Tretyakov Taiwhanga: fare me ratou whakaahuatanga

Tretyakov Gallery - tetahi o nga whare taonga tino rongonui i roto i Russia me huri noa te ao. hipokina He whakaaturanga whānui te wā i te tekau ma tahi te rau tau ki te ra nei. He uaua ki te whakaaro e te Tretyakov Gallery, e kua waiho fare i te whakaata o te toi Russian i nga wa onamata ki te ra nei, ka timata ki te kohinga tūmataiti.

Tiri Kāinga

Whare i roto i Lavrushinsky Lane Tretyakov riro i roto i te 1851. Ko te upoko o te whānau, Pavel, ko te kaipakihi momoho, engari ko ia he philanthropist nui, haumi i roto i te maha hōtaka aroha. Ko ia he kaikohi kaingākau, kohikohi kōwaiwai, ngā, ata me ētahi atu mahi toi.

I ia te whāinga ao - ki te waihanga i tētahi taiwhanga motu, a kahore he whare taonga noa. Ko te timatanga o te kohinga e tekau pikitia peita e rangatira Tatimana. I te tīmatanga, ko te Tretyakov Gallery, i reira i tuwhera noa ki melo o te utuafare, me manuhiri te fare, i roto i te whare, te wahi i ora ai Tretyakov. Ko te kohinga hohoro tupu, me wahi ki te whakaatu e kore e nui. A, no te te rangatira o te ora hua maha hanganga. A ka noho Pavle Mihayloviche pa te whai wāhi ki te haere ki te whare ahurea rite te Taiwhanga Tretyakov. whakawhānui Rooms me kua tupu whakaaturanga tonu. I rongonui o te whare taonga, ko te meka e mo te tau tuatahi e wha o ona manuhiri neke atu i te 30 mano tangata.

40 nga tau i muri i te meka, rite ko reira te timatanga o te kohinga, Pavel Tretyakov hoatu ana e ia kia rite ki te mea homai noa Moscow. I kīnaki te hui i mahi o toi penapena i roto i te teina tuarua, Sergei. Heoi i reira i roto i Moscow "Gallery o Pavel me Sergei Tretyakov." I tetahi atu philanthropist pai-mohiotia Morozov tukua masterpieces e Renoir, Van Gogh, Monet. Ahakoa te whakawhitinga o te pa, haere tonu kaiwhakaruruhau e rua ki te kapi i te kohinga. I muri i te matenga o Tretyakov katoa whare Lavrushinsky popo e mo e te pa.

New Life Collection

I te tau 1913, i whakaritea he kaitiaki me te kaiwhakahaere o te taiwhanga i I. E. Grabar. Ko ia kaitoi, kaihoahoa me te toi kore anake te faihisitōlia pūmanawa, engari ano hoki te kaiwhakahaere. E pau ia he mahi nui o systematizing te kohinga. wehea ana e ia te papanga o wā hītori, kia i nga manuhiri he whai wāhi ki te ahu i te whanaketanga o te toi Russian. A, no te mea i hanga ki, me te awheawhe fakafoki mai. I te mutunga o te tau te mahi e iri ana i roto i te whare o te Gallery Tretyakov, i wātea hoki tirohanga i te iwi whānui.

I muri i te revolution, ko nationalized te whakaminenga katoa, ka tukua i runga i ki te käwanatanga taitamariki. I whakatūria te reira "State Gallery Tretyakov", ko tona whakaurunga i hanga e wātea ana ki wāhanga katoa o te taupori. Kua tupu tino te kohinga e tika ana ki te rōpū ki ētahi atu whare taonga, me ngā kohinga tūmataiti o te whakawhitinga, i nationalized nei i roto i te wā Soviet.

I roto i te pakanga i whakakorikoria nga kohikohinga taonga ki Novosibirsk. poma nga kau Nasí mercilessly whakapaipai. pai tika rua poma nui-taikaha i roto i 1941 ki te Taiwhanga Tretyakov, hei he nui. Ko te tau e whai ake nei, ka timata te faaho'iraa mai o te whare taonga, a i roto i 1944 tatau taiwhanga nga tangata tino o te whakapaipai anō-whakatuwheratia ki te iwi whānui.

fare o te Taiwhanga Tretyakov

Mai tona taketake, te whare taiwhanga i toe langa e rave rahi taime. He whakawhitinga hou, me te wāhi atu i puta rite te kohinga i roto i tona kororia katoa. Ki te rā, kei te arai, e i roto i te ruma 106. Kei te nuinga o te i roto i te whare i roto i Lavrushinsky Lane, te wahi i ratou 62. hoki ngā te matatini te whare taonga-hahi o St .. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, awheawhe-whare taonga Golubkina, Vasnetsov Whare-Museum me te whare-whare taonga o Corina. Katoa ruma i roto i te Taiwhanga Tretyakov - ko reira he faingamālie ki pa ki te toi, kite i te masterpieces ngingila. i runga i 150 mano whakaaturanga, he waia ki te katoa mai i kōhungahunga te nuinga o nei kei te kohikohinga. He maha reproductions o peita ngā i roto i te pukapuka kura puta noa i te whenua. I runga i enei pikitia taea e koe te ako Russian. I muri i te katoa, i tatou te moana, pera i roto i te pikitia e Aivazovsky, ngahere - rite Shishkin, āhua rite Levitan. Ahakoa te whakaahua pai o Pushkin, mohiotia ki nga kura, whakatakotoria ana ki konei.

