Tanks o te Pakanga II o te Ao, American. Kia pehea te kua te waka tauā me te aha ratou titiro rite inaianei?

Ahakoa te meka e te puai o te hoia ru o te Wehrmacht ka mau ki runga ki te Army Whero me te iwi Soviet, whakahaere tonu nga hoa US ki te mahi i etahi whawhai. O te akoranga, hoki ratou i whakawhanakehia te nuinga e whawhai (kia kore e i korero i te faauruhia hou) i roto i te rohe-Kiwa.

I roto i te ara maha, te Hapanihi te whawhati resistance me te moni nui ki te moni-Riihi i tauturu ratou tāke o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. kahore e mohiotia rite te pai waka American, engari kitea etahi o ratou i pai ana te whakahaere.

tāke marama

Hoatu e ko te American te mataaro pūkaha rongonui Christie rite te wa, e kore te mea nui maere o waka tauā marama i roto i te United States. He kua wha, e kore tatau i te nui tika o te momo o akatuke'anga.

M3 "Stuart"

i hanga ēnei tāke marama American i roto i te tau 1940, a ka whakamahia rite te turanga "Cavalry" M1 me tank M2A4 marama. Te tahora ko he aronui: i tū MTO i te muri o te tahuhu, te wehenga tāngata, a ko nga mana i roto i te waenganui o te mīhini, te takai ārahi noho i roto i te ihu.

whakamahia te tahuhu i te otinga angamaheni American i te wa: wha awa iti māhanga i ia taha, me te wira urungi, whakapakaritia ki puna kaha. Te takere me te pourewa i hanga o te rau noa o te patu i te fehokotaki'anga me toko. Rākau o te riri - e rima "Browning" 7,62 mm me 37 mm ërä repo o.

Tona M3A3 whakarereke whakamutunga, i tukua i roto i te 1942. Engari o pū mīhini e rima mahue e toru anake. I roto i te hanga o te tauira e whakamahia ana te nuinga fehokotaki'anga, i whakaritea pepa patu ki te pinakitanga kouma. Kei te whakaaro te reira i te tank marama nui te nuinga i roto i te ao, no te mea tukua o tau i roto i te tokorua noa i tata 24 mano waka. I tukua te rota o "Stuart" ki te USSR raro moni-Rīhi. I roto i te tahi mau fenua no Amerika Apatoa, i taea te kite "Oldies" i roto i te mahi tika ki runga ki nga 90 o te rau tau 20.

M5 "Stewart"

Ko te whanaketanga atu o te whakaaro whakaurua i roto i atu M3A3. I roto i te parau tumu, tenei peka o tāke i roto i te whānui American he tino rite, kia rite ki tamata Engineers ki te whakamahi i otinga anake kï (production papatipu). I roto i te mahi ko tonu te taua pū 37 mm me toru "Browning" 7,62 mm o. I tenei wa rawa te pu i ki te aho stabilizer o aroaro.

Tank faufaa rerekē i te kawainga o te tipu te mana hou, ngā ki e rua engines penehīni V-āhua ki tautauā wai, he hoahoa radically hou i roto i te takere me te pourewa katoa, me te whakaaro mana hou.

M22 "mawhitiwhiti"

I roto i te tau 1944, i roto i te tirohanga o akiaki nga wehenga hiahia Mahino i tona patu ake i whakawhanakehia, ka tangohia e te M22 "mawhitiwhiti". I roto i te parau tumu, rerekē iti te US marama tāke i te M3. Kua noho tino ōrite te tahora, tuku, urungi me awa puku kei roto i mua o te take, te wehenga o te waka - i roto i te waenganui, ka kei nga engines i i te tuarongo.

I tino wiriwhiria te reira i hoahoa powerplant anake, kia rite ki i whakamahia ai te pūkaha penehīni ono-rango, i i te tea whakaritenga rango whakapae. Kei te whakaaetia te reira ki te hanga ko te nui iti te tank katoa, whakaiti tona silhouette me ngā āhuatanga whānui. noho te taua i te pū. Te wāhi me te hoahoa o te rango kua riro i te M3. feia faatau anake i hanga ake nui, takirua ki puna teitei-kounga.

M24 "Chaffee"

Ēnei tāke American timata te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao ki te kia whakaputaina i roto i te 1944. I roto i te tirohanga o te ö o te tūranga o waka tauā marama i whakamahia matua rite te torotoro me te taunga. i ratou i te rota o ngā wāhanga me ngā wāhanga o M3 me M5 (mamau waipēhi me te tōnā i tangohia tino), engari i roto i tona puka me te rākau o te riri tino rerekē i ona matua katoa. Te takere me te pourewa i hanga tikanga anake ka paiherea. E whakaritea pepa patu i koki rite iti rite taea.

