Tepu wā o Mayakovsky. Ngā wāhanga o te ora, me te auahatanga

Ko te ora o tenei rohi pehe oti 37 tau roa, engari hei utu rawa nui. Ko ia tetahi o nga kau taki o te toi Five and Seven, a whakaaturia te mana i te tautoko pūmau o te raina Party, toa ātete i runga i te mua wä. Tona rotarota - he huinga ngingila o search o puka hou me ngā uara mure ore i roto i te ihirangi, te reo kaha Tribune me mohio motuhake e lyrical. Ngā wāhanga o te ora, e kei te tepu wā o Mayakovsky, kia whakaata te hanganga o te tuakiri o te pehe, engari ki te aromatawai tona tauine taea mohio atu tino ki tona haurongo auaha.

1893-1906. tamarikitanga

Fanauhia Hōngongoi 7, 1893 i roto i te whānau Vladimira Konstantinovicha Mayakovskogo, e ahu i te Tari o te ngahere i roto i te kainga Hōriana iti e tata ana Baghdadi Kutaisi me Aleksandry Alekseevny Pavlenko, tuatahi i te Kuban. koroua o te papa ko te esaul Cossack, riro he ope.

Kei tepu wā Mayakovsky whakaako te rota o te taunakitanga paki o te kaha o te pehe i mua nei ia ki te pānui i, e te reira i te ngākau nui me te hehema ki tuhinga me te peita, mahara he rota o te rotarota, he matatau i roto i Georgian.

1902 - tomo te kindergarten matua Kutaisi hākinakina, e whakaatu ana whakangungu pai rawa i roto i te reo Russian me tuhi.

1905 - te moni kaha i roto i te mau ohipa pāhoro, whai wāhi i roto i ngā huihuinga me ngā whakaaturanga. ngaro ia te moni i roto i akoranga.

February 19, 1906 ka mate ohorere o te toto paihana VK Mayakovsky.

1906-1910. I roto i Moscow

tepu wā o Mayakovsky i Moscow wā wawe - ako i te kura, arearea Marxism, hono te RSDLP (b), i te hopu:

oho 1906 August-Mayakovsky whānau ki Moscow, te wahi ako ia te tuahine tuakana o Vladimir - Lyudmila.

1906, Mahuru -nachinaet ako i te hākinakina puāwaitanga Tuarima. Te tai'oraa i te pāhiwihiwi, tutaki ki te ākonga-kaiuru i roto i te kaupapa hou. Hiahia i roto i te tai'oraa i ngā pukapuka taumauri, ako Marxism.

1908 - tomo ki te Russian Social-Democratic Party o nga mua, riro te rōpū te īngoa "hoa Konstantin", maturuturu atu o te kura i roto i te hākinakina. Kei te whakapae o tufaki mātārere ka waiho i raro ki te hopu tuatahi. Tukua i te kore o te taunakitanga.

1909 - hiahia ki te haere tonu ratou mātauranga, tomo te kura Stroganov, engari i roto i Hōngongoi i hopukina ano i runga i te māharahara o te whakahaere i te rere o herehere. I roto i te Butyrskaya tai'o nui pakimaero, tae atu i te kaitito Symbolist. Tamata ki te tuhituhi iho.

1910 - rapu Family tuku o Vladimir rite te iti. whai wāhi ia i roto i te peita i roto i te faaineineraa no te whakauru ki te kura o te Painting, Sculpture me Architecture.

1911-1914. Mayakovsky, futurist

tepu wā Mayakovsky wā, timatanga o te mahi auaha - mōhio ki D. Burliuk, mahi tuatahi me te tānga, te whai wāhitanga i roto i te kaupapa o te Futurists:

1911, Mahuru - tomo i MUZhViZ. Maheni ki te toi me te rohi pehe Davidom Burlyukom me ētahi atu futurists.

1912 - whakamōhio Burliuk ki ana whiti, mauruuru ia ratou rawa tino. mahi ia ki te korero pukapuka tuatahi o ana whiti i roto i te wharekai pohara "Kitten Dog".

1912 Hakihea - rotarota whakaputaina i roto i te anthology "te kauae i te mata o te Taste Public".

1913, March - anthology whakaputaina "Missal toru" ki rotarota me tātuhi Mayakovsky.

1913, Haratua - haere putanga waituhi o te pukapuka "ahau"

1913 Hakihea - whai wāhi i roto i te mahi ngātahi o te Futurists, te mahi tuatahi o te ati "Vladimir Mayakovsky" i roto i te St Petersburg.

