia i roto i tenei tuhinga, i roto i nga rangi wera o Afghanistan. Ki te i te timatanga o te pakanga ite te Soviet Air Force āhua haumaru, ka e nga waenganui-eighties, riro nga hoia Mujahideen i tona "hoa American" pūnaha kawe rangi korero, e nui haafifi e rua transportation me te mahi o te misioni whawhai. Otiia, kaiurungi, kua hanga e waru nga tau whakamätau te Su-25 'Grach' o te whawhai e pā ana ki 60,000 putaputa, ia o nei kua tino whai hua kua. Ko te take mō ngā reiti tiketike ka pūnaha kitenga ahipi-17BTS-8, e whakarato ana tika o hit, a he tokomaha atu wāhanga Avionics hanga i roto i tae atu ki te whakamahi o te hangarau taiaho. whakatangihanga a te wāhi nui me te rore wera, faaoaoaraa "wero" o rererangi, - e whānuitia ratou whakamahia i roto i te tahi atu rererangi Soviet i runga i te rere i runga i te whare tapere Afghan o ngā mahi. ngaro te MAORI 23 rererangi "huaki i runga i te shooting iho o" Pine 2800 haora (e te he rota). kawea Aircraft "Grach" Su-25 i roto i 139 whakarewa nui-pū missiles arahina i runga i te ngā ātete Mujahideen, a tae noa rua o ratou te whāinga.

kua meinga Stormtrooper te matua "workhorse" i roto i te pakanga Chechen tuatahi (1994-1996), i roto i tenei wā, koperea nga militants iho wha wae. Tona whai nui ki te wāhanga tuarua o te pakanga, i muri i nei i roto i te whenua te mutunga i te rangimarie.

mahi Excellent, tika me te tapatahi o te rererangi wāhi ki tona deliveries noa atu. Ko ia i roto i te mahi ki te maha nga whenua, tae no ki te Warsaw Pact. He pouri te reira, engari ko te pānuitanga pai mo te rererangi hōia ko tona whai wāhi i roto i pakanga rohe, e i te mutunga o XX me timatanga o rau tau XXI nui. i whawhai te whawhai Soviet i roto i Angola (1975-2002), Iraq (1980-1988), Tajikistan (1992-1997), Abkhazia (1992-1993), Karabakh (1991-1994), te Congo, Etiopia (1998-2000), Makeronia ( 2001), ano i roto i Iraq (1991), me te tahi atu "wahi wera". rārangi Pouri i roto i 2014 tonu Ukraine.

Mua o te ratonga roa

I roto i te "kaume'a nui" ki te Hononga o Amerika, ko te ahua o "utu o wheako" hoia o nga superpowers e rua, i roto i nei i ratou i te whai wāhi ki te whakatairite i ngā tauira o patu rerekē. I roto i ngā, i taea ki te aromatawai i te taea o rere o te Su-25 'Grach "te kaiurungi US. kaiurungi taukei nei maha nga tau i i mahi i roto i te US Air Force, arahina ki te ahuareka oti i te manureva Tiro unsightly, i tahuri atu ki te kia tino watea ki te whakahaere i. Ahakoa te tau anō o te whanaketanga me te whakamutunga tūturu o tona production, e kore te whawhai pau ona taea. I tēnei wā, ko te Air Force ko Navy o te Russian Federation i ohipa e pā ana ki 240 "Rooks" o ngā akatuke'anga. I tua atu, ki nga ope patu o te tahi atu āhua i roto i kore hohoro tonoa ia ki te tūranga. Te nuinga o ratou i roto i Peraruhia (e pā ana ki te rau) me Ukraine (35), ko o ratou kaiurungi hōia te whakamätau i te whenua tatini. Mai 1999, kawea ana e ia i roto i ao hou hohonu o te papa hangarau o te Russian Air Force, tae atu i te Su-25 'Grach ". ka kia Russian Armoured rererangi whawhai subsonic i roto i te taviniraa noa i te iti rawa 2020.