I roto i te mua, i roto i 2012, e wha tekau ma rima nga tau i te kau, i te faaoti tangata ki te whakamahi i timekeeping ngota mo te inenga tika tino o te wā. I roto i 1967, te International SI te kore whakaritea kāwai o te wā e unahi arorangi - ki te whakakapi haere mai ratou paerewa caesium auau. E ko ia he ingoa rongonui i teie nei - i te karaka ngota. Ko te wa tangohia e tukua e ratou ki a koe te whakatau i te hapa iti i roto i te kotahi te rua i roto i te toru miriona tau, ka taea te whakamahi e ratou kia rite ki te wa paerewa hea i roto i te ao.
He hītori iti
Ko te whakaaro rawa o te whakamahi i wiri ngota ki te inenga pū o te wā i whakaarohia tuatahi i roto i 1879 i te ahupūngao o Ingarangi William Thomson. I roto i te tūranga o resonators kaituku ngota e pūtaiao tono ki te whakamahi i hauwai. Ko te whakamātau tuatahi ki te whakatinana i te whakaaro i roto i te mahi whakahaeretia anake i roto i te 40s. rau tau rua tekau. Na puta tuatahi mahi karaka ngota o te ao i roto i 1955 i roto i te UK. Ratou kaihanga ko te ahupūngao whakamātau Ingarangi Tākuta Louis Essen. mahi matou te hunga haora e hāngai ana i runga i te caesium-133 wiri ngota me pūtaiao no o ratou hopea i taea ki te ine i te wā ki te tika nui nui atu i te reira i mua. e kore te mea neke atu i te kotahi tuarua mo nga tangata katoa rau tau te kōwae tuatahi i roto i Essen hapa whakaaetia, engari te mutunga te tika o inenga toutou nui haere me te hapa ia te rua kei te haere mai ake tau anake 2-3 rau miriona.
karaka Atomic: mahi
Nahea tenei "pūrere" tupato? Ka rite ki te generator te kōwarotanga auau karaka ngota tono taumata pūngao o te rāpoi ngota ranei i te taumata aronui o ngota. rehe aronui whakau ana kōrero "karihi - irahiko" pūnaha ki te maha taumata pūngao motuhake. Ki te mea ka pā te pūnaha taua te mara hiko ki auautanga tino këtia, i reira ka waiho he whakawhitinga o te pūnaha i iti ki tiketike. Ko reira ano hoki e taea, me te whakamuri tukanga whakawhiti ngota i te taumata teitei ki te iti, aru i te radiation o te pūngao. Ka taea e ēnei ari aroturuki me te tuhi i te hūpeke katoa pūngao, te hanga i te tahi mea rite te ara iahiko kōpiupiu (hoki e mohiotia ana ko te oscillator ngota). Ka hāngai Ko tōna auau kōwarotanga ki te rerekētanga pūngao i waenganui i ngā taumata pātata o te whakawhitinga o ngā ngota wehea e te tamau o Panēke.
He ana tēnei ara iahiko oscillation painga whakakorekore whakaritea ki a ratou precursors hangarau, me te arorangi. tetahi o te oscillator auau kōwaro ngota o te ngota o te taonga hoki ko te taua, e te mea e kore te pendulums me te tioata piezoelectric. I tua atu, e kore e nga ngota huri i runga i te wā, o ratou āhuatanga, me te e kore kakahu i roto i. Na reira, karaka ngota he chronometer tino tika, me te tata mau tonu.
Ko te wa tangohia me te hangarau hou
whatunga Telecommunication, kōrero amiorangi, GPS, NTP-tūmau, whakawhitinga hiko i runga i te utu kararehe, auctions ipurangi, te tikanga o te hoko tīkiti i roto i te Internet - enei me maha atu ari katoa kua roa i au rawa i roto i to tatou oraraa. Otiia ki te kahore i te taata whakaaro te karaka ngota, tenei katoa i pai noa e kore e reira. Te tukutahi wā pū e taea ki a koe whakaiti tetahi hapa, takaroa, me te whakaroa, e āhei tetahi ki te whakanui i te whakamahinga o tenei rauemi koha utu nui, e kore e taea whai rawa nui.