Tāuta Gentoo Linux - taahiraa i te aratohu taahiraa

mohiotia te pūnaha mahi Linux te katoa i runga i te ao. Nuinga o ngā wā, kei te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakamahi ngawari te distro Ubuntu, t. Ki. He kuware te reira, a ko reira noa. Heoi, ahakoa he utu ano era atu tuwha, he iti rongonui ratou. taea Tino uaua te huaina Gentoo tāutanga. Otiia ki to tatou tohutohu pea ka angitu.

He aha te mea Gentoo Linux?

Tenei tohatoha, mohiotia nei hoki ona kaha whanui, whīwhiwhi, customizability. Ko te mea ia tapao e ehara i te mea mo te katoa, me te hiahia ki te kaha whai wāhi te roro, no te mea kahore e kore e mohio motuhake whiwhi ki te whakamahi i te taumahinga tonu o te OS. E mea pinepine i ki tirohia ki katoa o ngā tohutohu, engari ko te i muri i tenei. He mea nui ki te mahara e te hanga i te tāutanga o mōkī i Gentoo i mātāpuna ki te taputapu motuhake Portage. Ko te uaua, engari ka taea e te kaiwhakamahi te tīpako i pōkai ki te tāuta me te mahi.

Tei runga i te rōrahi o te whakaminenga, ka taea e tāutanga te tango i te wa poto rawa (i te meneti torutoru), a taea muri mō ra.

Huapai me ngā huakore

Kei te whakapono te reira e Gentoo Linux ko te tohatoha tere. Ko nga wa katoa, me te wahi katoa, i reira e etahi āhuatanga. "Gent" (ranei "Gentoo") tano ki Linux hāngai-Source tuwha, he aha te whakanui ake tere. Otiia maha ora te wa ki te kia pau i runga i te tāutanga wā roa-(tai'o: kohinga) pōkai. Ko tētahi o nga āhuatanga matua o "Gentoo" - ko te arotautanga mo te pūmārō. tutuki ana tēnei e MĀ-haki (ki te hei Information raro) arotautanga me hanga pūmanawa i pūtake, hononga / momotunga o kōwae rerekē.

He painga matua ko te kaha ki te hanga tuwha i o reira tetahi mea rite koe. может стать обычным сервером или рабочей станцией. Ngā mihi ki a Portage, Gen rawa e taea riro te tūmau noa taupunimahi ranei. Ko te painga tuarua - ngāwari. Tenei tohatoha Ko maha-pūhara me te mahi ki tetahi architectures PTM. Kua oti pai te pikikaa i te pūnaha i runga i te architectures e whai ake nei:

1. X86.
2. X64.
3. ARM.
4. PowerPc970.
5. PowerPC.
6. Hakihea Arepa.
7. IBM / 390.
8. 68K.
9. SPARC.
10. PA-RISC.
11. MIPS.
12. SuperH.
13. G5 PowerPC.

tiakina hoki Gentoo i katoa o whakaraeraetanga. Whakahōu te mōkihi, ko whakaraeraetanga rawa nohopuku, me te maimoamoa rua. He maha ngā pae ki te whakaminenga ōpaki o ngā hōtaka, me te pūtakerua mōhiohio hanga.

Ka rite ki whakahua tatou kore tukanga tāuta Gentoo. Beginners e kahore wheako mua ki tenei tuari, ka waiho i te reira fifi. Engari ka angitu whakawhetai ki te ako.

Me pēhea te ki te tāuta Gentoo? ako

Hei timata, me kua tāuta koe Ubuntu tohatoha. Ka Me koe te uru pakiaka, e pera kia ratou. Me hoki te hononga ipurangi.

Ko te taahiraa rawa tuatahi - te whakatakoto i roto i te chroot Gentoo. Ka taea e te mahi koe i tenei i roto i ara e rua:

1. I te wawe whakahau ki te rēhita: sudo-tiki pai tāuta dchroot debootstrap.
2. Ki te Synaptic me te tāuta pōkai dchroot debootstrap. Ko tenei ki te whakarite i whakaaro te pūnaha mahi Linux he rerekē i te mua ia "whare" whaiaronga.

Na e hiahia ana tatou ki te wawahia ano te kōpae, ranei te hanga mea hou, ki te reira te wāhi. Otiia ki te mahi ki ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana ki te āta, no te mea i reira te mea he mōrearea o te ngaro nga raraunga katoa. I ngā wānanga maha tuhituhi e he reira pai ki te whai i te rota o ngā kaupapa rerekē. I te tino iti rawa Me ki te waiho i te arai tuatahi (/), me te te arai / whawhai, a / var. Ahakoa i reira he / Huri (whakamahia hoki whakararangi) me te kāinga / te kāinga.