1914, Hānuere-Maehe - whai wāhi i roto i te mahi o nga Futurists puta noa te whenua-i Kazan ki Tbilisi. Waho i te kura, tetahi o nga take - no ki futurism.

1914 Whiringa - i muri kihai te pakarutanga o te whawhai i roto i te whiwhi i te tiwhikete o te tika, he mea e tika ana ki te uru atu rite te tūao i roto i te ope.

1915-1919. Mayakovsky me te Revolution

Mayakovsky tepu wā o te wā i mua-orurehau, me te pou-nuku - whakaminenga ki Gorky, ki te māperetanga BRIC, whai wāhi i roto i te mau ohipa pāhoro, "GROWTH Matapihi":

1915 Hui-tanguru - taunga ki AM Kawa.

1915 Hōngongoi - Hui ki a Liliey Yurevnoy Brik me tana tane.

1915 Mahuru - māperetanga. Ngā mihi ki te mau tautooraa o Gorky tautuhia i roto i te kamupene o manawapa kamupene pereoo Military i mua whakaīngoatia - hipokina Ratonga wahi anake o te ra.

1916 - i roto i te tau i roto i o te pehepehe "te tapahanga Flute", "War ko te rangimarie", "te tangata" rotarota maha.

1917 Spring - he wāhi kaha i roto i te mau ohipa o te revolution February, korero i te whakawhitiwhiti, e ai ta ia te tono, i pōtitia ki te mua kaimahi Arts Union.

1917 ngahuru - i muri i te nuku Revolution i manakohia o te mahi tahi o toi i te kāwanatanga Soviet.

1918 Spring - tuhi screenplays, mahi i roto i te kiriata.

1918, Whiringa-- te tuatahitia o te tākaro "Mystery-Bouffe".

1919 Oketopa-timatanga i roto i Moscow i runga i te "matapihi" tupu "- ki runga ki-tanguru 1922 hanga 400 pānui me 600 tuhinga.

1920-1923. Mayakovsky mahue rangatira toi

tepu wā o te ora, me te mahi o te wā o te Pakanga Civil - te pakanga mo te rotarota hou, he whare tapere hou, he kiriata hou, te haerenga tuatahi ki Europa, te hautaka "LEF":

1920 - te pānui tūmatanui tuatahi o te pehepehe "150.000.000", puta noa i te tau maha ngā mahi i roto i ngā tautohetohe, kauwhau, rallies.

1921 - production o "Mystery-Bouffe" Meyerhold.

1922 Mei - te haerenga tuatahi ki waho - ki Riga.

1922-nuku - putanga kohia mahi.

1922-nuku - Hakihea - te haerenga ki Tiamana me France, te whakaminenga ki te toi ārahi me kaituhi: Picasso, Léger, Braque, Cocteau, Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov me ētahi atu.

1923 Maehe - haere mai 1 "LEF" moheni ētita e maau a Mayakovsky "Mō taua", rotarota maha me tuhinga i runga i te tumu parau o te toi hou.

1923-nuku - tuhituhi kape pānuitanga mō Mosselprom.

1924-1925. Pehe me agitator

E rave rahi i ki voey ora Mayakovsky. tepu wā o te ora, me te mahi o te wā hohe haere huri noa i te motu, me te ao - kupu i roto i te whenua, he haerenga ki Europa, te "kitea o Amerika":

1924 puna - raumati - korero tour ki Ukraine, te Crimea.

1924 ngahuru-hotoke - he haerenga ki Paris.

1925 Mei - tīmata haerenga o Mayakovsky ki Europe, te wahi i ia i runga i tono tangata ki Mexico me te United States i te kaipuke.

1925 Hōngongoi-Hakihea - tutaki i New York ki D. Burliuk, e haere puta noa i Amerika.

1926-1928. paari auaha

tepu wā o Mayakovsky - poto e pā ana ki tenei wa ka taea e tatou te mea e tenei wā o te ora, me te paari toi:

1926 January-February, Hune, August, Oketopa me Noema - te haerenga kauhau maha o te whenua, me te Poland, Czechoslovakia, Germany, France. kaupapa matua:

• Art New.
• Kia pehea te mahi irava.
• Taku kitea o Amerika.

1927 - i roto i o te moheni "New LEF".

1928 - te putanga motuhake o te pehepehe "pai".

