Tiwhikete - He aha te e? He aha te mea tohu hua?

Tiwhikete - he wā whakatakoto mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te Organization International mo Waeine i raro i te ingoa ISO 1982. whäkina te Guide №2 tenei ariā te rite te mahi i nei ki te whakaatu tautukunga ki te ratonga hua ranei he huinga etahi o huru maitatai me paerewa. E ai ki tenei whakamāramatanga i runga i te tohu e hāngai ana. tangohia ana tēnei ariā kei te inaianei i roto i te pūnaha GOST R i Russia.

Eaha te auraa?

Tenei taputapu fakapapau'i e tutuki te kounga o te hua nga whakaritenga, kia rite ki te tuhinga whāngai. whakapumautia hoki nga tikanga hangarau me paerewa. I tua atu, i te tohu - ko te taputapu whai hua mo te whanaketanga o te ōhanga me te hokohoko whanaunga ki ētahi atu whenua, te whakatairanga o ngā hua, me te whakapakari i to tatou ti'araa i roto i te wa roa.

tuhinga take

whakatinanahia pūtāhui e te kaiwhakarato kawenga mō te maka ana i te hua e kore e whakatau paerewa. I te wa ano fakahoko nga whakaritenga whakahauanga e pā ana ki nga āhuatanga o nga taonga ranei ratonga raro ki te tohu. Ko te tika tenei taputapu mo te hanga, e whakarite te haumaru o te ora tangata, me te hauora, me te tiaki i te taiao.

Na roto i te ture, he rerekē nga tuhinga e whai ake nei:

1. Tiwhikete.
2. Mark o rite.

Tiwhikete - he fariiraa o te tuhinga, puta nei te rite ki etahi tikanga. haapapu ia e te whakatau i nga hua nga whakaritenga.

Mark o rite, i roto i te tahuri, ko te tohu rēhita o te ture, te aroaro o e tohu e te hua, te ratonga rānei e kua he huinga pūmau o ngā āhuatanga.

whāinga

whakatinana Tiwhikete te ki te whakatutuki i te whāinga e whai ake nei:

1. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite tikanga tika mo te mahi o ngā rōpū me te kaipakihi takitahi i roto i te mākete koloa o te whenua, me te whai wāhitanga ki te whai wāhi i roto i te mahi tahi te ao, me te hokohoko.
2. Te āwhina kiritaki whiriwhiri hua-te kounga tiketike.
3. paruru te reira ia ratou i te artist honorekore kaihoko ranei.
4. Ka āta whakarite te reira i te haumaru o te ora, te hauora, te taiao me te taonga.
5. haapapu te reira i te oraraa o te āhuatanga i whakapuakina te kaiwhakanao.

tikanga

Tiwhikete - he huinga o ngā mahi e hāngai ana i runga i ngā whakamātautau me te aro mātai o te tikanga o te hanga, me te te ture o te mahi o etahi ngā tukanga, me te tokanga'i 'ratou kounga.

puta te tuhinga kei te hoki te wā whakaritea. Ko te wa mōrahi mō nei te tohu hua, - e toru nga tau, a mo te tokotoko - rima nga tau.

whakaritea te tukanga katoa e te kāwanatanga, me te NGO. whakahaere ana te tuatahi te kounga, tiaki te kiritaki me te taiao, tautoko production kāinga, tiaki ki te tukino me te e apee.

Ko te tukanga ngā te whai ake:

• whakarite tikanga mo te hanga o ngā hua tohu;
• whakaraupapa te reira i a te mauria atu te tukanga i roto i te ara taua e kua tutaki whakaritenga katoa.

te mau parau tumu

Tiwhikete Hua - he tukanga e hāngai ana i runga i etahi parau tumu. Ko ratou:

• tufaa, rite kawea i roto i te moni tūmatanui;
• tono tūao o ngā hua pānuitanga;
• te objectivity o te tinana whakahaere;
• tika i roto i te whakamahi o tamataraa motuhake;
• whakahäwea-kore o ngā hua kāinga me kawemai;
• hoatu whakahaere kaihanga te kōwhiringa o te ture mo te tukanga;
• maia e pā ana ki te hua pai kino ranei i muri i te tukanga;
• te whakatakoto tangata haepapa whakahaere;
• tikanga rerekē me ngā puka o te whakatutukitanga o te paari.

ahanoa

huaina te ahanoa ko hua ratonga ki i whakatakotoria e ngā whakaritenga motuhake ranei, a kia kia whakapumautia to ratou mahia.

Ko nga momo e whai ake nei:

• tohu hua - i tenei rauemi, rauemi raw, pūngao, wāhanga, me te katoa production taonga me ngā take hangarau taonga kiritaki whānui ranei;
• ratonga mo te taupori;
• te whakamahi i te tukanga o te hanga, transportation, rokiroki me te tikanga;
• taonga matatini, hangarau me te whakahaere - te whakamahi hangarau, e kōrerohia i roto i te puka o ngā pūnaha.