I roto i te mua o runga me te kei i hanga i pao nui ki te hanga ngā wāhanga hanga ora māmā. I whakamahia tenei wa mo te rima takirua o rango, me te momo whakatārewatanga torsion takitahi. Ko te taputapu matua ko te kaha pū 75 mm. Mai i takirua reira 7.62-mm pū mīhini Browning. eke tētahi atu pū mīhini rite i roto i te wahi mua o te tank. Ko te tuanui i tuatahi eke 12.7 mm pū mīhini antiaircraft Browning M2NV. Ki ko tangohia te pupuhi o te pū, whakamahia waipēhi momo pūnaha stabilizer "Westinghouse".

tāke Waenga

Ko ratou ake pono, pai tāke Armoured o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. kua hanga cars American i roto i tēnei kāwai te ingoa e tika ana ki "Sherman", i aroha me to tatou hoia. Me pēhea te ki te kitea hoia e whawhai i runga i te tikanga Union, ko reira te T-34 i roto i te putanga Deluxe. Heoi, nga mea tuatahi tuatahi.

M3 "Grant"

Ko te tank reo tuatahi, tomo te papatipu ki mahi. E mea pinepine M3 "Grant" he puputu'u ki te M3 "Stuart". O te akoranga, te waka tauā American (ko te whakaahua i roto i te pepa) kōrero ki akomanga tino rerekē. Ko te āhuatanga matua ko te-taumata toru (!) Ko te wāhi o patu. Ko te sponson i runga i te taumata o raro, i whakaturia 75 mm ki Pū koki tuhu poutū 32 nekehanga.

I runga i te papa tuarua - te pourewa 37 mm pū, me te akoranga pū. māngai te taumata tuatoru e tetahi ki tetahi ki te pourewa pū mīhini i ai ia e taea te ki tōtika pehi e rua whenua me ngā whāinga mahino. Ko te kupu, ko te whanaketanga o waka tauā American (ko Soviet i te wa) aru te ara o te whakanui ake i te maha o pourewa, engari i kitea hohoro tenei ia ki te kia hape.

Hei takahuri te pourewa ki te pū 37 mm i taea te whakamahi e kore e anake aunoa, engari ano hoki i te puku waipēhi. Kua whakaritea pū poutū anake mā te puku aunoa. mātanga telescopic, kua hanga pūrere mātakitaki o tauira prismatic. I roto i te hanga o te makanga whakamahia, fehokotakianga me te toko. Pourewa, sponson, me te wahi mua katoa i maka.

Ka rite ki te hua, te waka tauā American tahuri tino unconvincing 2 ao: patu ngoikore rawa, rawa nui teitei, te wāhi o te patu he, te āhuatanga iti engines rererangi stellate (e chronically kore nui).

Ahakoa te nui nui o patu firepower i roto i ngā mahi ko reira tino iti. Na roto i te taimaha o te pereoo i te reira tata ōrite ki te German "Tiger", engari ko te tōtika whawhai te taumata o te tank marama.

Heoi, tonu massively whakaputaina te tank i 1939 ki te 1942, tae noa timata ia ki te pehu whakakapi e M4 - he waka tauā angitu o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. mīhini o tenei whakatupuranga American i pai nui.

M4 "Sherman"

tank te nuinga papatipu waenga American, i patu nei ki e rua nga Ameliká me te Ingarangi me te Army Whero. Ko te whakamutunga ia i moni-Rīhi massively raro. tahora Tino rerekē, me te pūnaha patu i te mihini o mua. Ko te whakatakotoranga me te hoahoa o te wae te mana me te whakatārewatanga nuinga noho te taua, pera i roto i te whawhai e hiahiatia ana ki te tiaki auau production tiketike. Pea ko reira te tank American pai.

Kua Kua tino tārua te tahuhu i te M3. Heoi, ki te kahore whakatārewatanga hoki i tonu kaha whakarerekētia te momo tuatahi o kaata: na inaianei i piri awa tautoko i te tuarongo. whakamana anga i te whakamahi i fehokotaki'anga makanga me / ranei. Ko te wahi mua haere i paiherea me whakarewa wahi mo fehokotaki'anga me te repo ërä 75 mm eke i roto i te pourewa, i mahi anake i te maka ana.

I te tuatahi, enei tāke American (whakaahua i runga ake) hoatu te engines "Continental" ki te momo rangi-matao o, engari e massively pau ratou i te ahumahi rererangi, engari no te mea te Ameliká tonu i ki te titiro mō ngā momo o engines kē. Ka rite ki te hua, tino nui haere te maha o te whakarereke rangatū. M4 "Sherman" ui te waka o e rima iwi. I roto i taraka kāinga nei whawhai i runga i tenei "motokā ke", kua roaa te tank arotake pai.