I muri koe te hanga i tētahi arai hou hōputu ratou. Ki te wawahi i / whawhai, / te kāinga, te hiahia matua (/), / var ki te whakamahi i te reiser2 ext3 ranei.

Na te hanga i tētahi kōpaki / mnt / Gentoo. Hoki ia wāhanga titau ona ake kōpaki i hanga e tatou.

Maunga i te pātaki hou konei. Ki te mahi i tenei, hoatu tenei i te rārangi whakahau:

1. sudo maunga / dev / sda5 / mnt / Gentoo.
2. sudo maunga / dev / sda6 / mnt / Gentoo / te kāinga.

Huinga sda5 a ka i roto i sda6 nga whaiaronga pakiaka, me te kāinga.

Kia tino ki te tirohia e te whakaturia tika te rā. Ki te kore, te whakamahi i whakahau me te wetereo taea e koe whakaturia te rā tika: MMDDhhmmYYYY rā.

Na whakatuwhera i tō pūtirotiro me te haere ki te pae tohatoha ki te tiki. He titiro hoki he whakaata pai mo koutou tauwāhi.

Mai i te whaiaronga te uta putanga / ia64 / 2008,0 / wāhanga te stage3 uku-pūranga. Na neke te pūranga ki te kōpaki Gentoo. Kei te mahi tatou i te reira ki te whakahau: mv stage3 * .bz2 * / mnt / Gentoo.

Hurihia ki te whaiaronga (cd / mnt / Gentoo) ka tirohia i te pūranga ki te md5. Tuhituhi i roto i te rārangi whakahau: md5sum stage3 -c * .md5. Na taea te tirotiro koe mēnā e kore e pakaru i te kōnae, me ahakoa ko ia OK. Ki te kore koe e whiwhi whakautu OK, ka whai koe ki te tiki i te reira ano.

Haere ki te tāutanga, me te whirihoranga taahiraa Gentoo muri. Me koe ki te tango i ngā kōnae i te pūranga. Whakamahia te whakahau: sudo uku xvjpf stage3 * .bz2 me tatari mo te whakaoti.

Whirihora Gentoo

Na to tatou i roto i Gentoo i raro i te hōtaka matua. Te kore kore e hiahia ana tatou Portage - motuhake taputapu whakahaere mōkihi. Ngā mihi ki a ia, te tiki matou te mana o nga hōtaka tāutatia. Ki te mahi i tenei, haere hoki ki te pae download. I roto i te pikitia e rapu mo te Portage tino tata tāpiri. Tikiake ana i te reira, ka neke ki te kōpaki / mnt / Gentoo. Ko te pai ki te whakahau noa whakahau: uku xvjf /mnt/gentoo/portage-.tar.bz2 -C / mnt / Gentoo / usr.

He aha te mea Portage?

kia mea he kupu ruarua e pā ana ki tenei taputapu. Portage - he pūnaha e taea e koe te whakamahi i ki te whakahaere i pōkai i te tohatoha. Kei te hangaia te reira ki te faaohie i te tukanga mō te tāuta i te waehere pūmanawa me te pūtake. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira ki te tango pākete, te whakahou ia ratou ki te tukutahi i te kawa rsync. Kia Portage tikiake kōnae, kohikohi te pūnaha te hōtaka mā te whakamahi i te waehere pūtake tīkina me aa te reira.

I tenei wā, whakaturia matou nga haki whakahiato. make.conf Open, kei nei i roto i te whaiaronga / Gentoo / etc. whakamahi tatou i te ētita kuputuhi mania. whakaahua ana i te tuhinga make.conf.example ārahi ki te hanga tāupe. A haamatau ia outou i te reira. Whakamahia enei taurangi, me te kōnae whirihoranga mo te tāutanga.

kia meinga e tatou tino e whakawhitia i te tautuhinga i te tohatoha Ubuntu tonu. Ko te mea matua - te reira DNS-whirihoranga (sudo CP -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/resolv.conf) me te Proc pūnaha (sudo Maunga -t Proc kahore / mnt / Gentoo / Proc).

Ki te nga tautuhinga katoa tika, haere ki te chroot. Ki te hanga i te reira, e hiahia ana koe ki te:

1. Hurihia te whaiaronga pakiaka. I te Tuhituhi whakahau wawe: sudo chroot / mnt / Gentoo / bin / Bash
2. Whakahōu te taiao, me te kia mārama ai ki te kāpeka, te wahi e tū ai. I te wawe whakahau: / usr / sbin / env-whakahou.
3. Kuhua te reira i roto i te mahara: pūtake / etc / kōtaha.

