Tāke Tiamana "Tiger": te āhuatanga hangarau o te whakamātautau pūrere, tauira, whakaahua, ahi. Ka rite ki werohia patu Soviet te German tank T-6 "Tiger"?

Te tikanga, kua whai wāhi nei i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao i runga i ngā taha e rua o te mua, ētahi wā atu e mōhiotia me "kēnana" atu i ara ona kaiuru. He take i roto i te wāhi ko to tatou PCA submachine pū me tāke Tiamana "Tiger". Ratou "rongonui" i runga i te mua rawhiti i penei e tata katoa tank tuarua o te hoariri ka kite tatou hoia reira T-6.

Pehea te reira katoa i timata?

Na roto i te 1942, i te pae hopea ua ite te tokotoko Tiamana e "uira whawhai" kihai i mahi, engari ko te mārama te au tightening tūnga kitea. I tua atu, whakaaetia tāke Russian T34 ki tōtika mahi ki nga wahi Tiamana rite rawa ki te T-3 me T-4. E matau tonu i pai e te taua whakaeke tank me aha he tona tūranga i roto i te whawhai, faaoti nga Tiamana ki te whakawhanake i tētahi tank taimaha katoa hou.

I roto i te tika, mōhio tatou e te mahi i runga i te kaupapa i tonu i roto i 1937, engari anake i roto i ngā whakaritenga o te 40 ka mau hōia hanga atu raima. I runga i te kaupapa o te tank taimaha mahi kaimahi o rua nga ropu: Henschel ko Porsche. Ferdinand Porsche ko he tino o Hitler, a na reira i hanga tetahi hape meapango, nui porangi ... Heoi, tenei kōrero tonu matou.

Ko te Momo tuatahi

Kua i roto i 1941 i te kamupene Wehrmacht tapaea "ki te iwi whānui" e rua Momo: VK 3001 (H) me te VK 3001 (P). Otiia i roto i te Mei o taua tau, whakaekea te hōia nga whakaritenga whakahoutia hoki tāke taimaha, hua i roto i ngā kaupapa i ki whakaaro tino.

Ko reira ka e te tuhinga tuatahi i runga i te hua VK 4501, e kāmataga tona tupuna tank German taimaha "Tiger". hiahiatia te whakataetae i ki te whakarato i te tauira tuatahi i Mei-Hune 1942. Ko te maha o nga mahi kua catastrophically tiketike, mai i tüäpapa Tiamana e rua i anō-hoahoa mau. I roto i te puna o 1942 e rua Momo, rite rawa ki te pourewa Friedrich Krupp AG, i kawea ki te "wahi, a Wolf" i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaatu i te hangarau hou i roto i te ra whanau o te Führer.

toa whakataetae

tahuri te reira i roto i taua waka e rua, he drawbacks nui. Hei tauira, Kei te pera "kawea atu" Porsche te whakaaro o te hanga i tētahi "hiko" tank e tona tauira, he tino taimaha, taea whakauaua tahuri a tawhio noa i te 90 °. Matou i hoki Henschel kore tika katoa: tona tank ki te uaua nui taea te marara ki te hiahiatia 45 km / h, engari kua mahana tona pūkaha ake na e reira ko te tūpono tūturu o te ahi. Otiia tonu riro ahau i te reira tenei tank.

He ohie nga take: he hoahoa matarohia, me te tahuhu mama. ko Tank taua Porsche kia matatini, me te rapu utu he maha o te parahi kau mo te hanga, e ko anga ki te hoatu ake tona mataaro pūkaha aroha noa Hitler. Ki te ia e manakohia ai me te komiti whiriwhiri. Ko te waka tauā Tiamana "Tiger" i "Henschel" me kua riro he mohio "te buka."

Mō hohoro me ona nunu'a

Me kï reira e Porsche iho i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakamātautau i pera tino o tona angitu i whakahau ia ki te tīmata hanga i waho tatari mō ngā hua o te whakaaetanga. Na roto i te puna o 1942 i roto i te awheawhe o te tipu, kua tu kē reira rite 90 huriaro rite-hanga. I muri totohu te hiahia ki te whakaoti i te whakamātautau, aha ki te mahi ki a ratou. I kitea te tukua - i whakamahia te tahuhu kaha ki te hanga i te ACS "Ferdinand."