whare iconography

I roto i nga kokonga o te Taiwhanga Tretyakov he peita, breathtaking. Ko pea tetahi o nga fare tino ngaro - he iconography whare. A, no te unga kohinga Pavel ki peita a hoatu 62 ata i tona kohinga. Na i roto i te whare taonga i reira e rave rahi rau. Ia o ratou tohu i te ara o Ofotokisií i te whenua Russian. I roto ia ratou he mahi e Rublev, Theophanes te Kariki me ētahi atu kaipeita rongonui. Na tetahi o nga whakapakoko tino wehi i a tawhito i runga i whakaatu i te hahi kāinga o te Tretyakov Gallery - te Vladimir Mother o te Atua. He neke atu i te 900 tau ia.

Mārakerake ki Lavrushinsky Lane

Ko te whare i roto i Lavrushinsky Lane, i te paruru Vasnetsov rongonui, te arotahi matua o te kohinga. Ko te 62 ruma, wehea ki te 7 rohe, i roto i te raupapa wā, whakaaturia mahi i nga toi pai o Russia, a e kore e anake. Kia pehea te nui a rerekē te Taiwhanga Tretyakov. Whakaahuatanga o te ruma e tango e rave rahi rōrahi o te putanga tā. Haere i runga i te haerenga, he reira pai ki te whiriwhiri i te artist ngā peita ranei, e lī'oa te nuinga o te wā. Te kore, te taunga ki te ara ka kia tino ausia, me te oti. Ko te ingoa o te fare o te Taiwhanga Tretyakov hāngai wāhi i roto i to ratou kohikohinga.

Ko te kupu, māngai te toi Russian tawhito i roto i iconography.

A i roto i nga fare o te rau tau XVIII-XIX e faaite peita o rangatira nui Levitsky, Rokotoff Ivanova, Bryullov. Hei whakaatu i te peita Ivanov "Ko te āhua o te Karaiti ki te iwi" he ruma motuhake i hanga. Na hamama whakaahua rongonui o te tau nui rawa o taurangi. Ko mea nui ki te hopu me te kawe i runga i koaka i te āhuatanga me te huru o te tangata, engari e kore e ia tika i ki kia rongonui. Mai Bryullov kia tuhia nga mahi i mahi mahi aravihi "te Rider", i reira te kotiro taitamariki ki te aroha noa mīharo noho ratau ma te tāriana nehenehe.

Hoki horo reira te aro o te whare, te wahi i nga mahi o kaitoi o te hawhe tuarua o te rau tau XIX. Hea e taea e koe te rumaki koe i roto i te ao mīharo o toi tūturu, te wahi mahi i taipitopito katoa i te thoroughness faahiahia. I roto i te pikitia Repin pae tino mana'o rite ko ra wera i runga i te papa karaihe rite ia rau nekenekehia ana i roto i te hau. He "toru toa" Vasnetsov rite tenei ra ki te tiaki i rohe te whenua o i whakaeke i anihia. E te ara, i konei ka taea e koe te kite, me te mahi Vasnetsov Bush.

peita o Surikov "Boyar Morozova" ranei "ata o te Execution Strelets" kawe te kaha aronganui o ia wāhi i roto i aua ngā. E kore te tangata tau'a huru tüao ranei. Katoa i tuhituhia ki te tino, he mīharo.

I roto i te whakaata peita i te rau tau XIX-XX, he hakari te mahi o taua geniuses rite Serov, Vrubel, me te māngai o te Union o Artists Russian.

Taonga o te Art Russian

Nui, me te kanorau Tretyakov Taiwhanga. Piha, kōwaiwai, ngā, whakairoiro e kore e waiho te tangata tau'a. He wāhanga motuhake o te whakaaturanga, ko te "Treasury", de faaite ngā hanga o konganuku utu nui, me te kohatu. mahi ātahu rei pai.

whakairoiro

Kei te whakatapua te ruma motuhake ki te toi whakairoiro. nga mahi katoa aroaro i roto i tenei tikanga, ko reira tino wehi o te marama, te reira fakatupu pakarukaru. Na reira, ki te whakaatu i to ratou rama motuhake tāuta, paku muffled. Here faaite te kohinga nui rawa o whakairoiro Russian. Na he iti, engari kahore kohinga iti mahu'inga o kaitiaki iti.

toi o ēnei rā

Ko te whare i runga i Krymsky Val, e pā ana ki te Taiwhanga Tretyakov, he hakari toi i te wā Soviet ki te ra nei. Kei te matakitaki ana manuhiri ki te moni kia rite ki te Māoritanga pānga te toi.

rangatira Hall

Ko te kohikohinga he mahi kotahi, me i reira he kohikohinga katoa o pikitia o te ariki. He ruma i oti rawa ki te kaitoi i roto i te Taiwhanga Tretyakov, kei te mahi anake o wā rerekē. whakaaturanga yavlyatsya pērā o mahi e Shishkin. Ko rangatira atu o te paraihe i riro he kororia taua.

Mai i tona whakatuwheratanga, ka te Taiwhanga Tretyakov te kohinga taonga o peita me ngā toi. Ahakoa te whare taonga Russian, whakapumautia i te taumata kāwanatanga, ngaro i roto i te rongonui tenei hui ngā.