Ka taea e Tiwhikete tono ki te hanga, tukanga me te pūnaha kounga.

painga

he maha o painga nui, i roto i nei ko te whai ake Active Institute kua.

1. Whakarite whakawhirinaki i roto i te kounga.
2. Whakamāmā i te rapu mo te hua e hiahiatia ana.
3. Whakamōhio kiritaki e pā ana ki te āhuatanga o taonga ratonga ranei.
4. Āwhina i roto i te whakatinanatanga o te hua rerekē me ona whakataetae i roto i te mākete.
5. Tuhinga o kawemai o tenei momo.
6. Ārai i te horapa o te mākete kāinga o ngā hua iti-te kounga.
7. Ngä whakapai ake o te kounga i roto i te tāutanga o te whakaritenga e hāngai ana.
8. Whakaongaonga i te hua o te taumata production.

Ko te tukanga mō te tuku

tinana Tiwhikete e whakatinana te tukanga mō te tuku i te tuhinga o ngā pūnaha kounga, mahi nga mahi e whai ake nei.

1. Hohenga i te hinonga.
2. E faaineine ia tuhinga.
3. Whakawhanake i te tikanga e tika ana.
4. Ka taki i te kounga.

tohu whakahauanga - he ...

Ka taea te whakamana i te tukanga i runga i te pūtake whakahauanga me tūao. I roto i te take tuatahi, whakawhanakehia te tetahi āhua paerewa e nei kei roto ngā whakaritenga mō te mahi ranei, kia rite ki te ture Russian.

Ko ētahi o ēnei he haumarutanga mo te ora, me te hauora o te iwi, ratou taonga, me te taiao, hototahi me interchangeability, me ētahi atu ture e e here.

Me rite ēnei whakaritenga e ngā kaiwhakanao katoa, hokona hua ratonga whakarato ranei i te rohe o Russia. Ko te rārangi o taonga me ngā ratonga tāutuhia e Gosstandart, kia rite ki te ture i runga i te tiaki kiritaki. A amo i te tikanga e kawea atu e ngā rōpū kaituku. Ko te tinana matua i konei he:

• State Paerewa;
• Tāhuhu o Communications;
• Gosgortechnadzor;
• State Building.

tohu noa - te reira ...

I roto i tenei take ko reira he pātai o te aromatawai rite etahi huinga o huru maitatai. meatia ana te tukanga i runga i te pūtake noa i runga i te ngā i runga i whakaae te kaitono me te mana e whakatinana ai. Tenei mahi e te tika ki tetahi whakahaere kua whakaritea e e ki whakaatu i te taonga ratonga ranei i runga i te pūtake noa.

Ka taea te whakatinana te reira i roto i ngā puka. Ahakoa o nga pakihi kiritaki takatakahia ratou ano he tohu o fakatatau, ki fatongia mo te huinga ngā o 'ulungaanga kī hoki reira. I te tahi atu te ringa, e taea te whakatinana i te tohu e te rōpū tuatoru e aro mātai ana ngā mahi haere tonu. Ko tenei āhuatanga o te whakahaere e kore he haumaru e huaina ki whāinga tonu. I muri i te katoa, kei te maha e pā ana te reira ki kaiwhakanao me ngā. Na reira, me meinga e koutou mohio e te tino i te reira whakatinana tirohanga.

Ko te Waeine tūao, me te tohu - he ngā tukanga whakatinana ki te whakarite e nga whakaritenga e whakatau etahi paerewa. kia kia tīmataria ratou e kamupene i roto i te wā i reira e kore e te kāwanatanga te whakarato. Me ratou te tikanga whakatika ina i reira he taonga e kore e e whakatau etahi paerewa, me te pā i te ngākau nuitanga ōhanga, rite ki te tikanga, ngā rōpū nui, ahumahi me te ratonga.

Ki te mea te reira te tohu noa ratonga, te auraa e reira e kore whakaritenga haumaru whakahauanga. Ko te taua pā ki taonga. Ngā mihi ki a ia, Heoi, te whakaiti i te maha o ngā hua hapa, e tae mai i runga i te mākete.

I te wa ano, ki te whakaratohia hoki tohu whakahauanga, te ahua noa e taea e kore whakakapi i te reira. Katahi ia whakaritea anake hei anō i roto i te tikanga ki te riro i te whawhai mō ngā kiritaki.

meatia ana te tukanga i runga i te pūtake kirimana, te wahi i te tinana whakahaere reira, kia rite ki nga hua me te whakaputa i te tiwhikete o rite taea te whakamahi o te tohu ranei mutu te issuance ranei e tumâ reira.