Ko tenei pū whaiaro-tīhokatia te kahore iti rongonui atu ki te whakarite tatou i te reira ki te T-6. "Rae" kihai i whatiia tenei taniwha tata tetahi, ngā ara ira-pātea, me te i te tawhiti o tika 400-500 mita. Ehara i Koinei, "Fyodor" kauhoe tank Soviet nuitia wehi me whakaaro. Heoi, kihai i te hōia whakaae ki a ratou, "Ferdinand" kihai i whai i te akoranga pū, engari no te mea he tokomaha o nga waka 90 i ngaro e maina autō, me utu anti-tank, "āta" takoto te tika i raro i te ara.

production rangatū me te whakamahine

I roto i te mutunga o August o te taua tau ka haere te tank ki production. Piro, engari i roto i te wā kotahi o tonu whakamātautau kaha o te hangarau hou. faaite hoki te wā tuatahi i te tauira o Hitler i kua i te wā ki te haere i runga i nga rori o taparau 960 km. I kitea te reira e taea te whakatere i roto i mīhini whenua taratara ki 18 km / h, me ai tahuna ake te wahie ki te 430 rita ia 100 km. Heoi ka kawea mai te tank Tiamana "Tiger", i te mea he huru o te tuhinga, no te mea o tona ore- raa te rota o raruraru o ratonga supply.

Kua riro Manufacturing me hoahoa whakapai ake ki te paihere kotahi. Kua puta ke maha āhuatanga o waho, tae atu ki ngā pouaka me ngā wāhanga e manawapa. Na, i runga i te paenga o te pourewa ka anga ki te hoatu mōtā iti āta hangaia mō poma paowa , me ngā maina "S" momo. tikanga te whakamutunga i ki te whakangaro i hōia hoariri, a ko te tino haavare: te tukua i te kātua, whakatangihia ia ake i te teitei iti, nohoia taka wāhi moe huri noa te tank ki pōro maitai iti. I tua atu, ina koa hoki masking mīhini i runga i te kauhanga riri NBK etahi pohū paowa 39 (ërä 90 mm) i whakaratohia.

Raruraru ki te transportation

He mea nui ki te mōhio e te waka tauā Tiamana ka "Tiger" te tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te tank waka e kua whakanoho iho rite taputapu paerewa mō te taraiwa raro. Ko tenei tika ki te papatipu nui o T-6, kihai nei i i tukua ki te kawe i te reira i runga i te nuinga o piriti. Ko ngā tika i roto i te mahi, kei te ngā kore e whakamahia te taputapu.

Ko tōna kounga ki te teitei, ka rite ki te atu whakamātautau te tank, kahore raruraru pau ake atu i te rua haora i roto i te peihana hohonu (ki te rere pūkaha), engari ko te whīwhiwhi o te tāutanga, me te hiahia mō te rohe whakangungu engineering hanga whakamahi o te pūnaha pai. Taraka whakapono ratou e te Tiamana tank taimaha T-VI o "Tiger" tika kia titi i roto i nui atu iti iho ranei te paru raro, na tamata kore ki te aituä te whakamahi i te "paerewa" ara o whiti te awa.

Ko reira ano hoki ngā i roto i taua kua whakawhanakehia kotahi kua rua momo o ara mo tenei mīhini: te kuiti 520 mm, me 725 mm whanui. Ko te whakamahia tuatahi ki te kawe tāke i runga i ngä tüäpapa rerewē paerewa, me te, ki te taea - ki te neke i raro i tona mana ake i runga i nga rori whariki. Ko te momo tuarua ko te anuhe whawhai, i whakamahia ai i roto i te tahi atu te wā katoa. He aha ko te pūrere "Tiger" tank Tiamana?

Āhuatanga hoahoa

Ko te hoahoa rawa o te motokā hou ko te aronui, ki muri MTO. ni'ai te reira i te mua katoa o te wae mana. Ko te wahi i kei te mahi te taraiwa me te reo irirangi operator, wā kotahi i mahi rite he pere, whakahaere pū mīhini whakawhiti ke.

Ko te wahi waenganui o te tank hoatu i raro i te wehenga kaumoana. Tāuta i runga i te tihi o te pourewa ki te pu, me te pū mīhini, i reira nga rangatira whakahaere o te wahi, hōia pū, me te Loader. noho hoki te paura katoa o te tank i roto i te wehenga whawhai.

rākau

Ko te taputapu matua ko te pū KwK 36 ërä 88 mm. I whakawhanakehia te reira i hāngai i runga i te kiki pū anti-rererangi "ACT-ACT" o te ërä taua, e i roto i 1941 He pakari whakaoho tāke Allied katoa ki tata katoa tawhiti. roa Pū oko - 4928 mm, tango ki pūkete te wahia paraire rawa - 5316 mm. Ko te tino whakamutunga kitea Engineers Tiamana rite te whakaiti hoki te mana ki te taumata e manakohia. ringa Ngaahi Houalotú i 7,92 mm pū mīhini MG-34.