1928 Hakihea - oti te tākaro "Bug", kua timata te mahi i runga i te whakaatu: aratai Meyerhold, hoahoa -Kukryniksov, waiata - Shostakovich.

1929-1930. tiaki ati

tepu wā o te ora o Mayakovsky i roto i nga tau tata nei: faaino teimaha i hoariri, kore o te māramatanga o whanaunga, raruraru i roto i te whanaungatanga whaiaro:

1929 Kohitātea - tokomaha pehe mahi whakakorea e tika ana ki te mate korokoro.

tuatahitia o "Bug" i - 1929 February te Meyerhold Theatre tutaki rangirua: whakamoemiti, me te faaino teimaha o te waihanga tākaro iho.

1929, Haratua - whakaminenga ki te kaitapere Veronikoy Polonskoy - te aroha whakamutunga o te rohi pehe.

1930 February - March - Exhibition: "20 tau" i roto i te tahuri oroko i te Moscow Writers 'Club, i roto i te Leningrad Whare o Tā, te Whare Central o Komsomol Whero Presnya. Te reira i tata waiho rangatira me kaituhi.

1930 Maehe - te tuatahitia o "Pani" i roto i Meyerhold Theatre tahi e kore.

1930 Paengawhāwhā - o i tukua i roto i te timatanga o te marama te moheni "Tā me te Revolution" i runga i nga whakahau o te whakahaere whakairo whakaahua o Mayakovsky ki te mihi ki a ia i runga i te huritau 20 o te mahi auaha.

ra nō

Ko te take o te whakamomori o te rohi pehe te tikanga e pā ana ki tona hononga manganga ki Lily Brik, he mana tata ita runga ia, a ki i marenatia Veronica Polonsky, engari hiahia ia ki te tīmata i te ora noa te utuafare. Whakahua Tatyana Yakovleva, e noho i roto i Paris, a huaina tona aroha pono. Ko te fakafokifā o te haerenga fakamamahi ki rö maha putanga, tae atu te patu tangata o te rohi pehe. tepu wā o Mayakovsky, poto parau e pā ana ki te ra whakamutunga o te rohi pehe:

April 12, 1930, i tuhituhi e ia kua tuki te reta poroporoaki rongonui ki nga kupu o te poti aroha ki te ora ...

April 14, 1930:

8.00 - I haere ia ki te waea, me te waea homai T.Yakovlevoy i Paris: "koperea Mayakovsky ia."

8.30 - mutu ia mo Veronikoy Polonskoy me waha ana i te reira i runga i tona fare.

9.00 - haere mai ratou ki te mahi i roto i te fare Mayakovsky Lubyanskiy Travel.

9.30 - Bookman karere nei i kawe mai te pukapuka ki te rohi pehe whakahau a ratou, tupu kia kite i te rohi pehe e tu ana i runga i tona turi i roto i te mua o te wahine taitamariki.

10.45 - Polonsky i o te ruma, ka mea i he te mutunga hoki he whakatakanga i roto i te whare tapere ia, te fafau ki hoki i roto i te ahiahi. I te pikitanga, ka rongo ia he pere ngateri i roto i te ruma. Hoki mai hoki, ka kite ia Mayakovsky e takoto ana i runga i te patunga witi, me stains toto i runga i tona shirt i roto i te rohe ngakau. mate ia i mua i te taenga mai o wawe karanga te waka tūroro.

āhukahuka murimate

Ko te haurongo o Mayakovsky tenei. tepu wā o perpetuating te mahara o te rohi pehe, ko ano hoki o te moni.

Ko te mutunga o te whanaunga matatini ki te tuakiri o Mayakovsky i te mana e pā ana hoatu Stalin ia, i roto i 1935, ka mea: "Ko Mayakovsky me tonu te pai, rohi pehe tino pūmanawa o to tatou taitahi Soviet." Tonu i muri timata reira whakaingoa i te ara rohi pehe i roto i nga pa maha o te Union, whare pukapuka, cinemas, me ētahi atu I tua atu, i te ingoa Mayakovsky riro:

1935 - Ko te mua Whakamanamana Square i Moscow;

1938 - raina Station Zamoskvoretskaya o te lēlué Moscow;

1946 - te kainga i roto i te rohe Kaliningrad;

1954 - Moscow Drama Academic Theatre;

1967 - teihana lēlué St. Petersburg;

1967 - te aorangi iti.