Mai i tenei momeniti ko koe i roto i te pūnaha Gentoo.

Te whakahiato i te pata

Ko te atamira tino nui - te haaputuraa o te pata - wahi o te pūnaha, e whakatau ka me pehea ki te hoatu i te uru hōtaka. Te kore te pata, e kore e mahi kahore pūnaha whakahaere. Ano, tāuta te mōkihi ki te rsync-tūmau. tomo matou mo tenei whakahau: puta --sync. Hoki mārama, amo ka e kia tāuta pata putanga 2.6. I tenei wā, ko te mea e tika ana ki te whakapuaki haki MĀ e hoatu te taupatupatu mahino aha kōwhiringa me ngā āhuatanga tono. He nui ki te tautuhi i te haki tika reira, te kore e kore e taea te tino tūmanako te hua.

Ia tāpiri he kara - tenei kupu. E tohua kōwhiringa tango he ki "-" i mua i te kupu. Hei tauira, mo te tāutanga, me te haaputuraa o ngā hōtaka, me ngā kōwhiringa ki te tautoko i ogg Me tika tatou ki te tāpiri ogg. Ki te kore tatou e hiahia, ka tuhituhi -ogg.

Ki te mārama me pēhea te MĀ-haki ki te whiriwhiri i, kia mohio ki te titiro tuhinga Gentoo.

I muri te tīpako kara i roto i te tuwhera make.conf / etc / whaiaronga me tomo te reira.

Tautuhi i te Rohe Wā

Ko te mahi i muri mai - te whakatakoto i te rohe wā. Ko roto i te whaiaronga / usr / share / zoneinfo katoa o ratou. tahuri tatou i konei, tomo te whakahau ls me kite te rārangi o e wātea ana. tārua te rohe wā e hiahiatia ana te ki / etc / localtime. Mā te whakamahi i te whakahau: # CP / usr / share / zoneinfo / GMT / etc / localtime.

tikiake me te whakahiato taea te kawea te pata i muri i te wa tautuhinga rohe. E tomo te whakahau: # puta Gentoo-puna. Na te taahiraa uaua tino - whirihora i te pata kia i reira te tautoko o te mōkihi e hiahia ana tatou. Ki te tāuta te pata te tika, kia wātea te mahi e hiahiatia ana.

rere:

• CD / usr / src / linux;
• kia menuconfig.

Na whiwhi tatou ki te whirihoranga pata. Tīpakohia hiahiatia katoa ki te uta i te atekōkiri pūnaha. Me koe ki te tirohia e kua hanga katoa ratou ki te pata, te kore e kore te pūnaha e whawhai banal. Kaua e wareware ki te whakauru tautoko mo koutou pūnaha. Kōwhiri taea ngā ahokore ko LAN, rite pai rite te momo pūtukatuka me te utuafare te taraiwa whatunga tika katoa.

Na, ki te tīmata te whakahiato tomo: kia && kia modules_install. Ka tango i te tukanga i etahi wa. Na ka tomo: kia -j2 && kia modules_install. tāruatia pata image te ki te kōpaki / whawhai.

kōwae matua tautuhinga - Last. Hei kitea nga kōwae katoa e wātea ana, rere te whakahau e whai ake nei: kitea / lib / kōwae / (pata putanga) / -type f -iname '* .E' ranei -iname '* .ko'. Tāpiri i te rārangi ki te /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6 e tikiake aunoa aua kōpaki. I tenei wā ko oti te tāutanga Gentoo. Ka taea e te tīmata koe te whakamahi i te OS.

Tāutanga Tips KDE Gentoo

I roto i te tāutanga, i reira ka kia raruraru. I roto i te ara tetahi, e kore e taea noa e. Kia tino ki te tirohia ki te huinga Gentoo mō whakaoti ratou mau fifi. I roto i tetahi take, te whai i enei tohutohu.

pinepine whakatika tautohetohe e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te tāuta Gentoo i runga i UEFI. He mea nui i hanga te arai EFI. Me waiho te reira kotahi te pūnaha kōnae FAT. tuhituhia te whakatakotoranga UEFI te e mahi UEFI-mārō ki FAT12, 16 me te 32, engari e tūtohu ana ki te whakamahi i te pūnaha kōnae FAT32.

Ano i roto i te uku-pūranga taea e rōpū kaiwhakamahi ngaro, me te waka. A, no te whakamahi i schroot i runga i te pūnaha ope me waihanga koutou ratou ā. I roto i tenei take, ka tuhiruatia te kōnae i roto i te whaiaronga / Gentoo / etc me koutou kupuhipa (ka taea e koe te whakatika tika ratou).