pū mīhini Exchange, i, rite kua mea matou, kingi te operator irirangi, i whakanohoia i roto i mua o te wehenga. Kia mahara e, i roto i te cupola o te rangatira, ngā te whakamahi o te tāpiritanga motuhake taea hāngai kotahi MG-34/42, i roto i tenei take e whakamahia ana hei patu anti-rererangi. Me kï reira e ko he i akina atu, me te maha whakamahia e nga Tiamana i roto i Europe tenei mehua.

I roto i te whānui, e kore i taea e te rererangi he whakakeke tetahi tank taimaha Tiamana. T-IV, «Tiger» - i ratou ngāwari taonga mo Allied rererangi. E tatou ko tino rerekē te āhuatanga taua, no te mea noa 1944 noa kihai i whai i te USSR nui stormtroopers ki whakaeke nui o engineering Tiamana.

Tītaka pourewa kawea e te Rotator waipēhi, ko tona kaha ko 4 Kw. tangohia Power kei i te tōnā, i whakamahia te taputapu motuhake. Ko tino whai hua te tikanga: i pourewa tere mōrahi huri 360 nekehanga i roto i te meneti noa.

Ki te he paremo mo etahi take te pūkaha, engari i hiahiatia ki te tahuri te pourewa, i nga taraka i taea te whakamahi i te pūrere tītaka ā. Ko tōna drawback, haunga pikaunga tiketike i runga i te hariata, i te meka e ko taea te huringa koropupu iti o te oko.

mana te tipu

roto MTO rite te tipu te mana, me te kaha wahie. Tenei tāke Tiamana "Tiger" pai kehe mei to tatou mīhini e kua whakanohoia tika toa wahie i roto i te wehenga whawhai. I tua atu, kua wehea MTO i te tahi atu compartments tataitia totoka e whakaiti tūpono ki te waka o te hit tika i roto i te ruma pūkaha.

Me kï reira e nga waka tauā Tiamana o te Pakanga II o te Ao ( "Tiger" he kahore okotahi), ahakoa tona kororia "penehīni" "mama" te kore riro. Ko reira e tika ana ïa ki te whakaritenga whaitake o tāke wahie.

Ko te kaupapa o te waka e rua nekeneke Maybach HL 210P30 650 hp ranei 700 Maybach HL 230P45 hp (i whakatakotoria nei mai i 251-th "Tiger"). Motors V-āhua, e wha-patunga, rango 12. Kia mōhio e te tank "Panther" i rite te taua engine, engari kotahi. Te matao o engine ki e rua mātao inu. I tua atu, i runga i ngā taha e rua o te pūkaha kua whakapumautia etahi pā ki te whakapai ake i te tukanga tautauā. I tua atu, kua motuhake airflow generator me te whakapau manifolds kua whakaratohia.

Hāunga i taea te whakamahi waka tauā Māori mō te whakakī anake penehīni nui-kōeke ki te tau wāwaro o te iti rawa 74. E whā wahie tank whakaritea i roto i te MTO farii 534 rita o wahie. A, no te taraiwa i runga i pakeke rori paru ia kiromita rau pau i 270 rita o penehīni, me i te pūtahitanga o te auau atu-ara nui haere tonu ki te 480 rita.

Ko te kupu, e kore e nga āhuatanga hangarau o te tank "Tiger" (German) riro ona roa "motuhake" hīkoi. Ki te noa i koe te faingamālie iti, ua tamata te Tiamana ki te tango ia ia ofi ange ki te parekura i runga i te tereina. Heoi ka puta mai te reira i roto i ngawari te.

Whakatakotoranga pōkai

I ia taha i 24 wira ara, e kore anake e ruarua, engari tu tika wha nga rarangi! I runga i nga wira huarahi e whakamahia ana i roto i potae rapa, i runga i te tahi atu nga maitai ratou, engari mā te whakamahi i te pūnaha atu o te hekenga uara ā-. Kia mahara taua tank German T-6 "Tiger" i he drawback rawa nui e kore ia e taea te ki te whakakore: Nā ki pikaunga tino tiketike rawa hohoro kakahu takai o rango.