Taraka, ngā pai kounga roto mutunga me te supply o kai (me te wehikē me hikareti pai), i i Kikī i roto i te motokā rite te mea homai noa. He maha ora ora rite patu Kaore e kore (pērā i te T-34) i hu'ahu'a noa ki te rere atu mongamonga o para tona penetration atu tiaki te waka i te patunga.

tāke taimaha

Oddly nui, whakapono maha hītori hōia e kihai i te tīariari i te US waka tauā taimaha i roto i te parau tumu. Ko te taua "Pershing", i whakaaro he tank taimaha, he mea pauna, nui hoki iho ki te German "Tiger". Heoi, i āhua matou te āhuatanga kotahi. Ko te whakahoki ohie - te waka Armoured Wehrmacht wehewehea e ërä, ko matou ko nga Ameliká - i runga i tona papatipu.

tank M6

iti Putanga raupapa iti i roto i nga tau 1941 me 1942. I ringa tu tonu e rua pu: 76,2 mm me 37 pu repo mm honoa tahi. I tua atu, rite rawa i te reira ki toru pū mīhini taimaha. I whakamahia te whakatārewatanga rite wha o rua awa iti takirua.

He ko e toru putanga, i te tuatahi o i kawea atu e maka ana i te whare, mea te muri whakawhiti anake i runga i-te kounga teitei fehokotaki'anga, e kore ai nga waka tauā katoa o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. waka American tenei faatura tawhiti pai ki te patu kāinga i roto i.

Whakamahia rite te tuku mana hydromechanical me momo hiko. hanga te pourewa e anake i te makanga. Hei taurite te pūnaha pū rua tino hauwarea, me te iu, i ki roa tino te hoki o te pourewa. I whakaratohia cupola o rangatira, a Maunga hoki whakapuru i te pū mīhini antiaircraft.

Whiriwhiri ki te whakamahi i te reo irirangi-kounga tiketike tika me te ā- pūnaha tukunga kōrero, hanga i runga i te pūtake o ia ake. I roto i te whānui, i mārama tutuki te hoahoa: patu hoki tenei momo o te tank i patu ngoikore i kikokore, me te teitei - nui rawa. Na kua 40 anake wae o taputapu hou kua tukua hoki o nga mea katoa, a ka rite ki te "taimaha" waka mā te whakamahi i te M26.

Tank M26 "Pershing"

Ēnei tāke American II 'a Māmaní whāngai i roto i 1944. Tuatahi no ki te piha o waka tauā taimaha (ngaro i runga i kaute katoa o te hangarau Tiamana i roto i tenei piha haapiiraa), engari e tika ana ki te kore o patu kaha ka hohoro kia "faatopahia" i roto i te waenganui. I matou he papatipu o 41.5 taranata. paiherea Housing, huihui i castings rite-hanga, me ngā wāhanga. Raro - āhua waka-. hanga te wahi whare mua e te whakarewanga, te mea he papa pinakitanga kouma. Ko te pourewa kua he āhua elongated, ngā cupola o te rangatira, me te Maunga anti-rererangi "Browning".

Ko te tahuhu, i whakamahia te aronui whakatārewatanga pae torsion me te ono awa ara. Kei te tino e tahuhu faaturahia taraka, rite whakamatauria reira ki te kia tino pono. Engine - kōhinu waru "Ford", e pā ana ki te momo GAF-V. Meangiti inu, tuku - hurihiko. āhei te reira i te tank ki te auau whakaterenga tiketike, me te whakapati pai.

Ko te taputapu matua ko te 90 mm M3 pū i nei te armor- projectiles hohonu rere i te tere o te 810 m / s. I tua atu rite rawa ki te rua o 7,62 pū mīhini mm, tetahi o i takirua ākonga ki te pū. whakanohoia te pourewa 12.7 mm anti-rererangi pū. I ahau i te-goniometer hautahi e taea ai e koe ki te shooting tika rawa i te tūranga kati. whakahaere M26 ki te tango i tetahi wahi i roto i te wā whakamutunga o te Pakanga Tuarua. i hua anake e pā ana ki tetahi me te hawhe mano waka.

Ko te āhua o ngā take o nāianei

tāke American Modern i iti i roto i te noa ki o ratou matua. i to ratou whanaketanga, he nui mana mātanga Tiamana. Ko te nāianei "Abrams" kua he kōtaha tiketike, me te nui, he mea whawhai nui zabronevogo o te wāhi. Rerekē tāke o te Ao Tuarua, kua ia te āhua tino taratara me patu kaha, e hāngai ana nei i runga i 120 mm pahuatia pū. Ko te rerekētanga matua i ona matua, ko te whakatārewatanga me puāwaitanga hau-mīhini huri hiko engine.

Ko te kupu, te waka tauā American hou paku anake rite ratou matua.