I pā ana ki te mīhini 800th i Rinks katoa timata ki te hoatu i te ope, me te maitai te cushioning roto. I roto i te tikanga ki te faaohie, ka whakaiti i te utu o te hanganga o Rinks waho kotahi i waho hoki i te kaupapa. E te ara, me te utu whānui Wehrmacht tank Tiamana "Tiger"? tauira tauira tīmatanga tau 1943 tata i te taha o ngā puna, kopikopiko i 600 mano ki 950 Reichsmarks tysyach.

Whakamahia ki te whakahaere i te wira urungi, rite te wira motopaika: i roto i te whakamahi o te puku waipēhi te tank taimaha 56 toni ngāwari te whakahaere ahotea kotahi ringa. Ka taea e Huria taputapu e rua noa maihao. E te ara, ko tenei PPC tank whakapehapeha tika o kaihoahoa: - (!) Robotic, e wha nihowhiti mua, me te rua ki muri.

Rerekē matou tāke, te wahi anake i taea e mehvoda kia he tangata rawa wheako i runga i te ngaio i maha tei runga i te ora o te waka katoa i te faatere o "Tiger" taea tango tata tetahi infantryman, i mua i te peia he motopaika i te iti rawa. No te mea o tenei, i te ara, pou mehvoda "Tiger" te tahi mea taa ê e kore whakaaro, i te ko te taraiwa T-34 tata te rangatira tank matua.

Te tiaki patu

Ko te take - he pouaka-āhua, kei te haere ona āhuatanga "i roto i te matau" ka paiherea. pepa patu-whakataka, ki tāpiritanga o chromium me molybdenum, timahia. He maha hītori faahapa te "pouaka-āhua", "Tiger", engari, tuatahi, te kore cheap kua pera taea e te mīhini i te iti rawa rite te tahi mea māmā. Tuarua, nui atu, kihai i ake tae noa ki te tau 1944 te parekura i te tank Allied kotahi, e taea te patu i te T-6 i roto i te ngä frontal. Well, ki te i roto i te arotahi kore.

Na e te Tiamana tank taimaha T-VI «Tiger" i te wa o te hanga ko mīhini haumaru rawa. Mau, hoki tenei i aroha ia me taraka Wehrmacht. E te ara, i wero te patu Soviet te tank Tiamana "Tiger"? More ïa, aha patu?

i wero aha patu Soviet te "Tiger"

Te patu frontal kua he matotoru o 100 mm, taha me te kai - 82 mm. whakapono ētahi kōrero hōia e no te mea o te "tapatapahi" momo o whare ki "Tiger" pai taea ki te whawhai i to tatou zis-3 ërä 76 mm, engari i reira e etahi whaktauiratia:

• Tuatahi, hinga te rae nui atu iti iho ranei whai anake ki 500 mita, engari projectiles patu-ngoto hë kore maha e pokaia te patu o te kounga tuatahi "Tigers", ara i awhe tata.
• Tuarua, nui atu, i runga i te parekura i reira whānui "polkovushka" ërä 45 mm, i te mea i roto i te rae kihai i T-6 tango i te katoa. Ahakoa, ki te tomo ki roto ki te taha o te kătahi taea te kī te kore te mita 50, ka ko e kore he meka.
• Cannon F-34 T-34-76 hoki e kore e whiti, a tae noa te whakamahi o te subcaliber "coils" āhuatanga papaki ngoikore. Ko te meka Ko e ara ngoto anga tango humarie tenei pū runga "Tiger" ki 400-500 anake mita. Na ka - mana'o e ko te "hurori" he kounga e kore te mea tonu e.

Mai i wero patu Soviet te tank Tiamana "Tiger" e kore te mea tonu i homai te waka tauā i te tikanga ohie: kopere patu-ngoto anake ka reira he 100% tupono o patu. Na ko reira taea ki te whakaiti i te kohi o kau, me te tino utu carbide Tungsten. Na e taea patoto i te repo Soviet i roto i te T-6 anake i te tāpiritanga o te maha tikanga:

• tawhiti Iti.
• A ani i te koki pai.
• He anga kounga.

Na tae noa atu iti iho ranei te ahua papatipu o te T-34-85 i roto i te tau 1944 me ngā hōia waiwai whaiaro-tīhokatia pu ko SU-85/100/122 me "mohoao" SU / ISU-152 "Tigers" hoariri tino kino o tatou hoia.

whakamahi whawhai āhuatanga

Mō pehea tino i titiro German tank T-6 "Tiger" whakahau o te Wehrmacht, e ai ta i te iti rawa i te meka i hanga nga hōia kōwae rauhanga hou mō enei cars - taimaha matua tank. A ko reira, he tu-anake wahi motuhake, i te tika o te mahi motuhake. He aha te āhuatanga o te matua 14 te tīmatanga hanga mahi tetahi i roto i te Itari - kotahi i roto i Awherika, me te toe 12 - i roto i te USSR. homai tenei te whakaaro o te mahi maka, o te whawhai i runga i te Front Eastern.

I roto i August 1942, "Tigers" kua "whaimana" e Mgoy te wahi koperea matou Carriers ki raro, e rua ki te toru whai wāhi i roto i te waka whakamātautau (i reira e ono), me i roto i 1943 i taea e ki te hopu i te T-6 tuatahi i roto i te huru tata tino to tatou hōia. Tonu kawea whakamātautau ahi i roto i tank Tiamana "Tiger", i hoatu kitenga matekiri: T-34 tank ki te tikanga whawhai hou Fascist i runga i ngā rite taea kore, me te kaha o te 45-mm anti-tank pū wiki paerewa kihai i whai nui ki te wahi i roto i te whawhai.

Kei te whakapono te reira e ka mau te take tino nui o te whakamahi i te "Tigers" i roto i te Soviet Union wahi i roto i te pakanga o Kursk. I whakaritea te reira e ka whakamahia 285 waka o tenei momo, engari i roto i te hono mo'oní hoatu te Wehrmacht 246 T-6.

I roto i Europe, i te wa o te ūnga Allied reira e toru matua tank taimaha rawa ki 102 "Tiger". Ko reira taa'eraa e na Maehe 1945 i reira i pā ana ki 185 ngā taika o tenei momo i runga i te tere i roto i te ao. i whakaputaina he katoa o āhua 1,200 wae. I teie mahana, i reira he kotahi ara te German tank "Tiger" i roto i te ao. Whakaahua o te tank, kei nei i i Aberdeen whakamatau ano te whenua, puta wā i roto i te pāpāho.

He aha hoki kua hanga i "tigroboyazn"?

Ko te tōtika tiketike o enei tāke Ko te nuinga o e tika ana ki te whāwhā pai, me te waka whakamarie mahi. Up tae noa 1944 kihai i te parekura i te tank Allied kotahi, e pai ai ki te whawhai ki te "Tiger" i runga i te taahiraa rite. E rave rahi o to tatou taraka i patua, no te patu i to ratou pereoo i te Tiamana ki te tawhiti o 1.5-1.7 km. A, no te T 6 whakaoho he maha iti o rawa onge.

Mate o te hai German Wittmann - tauira. Ana wehenga tank i roto i te "Sherman" i te mutunga oti atu ki te tawhiti i pere pītara. Mea ngāwari "Tiger" i 6-7 tinana T-34, me nga Ameliká ki tatauranga o ratou tāke ko noa he kino. O te akoranga, te "toru tekau-wha" - te mīhini o te piha haapiiraa katoa rerekē, engari e i roto i te nuinga o te wā i whakahe ai i te T-6. Tenei haapapu kotahi ano te itoito me fakatapui o to tatou hoia.

Ko te āhuatanga matua o te mīhini

Ko te ngoikoretanga matua ko te taimaha tiketike, me te whanui, hanga reira taea ki te kawe i te tank tüäpapa rerewhenua tikanga kahore preconditioning. Ki te whakaaro ki te whakarite o te whawhai koki "Tiger" me "Panther" ki koki kouma o te tirohanga, i roto i te mahi T-6 He tonu te hoariri atu pāharakeke mō tāke Soviet me whanaunga i te utu o te rahuitanga pai atu. I T-5 i te tino pai te tiaki ngä frontal, engari i tata whanau te poari me te kai.

He aha te kino, kihai i nui ki te neke i te taua motokā taimaha i runga i nga whenua taratara ara te mana o te engines e rua. I runga i te repo oneone reira erema tika. Ameliká ara whakawhanakehia tātai whawhai motuhake "Tigers": kua takoha ratou ki te pore matua taimaha Tiamana i tetahi wahi mata ki tetahi, hua i roto i o wiki i te tokorua, hawhe o te T-6 (i te iti rawa) whakamatauria ki te kia hanga ana.

Ahakoa nga tōnounou katoa, ko te tank Tiamana "Tiger", e kua he whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga i te mīhini whawhai rawa paoro. Mahalo, i te wāhi ōhanga o te tirohanga, e kore e tae mai i te reira te utu, engari ko nga taraka, tae atu tatou, kia rere i roto i te tikanga paraihe arotakea tenei "ngeru" he tiketike rawa.